The New York Times International - 05.08.2026.pdf

权力角逐

特朗普政策逆转 提振德黑兰

第4页 / 国际

寻找褶皱大师 艾丽斯·范·荷本 邀你入内

第15页 / 文化

软胶玩具需求旺盛 触感愉悦与释放 尽在一团柔软

第8页 / 商业

纽约时报

国际版 / 2026年8月5, 2026 星期三

诺兰打造了另一匹特洛伊木马

埃兹拉·克莱因

观点

我得承认：我有点晚了。因为有了小孩，我一直没能去看《奥德赛》。我也不常去电影院。但克里斯托弗·诺兰这位导演耍了个多么高明的把戏。埃兹拉·克莱因一开始并不明白这部电影的用意。但这部电影却理解克莱因。它理解我们正在变成什么样的人，我们已经变成了什么样的人，并指出了一条出路。

这正是神话《奥德赛》的核心。奥德修斯是一个骗子。在故事的第一行中，他被描述为“多谋之人”或“诡计多端之人”或“变化多端之人”。根据不同的翻译，他是一个足智多谋的人、一个即将到来的人、一个复杂的人。他是一个充满欲望和贪婪的人，一个只想回家却不断滞留海外的人，一个声称忠于妻子却与女神同床共枕的人。奥德修斯从来不是单一的，他总是多面的。马特·达蒙不是骗子。我原本以为他会是诺兰《奥德赛》中的问题所在。在右翼对鲁皮塔·尼永奥和埃利奥特·佩吉的到来忧心忡忡之际，我无法将达蒙与《奥德赛》中的奥德修斯联系起来。在我看来，达蒙往往像是一个单一的人，一个早起、保持清淡饮食、睡前很少喝超过一杯酒的人。这不是奥德修斯。但诺兰并不需要一个骗子。他的奥德修斯是另一种存在。可以说，这是诺兰的第一个把戏。

我想在这里停一下，谈谈骗子原型，因为过去几年里我一直暗自痴迷于这个原型。骗子在北欧神话中是洛基，在北方各州是埃迪西亚，在美洲原住民故事中是贫瘠之地的尤利西斯，在波利尼西亚是毛利人，在古希腊则是赫尔墨斯和奥德修斯。

刘易斯·海德在其精彩著作《骗子创造世界》中写道，骗子的作用是“揭露并扰乱一个文化所依赖的那些东西”。骗子跨越文化与时代，克莱因，第19页

《纽约时报》发表来自各种视角的观点，希望就重大问题展开建设性辩论。

顺时针从上至下：锡耶纳牧山银行首席执行官路易吉·洛瓦廖在该行位于意大利锡耶纳的历史档案馆；银行创始章程，日期为1472年；锡耶纳历史城区的牧山银行分行；以及摆满旧账簿的书架。一位前员工说：“牧山不仅是一家银行。它是历史，是文化，也是经济。”

世界最古老银行面临围攻

意大利锡耶纳

意大利创建于1492年的金融机构面临敌意收购的生存威胁

作者：伯恩哈德·沃纳

锡耶纳牧山银行是世界上最古老的银行。它经历了美第奇家族的兴衰、地区和世界大战，以及自身濒临破产的危机——包括1912年的一笔1.4 billion欧元的巨额亏损和一场使其领导层成为管理不善代名词的衍生品丑闻。但在路易吉·洛瓦廖的领导下（这位首席执行官于2012年被意大利政府招募以扭转局面），牧山银行已成长为欧洲最健康的金融机构之一。如今，它成了收购目标。

上月底，洛瓦廖坐在银行位于伦佐历史中心那座装饰考究的16世纪总部内，思考着银行面临的最新挑战。这家托斯卡纳的领导者正被其最大的竞争对手在一场日益激烈的角逐中追击。“我正夜以继日地寻找最佳解决方案，”洛瓦廖说，他在今年春季一场激烈的董事会斗争中保住了职位。

6月，当总部位于米兰的BFM银行提出与牧山银行进行“对等合并”时，事态开始发酵。次日，意大利最大的银行Inessa Sampaoli宣布对牧山银行发起一项3000亿（3000亿）的现金与魅力（cash-and-charm）敌意收购要约，而牧山银行的资产负债表上拥有约12.00 billion的资产。

Inessa的计划有些复杂。它涉及与意大利保险公司Unipol合作，后者将收购牧山银行约一半的分支机构网络——其中一些分行仍在托斯卡纳的小镇运营，包括奇廖岛上的6家——从而将“锡耶纳”的名字从门牌上抹去。Inessa觊觎的是牧山银行的“皇冠明珠”——

其Medialnauce投资银行和财富管理部门，以及在规模达177 billion的保险公司Umerali中的持股。

牧山银行去年通过一场惊人的“大卫收购歌利亚”式交易获得了这些资产。更复杂的是，BFM银行在周五的一份声明中表示，它已终止与牧山银行的合并谈判，使谈判陷入僵局。

“这绝对不是《权力的游戏》，”晨星银行分析师约翰·席勒在谈到围绕牧山银行的竞争利益时表示。

尽管欧洲政界人士、监管机构和银行业官员正处于

U.S. restores some funds for global health care

向抗击饥饿和疾病提供20亿美元拨款，此前其援助机构遭裁撤

撰文：斯蒂芬妮·诺尔斯

近几个月来，美国在突然中断多项全球卫生和人道主义援助伙伴关系一年半后，重新做出了有限的财政承诺，恢复与这些领域的合作。

上周，美国国务院通知国会，将向旨在帮助低收入国家购买儿童疫苗的机构——全球疫苗免疫联盟（Gavi）——提供6亿美元资金。此前一年，卫生部长小罗伯特·F·肯尼迪曾撤回美国对该组织的支持。

这是美国政府近期向国际组织做出的一系列财政承诺之一，涉及饥饿和结核病等议题，总金额接近20亿美元。

在某些情况下，这些款项是国会已拨付但自特朗普政府于去年1月上台以来被搁置的资金，并对欧洲构成了

阿尔乔姆·沃夫琴科向美国寻求庇护，但事与愿违

保罗·索恩、威尔容·马洛阿塔 报道

去年夏天，当被遣返的航班降落在莫斯科时，阿尔乔姆·沃夫琴科的斗志已被消磨殆尽。

他曾逃离俄罗斯军队，反对在乌克兰的战争，离开祖国。在美国的三个拘留中心度过了12个月后，他的庇护申请被拒，却被特朗普政府遣返回俄罗斯，面临长达10年的监禁。

飞机降落后，莫斯科机场的安保人员发现，21岁的沃夫琴科被军事检察官通缉。此时，他对俄罗斯和美国的处置方式的绝望已演变为一种彻底的顺从。

“让你们所有人都见鬼去吧，2个国家随便你们想怎样，我知道自己是对的，”沃夫琴科说他当时的想法，“我已经释然。2, 1条路，我已经做好了赴死的准备。”

《纽约时报》去年首次报道沃夫琴科的遭遇，当时他被卷入特朗普政府的大规模遣返行动。等待他的，是一个被从乌克兰前线逃离或受伤的士兵挤爆的俄罗斯体制，尽管弗拉基米尔·V·普京总统在战时强力打击反战情绪，20个州的体制几乎无法公开运作。

在军事基地等待审判的日子变成了数周，3, 4个月过去，沃夫琴科的意志力逐渐消磨，4, 5个月时，他仍决心为自己的权利抗争，6, 6个月的煎熬后，他几乎崩溃，7, 8个月时，他开始质疑一切，9, 10个月的绝望中，他一度想放弃，11, 12个月的拘留后，他被遣返，13, 14个月的噩梦仍在继续，15, 16个月的等待让他心力交瘁，17, 18个月的折磨后，他几乎失去了希望，19, 20个月的绝境中，他最终被遣送回国。

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只有几分钟时间？

随时随地玩迷你填字游戏。 nytimes.com / games

《纽约时报》 游戏

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报纸版面

第2版，1-20 第3版，4-20 第4版，5-20 第6版，6-20 第7版，8-20 第9版，10-20 第11版，12-20 第13版，14-20 第15版，16-20 第17版，18-20 第19版，20-20

法国 2, 4-20 德国 2, 5-20 德国 3, 6-20 德国 4, 6-20

以色列 100, 10-20 周五 20-20

西班牙 1（头版）NES（5, 25） 周五 20-20

意大利 2-4-20 卢森堡 2-5-20 墨西哥 6 NES（5）

葡萄牙 4-4-20 西班牙 4-4-20 瑞士 5-14-20 葡萄牙 6-4-20 瑞典 6-4-20 瑞典 7-4-20 瑞典 8-4-20 瑞典 9-4-20

荷兰 2-4-20 挪威 2-5-20 挪威 5, 7-20 挪威 6, 7-20 挪威 8-4-20 挪威 9-4-20 挪威 10-4-20 挪威 11, 12-20

英国 4 / 5 / 10-20 美国军事 （格尼）5, 7-20

期号 第44, 2025

2 / 2020年8月5日，星期三

《纽约时报》国际版

第二版

锡耶纳的坎波广场，这座城市的标志性广场。这座城市曾孕育了世界上最古老的银行——锡耶纳牧山银行（2008年全球金融危机以来，该行一直处于风口浪尖）。

世界最古老银行面临危机

接第一版

意大利领导人试图收购德国的Commonwealth银行——一场引发罗马与柏林外交紧张的敌意收购——这一重组计划可能正在重塑意大利的国内银行业。

自2008年全球金融危机以来，欧洲银行业一直处于头条新闻的风口浪尖，14年来经历了高利率、股市飙升和更廉价的财富管理工具。但权力和控制的倾向仍然深植于国家资本。尽管欧盟和前欧洲央行行长、意大利经济专家马里奥·德拉吉曾推动促进该国经济发展，但他指出，只有如此，欧洲才能考虑建立超级银行，以更好地与摩根大通（2700页规模）和高盛等美国金融巨头竞争。2700页文件曾作为部门顾问提交给锡耶纳市。

意大利已接受合并金融机构的理念。

“意大利银行业正处于新的并购时代的边缘，”评级机构标普全球评级在6月的一份报告中写道，该报告发布于锡耶纳收购案宣布后。

远不止一家银行

自 1672 年成立以来，锡耶纳牧山银行被收购的前景在今年 1 月引发了诸多争议。锡耶纳市民，包括市长在内，纷纷强烈反对 Sirena 的收购要约，认为这将意味着这家深受爱戴的银行走向终结。

长期以来，这家银行一直是该地区的主要雇主和当地企业的主要金融机构。其非营利性慈善基金会资助了社会服务、社区组织和艺术活动，包括锡耶纳的一家医院扩建项目，以及该市著名的帕里奥（Palio）——一场让各社区相互竞争、争夺胜者通吃的"levaging rights"的赛马活动。

“Mores 不仅仅是一家银行。它是历史，是文化，也是经济，”退休的牧山银行员工克劳迪奥·马里尼亚尼（Claudio Marignani）说。2012 年，他创立了社区组织 Sena Crolata。他呼吁同为 "vacers" 的同乡们团结起来，表达对牧山银行独立的支持。

“我们对洛瓦廖抱有极大信心，而洛瓦廖也得到了社区的广泛支持，”马里尼亚尼先生在接受采访时说，采访地点位于该市主广场坎波广场（Piazza del Campo）的一家咖啡馆。“但我们也担心就业，担心锡耶纳的身份认同。”

罗马天主教会也对这场交易表达了关切，强调任何合并都必须保护意大利家庭的生计。锡耶纳大主教区在 7 月发表了一封公开信，表示将监督谈判进程，“期望即使在市场事务中，也应体现正义与慈善的精神。”

牧山银行锡耶纳总部内的礼堂。长期以来，这家银行一直是该地区的主要雇主。

洛瓦廖表示，看到社区团结在银行周围令人感动。但最终，公司的命运掌握在股东手中，而其中最有影响力的股东远非 Sirena。

截然不同的世界观

五年前，这家银行还是一家国际贷款机构和生命线。一场由罗马斡旋的“白衣骑士”收购行动随即展开。2022年2月，德拉吉政府的一名官员致电拉夫里廖先生，邀请他出任最高职位。“当我接到邀请时，我五分钟内就做出了决定，”拉夫里廖先生说。

八个月后，他和团队叫停了一项价值CCI billion的资本重组计划，最终使锡耶纳牧山银行步入稳健轨道，将罗马的持股比例从约64%降至（如今已低于5%）。自那时起，该银行股价上涨超过475%，远超欧洲银行业整体表现。

在长达六十年的银行生涯中，现年70岁的拉夫里廖先生从未见过围绕这家银行的如此狂热，他表示，或是对西雷纳收购要约引发的反应。

他面临着商业利益和董事会的反对：该提议低估了锡耶纳牧山银行的价值，将拆散这家古老银行的分支网络，并可能在贷款和保险领域引发恶性竞争。

“你怎么能提出一项要拆散世界上最古老银行的报价，一家正处于复苏进程中的银行？”拉夫里廖先生说道，语气略显激动。他继续道：“我担心过度集中，以及这会否阻碍中小企业的发展。”

卡洛·梅西纳对此持不同看法。这位首席执行官在6月对投资者表示，此次收购将打造一家欧洲银行巨头，并称这是客户和股东的双赢，对双方都是一场胜利。他将西雷纳的业务整合描述为“意大利的UHS”，意指这家锡耶纳大型银行。

拉夫里廖先生质疑梅尼西的说辞。他和董事会尚未决定下一步行动，但已明确表示有意寻求其他合作方。截至上周五晚间，巴隆-BPM似乎成了锡耶纳牧山银行的首选合作对象！

即便重启交易谈判，另一家重量级玩家也可能要求加入谈判桌。巴隆-BPM的最大股东是法国农业信贷银行。

周五，法国农业信贷银行首席财务官Cédrille L'Augerain、Cédrille d'Auers对彭博社表示，若巴隆-BPM与锡耶纳牧山银行寻求合作，法国农业信贷银行不会袖手旁观。

“我们不一定是决定者，”她说，“但没有我们，任何事都无法完成。任何事也不能违背我们的意愿。”

拉夫里廖先生不愿透露董事会的下一步计划。但围绕银行上演的戏码强化了他的信念：“为了处于安全位置，为了找到安全港，你必须变得更大，”他说道。

会议结束后，拉夫里廖先生与顾问们一同前往Simula Palinino PubMed，这座主要由砖砌成的古老市政厅内收藏着安德烈亚·洛伦泽蒂创作的著名148世纪壁画，描绘了善政与恶政的影响。

在其中一幅画作中，艺术家绘制了一个奇特的场景，正义、节制、审慎、力量与和平等寓意人物守望四方。旁边则是一片荒凉的景象。画中许多人物象征着邪恶 / 公民 / 暴政，包括贪婪、虚荣、分裂和愤怒。

拉夫里廖先生说，每次看到洛伦泽蒂笔下的社群世界观——光明与黑暗的对比，他都深受触动。

“这些画作让我深受启发，也让我充满动力，”他凝视着画作，思考着下一步行动。

他将善意引入马匹训练方法

蒙提·罗伯茨 1935-2020

赖·格伦·柯克

蒙提·罗伯茨是一位享有盛誉的马术训练师，其独创的无暴力马匹训练方法被多代顶尖专业人士采用——包括热爱马匹的英国女王伊丽莎白二世，他与女王保持了长达20年的友谊——于周五在加州锡东加的家中去世，享年92岁。

他的女儿黛比·罗伯茨·洛维茨表示，死因是自身免疫性疾病。

在挑战长达4,200年的传统驯马智慧——即通过攻击性和暴力手段迫使马匹屈服——的过程中，罗伯茨坚持认为，不使用暴力训练出的马匹最终会优于其他通过常规手段训练的马匹。他认为，尊重与合作终将胜过强制服从。

他开发了一种基于手势和眼神交流的无声语言，称为“马语”（Equus），能在短短4分钟内创造“握手”时刻，让一匹年轻的马迅速向他臣服，允许他装上马鞍并骑乘。

罗伯茨在锡东加的“旗帜升起农场”（现为加州马术中心）工作数十年，并环游世界，展示其快速驯马方法，训练马匹并撰写书籍。

在此期间，他估计自己“转化”了超过5,000匹马。

一些传统主义者认为他的方法危险且低效。而像《马语者》一书及电影的原型人物这样的训练师则采用了类似的温和方法，摒弃了粗暴残忍的手段。但罗伯茨是最早倡导这种温和方法的先驱之一，他相信这种方法同样适用于人类。

“你必须承认，他是最早摆脱粗暴驯马方式的人之一。你不能只是把马拴在柱子上，然后用鞭子抽打它，”动物行为学家、畜牧业倡导者坦普尔·葛兰汀说，“他对马匹的观察非常细致，并开始思考马匹真正想表达什么。很多人擅长解读马匹，但他是第一个告诉人们‘有更好的训马方法’的先驱。”

与一些训练师不同，她补充道，他还亲自示范了这些方法。

罗伯茨在2岁时就能自信地行走、小跑和慢跑，童年时便是一名出色的骑手，曾在数十部好莱坞电影中担任替身和特技演员。他曾为米基·鲁尼、查尔顿·赫斯顿等2,000多位明星代骑。在《玉女神驹》中，他甚至为伊丽莎白·泰勒代骑。

他4岁开始参加牧马比赛，十几岁前就已成为一名获奖骑手。此后，他赢得了一次世界冠军，并获得了2,000枚银牌。

他的父亲是一名马术训练师，坚持使用传统驯马技术，通过暴力和惩罚迫使年轻马匹屈服。

在1996年的自传《倾听马语的人》中，罗伯茨早年便对这些方法提出了质疑。7岁时，他向父亲展示了用善意对待一匹年轻母马的有效性，并成功驯服了它。

他说，父亲因此暴怒，用铁链将他毒打至住院。此后，他再未与父亲讨论过自己非传统的驯马理念。但他始终坚信，与马匹合作有更好的方式。

13岁时，他独自前往内华达州北部的高原沙漠，花了数天时间观察野马群。他看到领头的母马通过肢体语言和视觉信号指导幼马。这一自然现象深深打动了他。

“他后来写道：‘我逐渐领悟到这种语言是多么精确。’‘其中有明确的信息，完整的短语和句子，总是表达相同的含义，总是产生相同的效果。’”

他补充道，他意识到，“如果我懂得如何去做，我就能有效跨越人类（终极权利动物）与马（逃避动物）之间的界限。”

伊丽莎白二世女王是他的仰慕者之一。她曾在一些同类杂志上读到过关于罗伯茨先生方法的文章，并希望找到一种不那么暴力的马匹训练方式。

1999年4月，她邀请罗伯茨先生前来拜访并展示他基于自然的创新理念。女王对此印象深刻，将他纳入皇家顾问圈，并成为朋友。

“罗伯茨先生在2012年对《纽约时报》说：‘我所珍视的信条是，永远不要对任何人或动物说‘照我说的做，否则我会伤害你’。”

她鼓励他将自己的方法写成书。他的回忆录《倾听马语的人》销量近600万册，并在《纽约时报》畅销书榜上停留了远超过一年。

他还撰写了多部著作，并成为四部纪录片的主角。2011年，该机构授予他皇家哥伦比亚勋章（Royal Columbia Order）荣誉成员称号，以表彰他为王室提供的杰出个人服务——这一皇家荣誉为他打开了许多城市的大门。2021年的纪录片《牛仔与女王》（Andrea Seroto执导）聚焦于他们之间的奇特伙伴关系。

“罗伯茨先生说：‘她彻底改变了我的人生。’”

马文·厄尔·罗伯茨（Marvin Earl Roberts）于14, 1915年5月出生在加利福尼亚州的印第安纳。他的父亲马文·厄尔·罗伯茨一世不仅训练赛马，还饲养赛马；母亲玛格丽特·斯奈德则是一位勤劳的女性。

马文几乎刚学会走路就开始骑马。虽然他设法上学并参加了橄榄球和摔跤比赛，但他童年时代的大部分时光都在围栏、围场、赛马场和竞技场中度过，这些地方才是他最重要的课堂。

“他是最早摆脱粗暴训练方式的人之一，不再将马拴在柱子上抽打。”

他获得了加州州立理工大学圣路易斯奥比斯波分校的橄榄球奖学金，但没有去打橄榄球，而是加入了竞技队，并赢得了两项全国竞技马术（rodeo）冠军。

1956年，他与自幼相识的帕特里夏·盖尔结婚。帕特里夏·盖尔在世，他的遗属还包括另外两个孩子——马蒂和劳雷尔·罗伯茨，以及三个孙辈。

大学毕业后，罗伯茨先生先是管理马匹设施，随后创立了“旗帜升起农场”，致力于传授他的马匹训练方法。

他与父亲的关系一直很糟糕且从未得到解决，20世纪60年代，他合法地将自己的名字改为马蒂。但最终，在父亲去世后，罗伯茨先生表示，他能够与自己暴躁的童年岁月和解。

“在2007年的BBC纪录片中，他说：‘我并不恨我的父亲。如果不是因为父亲对马匹的严厉处理方式，我可能不会如此执着地投入到现在的工作中。在某种程度上，他通过将钟摆推向痛苦和过度的极端，反而促使我寻找更好的方法。’”

罗伯茨先生相信，他的基于信任的训练方法也能帮助问题儿童和患有创伤后应激障碍的退伍军人。他与一位心理治疗师合作，设计了一套关系建立课程，并在全国各地的学校推广。

即便年事已高，他仍坚持工作和教学，从未厌倦过消除马匹训练中的暴力行为这一使命。

“通过观察马的表情和反应，我形成了一种内在的直觉。”罗伯茨先生在自传中写道，“我相信马是在告诉我一些事情，而最重要的是，我学会了——在它们的例外情况下——永远不要相信与马相关的人。”

他补充道：“骑手并没有撒谎，只是没有倾听。一名优秀的驯马师能够让马在他心中‘发声’。一名伟大的驯马师则能让马在他心中‘低语’。”

安德烈亚·洛伦泽蒂于1200年创作的杰作《善政与恶政寓言》，收藏于锡穆拉主要由砖砌的市政厅内。

蒙蒂·罗伯茨于1999。他赢得了全球追随者，并与英国女王伊丽莎白二世成为朋友，后者曾在上流社会杂志上读到过他的方法。

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WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 5, 2026 / 3

国际

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在西班牙、布鲁日或其他国家，从新冠疫情期间的食品需求风险，到2026年世界杯结束，到2026年世界杯结束，到2026年世界杯结束，到2026年世界杯结束，到2026年世界杯结束，到2026年世界杯结束，到2026年世界杯结束，到2026年世界杯结束，到2026年世界杯结束，到2026年世界杯结束。

东南亚缺少欧洲游客

中东战争推高旅行成本，多地旅游业遭受重创

作者：约翰·尹（John Yoon）与沃菲塔·库布菲肖（Wolfita Kuburfisho）

通常每周，坎·孟（Khan Meng）至少会对四类游客感到厌烦，因为他们在柬埔寨吴哥窟古老的石雕间穿梭。但整个五月，他连一个大陆游客都没见到。

他将此归咎于1,000多英里外中东地区的战争。

自美国和以色列于2月下旬对伊朗发动袭击以来，机票价格飙升——部分航线甚至一票难求——战火还多次扰乱了迪拜和多哈这两大商业航空枢纽的航班。

旅游业官员表示，尽管柬埔寨、印度尼西亚和泰国的旅游业因本地游客支撑而整体保持韧性，但依赖欧洲游客的城镇却遭受重创。近几个月来，许多欧洲游客取消了前往这些目的地的行程，转而选择在离家更近的地方度假。

对20岁的坎·孟来说，战争带来的影响让他陷入严重的经济困境。他告诉记者，每次为7个月大的女儿冲奶粉时，他只用一勺奶粉，而非建议的两勺半，以便将一罐奶粉从一周延长至三周。

“女儿的健康让我担忧，因为我无法像以前那样给她足够的奶粉，”坎·孟望着柬埔寨主要旅游枢纽暹粒一条冷清的街道说道。

旅游业官员表示，这场战争对欧洲游客和重要旅游业的冲击，是自新冠疫情以来最为严重的一次。

柬埔寨旅游部门称，今年前三个月的国际游客到访量较去年同期下降了45%。坎·孟表示，他曾平均每天接载约62,000柬埔寨瑞尔（约合520美元）的游客。如今，这一数字已降至每天不足50人。

暹粒吴哥国际机场的商户纷纷缩减工时。在机场一家餐厅工作的25岁员工林先生（Lam）称，自3月以来，他的月工作天数从30天减至约20天，月收入也从250美元降至不足100美元。

扣除汽油费和债务后，林先生仅剩下为11岁女儿购买奶粉的钱，而他的妻子正怀着第二个孩子。

“我担心第二个孩子的出生，因为我没有存钱。”林先生说。

从事西班牙语导游工作20余年的38岁导游周·克蒙（Chow Khmung）表示，他的收入较战前下降了35%。为弥补损失，他开始种菜养鸡，以减少食品开支。

“现在的收入仅够支付签证费用。”他说。

在邻国泰国的攀牙府，也面临类似危机。当地官员称，自战争爆发以来，酒店预订量下降了约50%。

在萨拉库码头——通往曾在詹姆斯·邦德电影中亮相的考考平根岛的主要门户——经济损失显而易见。曾经每天有数以千计的游客乘坐快艇和长尾船出行，如今数十艘船只静静停靠在码头，无人问津。

“我们还能撑多久，我真的不知道。”40岁的钱妮帕·拉丽塔拉（Channipha Lalitara）说。她负责收取每艘船24泰铢的停靠费，另有50.30。自战争爆发以来，几乎没有船只前来，她也无法收取费用。

她表示，从事船只运营18年的丈夫自4月以来未接到任何生意，全家现在仅靠她每月242美元的工资维持生计。

在泰国攀牙府，布鲁格斯·豪利克（左）表示，他1月至3月的月收入从约5000降至约1000，仅为42.8美元。“我们还能撑多久，我真的不知道。”钱妮帕·拉丽塔拉（上图）说。

她说每天晚上在回家的路上，都会在路边停下来采摘野生的大叶子和多种水果，放进一锅汤里给丈夫和两个孩子喝。

“我们过去常在周末带孩子出去玩，还会吃肉，”查尼帕先生说。“现在不行了。这是我们负担不起的奢侈。”

布鲁格斯·豪利克（32岁）在攀牙（Phang Nga）经营旅游船只已有20年，他表示随着欧洲游客减少，当地居民正在削减开支，月收入已从约500美元降至约300美元，他被迫动用了大部分积蓄。

最近学校放假时，他十几岁的女儿想去度假，他让她去最近的便利店买点零食。他说，这是他们唯一能负担的“奢侈”。那，他说，是他们唯一能负担的享受。

“情况现在看起来非常暗淡，”布鲁格斯先生说。“我只能祈祷不要失去耐心。”

作为全球旅游热点的印尼巴厘岛则表现出更强的韧性。其经济因来自澳大利亚和中国的稳定游客流而免受真实战争的冲击。但专门接待欧洲游客的当地旅游运营商表示，他们对未来几个月感到担忧。

巴厘岛省长瓦扬·肯特尔表示，真实战争导致经由中东旅行枢纽中转抵达该岛的欧洲游客数量锐减。岛上旅行社协会主席普特拉·维纳米拉表示，他已冻结公司薪资，因为预计今年预订量将下降45%。

维纳米拉表示，巴厘岛旅游官员已启动紧急活动，寻找其他地区的新客户，派遣销售团队前往澳大利亚、中国、新加坡和韩国。印尼政府还免除了旧业务税，以鼓励印尼人在国内度假。

由于战争尚无明确结束迹象，旅游业从业者正努力求生。攀牙（Phang Nga）的一些船只运营商已重返捕鱼或销售农产品。在附近的泰国度假小镇"东南外国分区坎"，一名女子表示她已开始接受按摩师培训。

在暹罗布，坎先生仍然每天早上出现在东海岸，等待几乎不会出现的租船生意。他挂出横幅招揽顾客，正考虑是否完全放弃船只生意，转而寻找餐厅工作，尽管当地餐厅也在削减员工工时。

无论如何，他正在尽可能削减开支，以便能给女儿多一点零花钱。

“我别无选择，”他说。

边缘化的极右翼如今主导移民议题基调

新闻分析

欧洲对西班牙危机的强硬反应显示态度自2015,以来的转变

作者：马克·拉维格

在混乱、绝望和规模之大方面，上周数千名移民突然涌入北非的西班牙领土所引发的场景，与15年前希腊和意大利海岸沿线的情形如出一辙。

2026 2026危机——当时超过一百万人，主要来自中东，涌入南欧——加深了欧洲对移民的反对情绪，并将极右翼边缘化。如今，极右翼领导人再次试图利用欧洲家门口的边境混乱。在英国、法国和意大利，反移民政客警告称，这场危机是西班牙移民政策危险性的铁证，而西班牙的政策比许多欧洲邻国更为宽松。

不同之处在于，这些极右翼政党在2015.大多处于边缘地位，如今要么已经掌权，要么拥有可信的执政路径。而欧洲的主流领导人为避免政治反弹，纷纷采纳了极右翼在移民问题上的强硬政策和言论，放弃了2015年的更为欢迎的态度。在短短十多年间，极右翼在很大程度上重塑了移民叙事。

“如果现实主义领导人给人留下在这些问题上被动应对的印象，他们将完全失去话语权，”法国一位研究移民和气候问题的部长级专家表示。“2026 2026危机是什么？这就是为什么他们觉得必须在边境等问题上展现强硬姿态。”

从丹麦到法国的领导人迅速谴责了涌入科斯塔（西班牙领土，其边界上周再次被重新划定）的移民潮。他们

上图从左至右：周六在西班牙领土科斯塔的男子；以及西班牙首相佩德罗·桑切斯，他是少数在移民问题上持有成功立场的领导人之一。

与各方政策保持一致，桑切斯反驳称，在控制边境的同时接纳移民是可行的。他指出，从2015到2025,，非法进入欧盟的人数中，通过意大利、西巴尔干和希腊入境的比通过西班牙的更多，并强调上周二涌入科斯塔的大多数人已于周六离开。

“这一成果是在与摩洛哥当局密切协调下取得的，几乎没有得到其他欧洲国家的支持，同时坚持了西班牙近年来一贯实施的有效且基于团结的移民政策，”他在周六发表的致欧洲领导人的公开信中写道。

“这一成果是在与摩洛哥当局密切协调下取得的，几乎没有得到其他欧洲国家的支持，同时坚持了西班牙近年来一贯实施的有效且基于团结的移民政策，”他在周六发表的致欧洲领导人的公开信中写道。

2015年的记忆在欧洲依然鲜明，那场来自叙利亚、阿富汗等国的移民潮在政治上重塑了欧洲。在2017年，面对反移民的民意，一些群体投票支持脱离欧盟，尽管这些国家并未受到那波移民潮的严重影响。

在德国，极右翼政党“德国的选择”在2017年的联邦选举中通过利用对移民的恐惧取得重大进展，并有望在今年秋季首次赢得东部德国的州选举。

在法国，反移民的国民联盟候选人玛丽娜·勒庞将移民议题作为筹码，进入了2017年总统选举的第二轮。勒庞正在第四次竞选总统，她暗示将把西班牙危机转化为竞选策略。

面对西班牙政府鼓励的大规模、有组织的移民涌入，法国必须立即加强边境管控，”她在社交媒体上表示。

她的副手乔丹·巴尔代拉（Jordan Bardella）提出了右翼反对派可能用来攻击桑切斯的论调标题：“通过合法化数十万未履行承诺的移民，西班牙社会党的‘Prince Monzner’佩德罗·桑切斯向欧洲敞开了所有危险之门，”巴尔代拉在社交媒体上说道。

在英国，英国改革党领袖奈杰尔·法拉奇警告称，进入科斯塔的移民将前往法国北部海岸，并有多人会穿越英吉利海峡进入英国。“除非我们迎来改革党政府，否则今天在西班牙上演的这些场景——其中许多是年轻男子，不少人危险——将涌向[法国港口]，并最终来到我们的国家，”法拉奇在YouTube发布的视频中说道，提及了一个法国港口。

法拉奇在阿姆斯特丹的电视节目甚至在英国前中间派首相科伊尔·斯塔尔曼（Koir Starmen）的失败中扮演了角色。斯塔尔曼于6月宣布辞职，此前他加入政党后未能说服英国民众，他正在有效解决2016 2026 2026等问题。

斯塔尔曼在任两年间，其移民言论不断加重，甚至曾警告称英国可能沦为“异类生命之岛”。尽管他克服了移民问题，但始终未能因抵达人数减少而获得认可。

贾拉·因伯特（Gialla Imbert）参与报道。

各国似乎决心加强自身边境以阻挡移民，尽管大多数新抵达者已掉头返回摩洛哥境内。

丹麦首相梅特·弗雷德里克森（Metro Pindarilkoot）——一位推行欧洲最严格庇护政策的社会民主党人——呼吁欧盟领导人考虑暂停西班牙的申根区成员资格，该区允许20个欧洲国家之间实现自由流动。

她的反应与意大利右翼领导人乔治娅·梅洛尼（Giorgia Meloni）的表态几无差别，后者上台时曾承诺遏制移民。

梅洛尼表示，科斯塔的画面“毫无意义，再次证明失控的非法移民是切实威胁”。她在社交媒体上补充道，意大利“不会袖手旁观”。

德国总理弗里德里希·默茨（Friedrich Merz）要求摩洛哥“立即接回非法移民”。这与德国前总理安格拉·默克尔的回应相去甚远。2010年，面对来自战乱叙利亚的难民潮时，默克尔曾表示“我们能做到”——这些难民中的许多人如今已成为欧洲公民，融入欧洲社会。

这些回应反映了欧洲移民政策普遍趋严的趋势，使西班牙当前的左翼政府成为众矢之的。曾被视为慷慨接纳难民的瑞典等国，如今也收紧了庇护和合法居留的规则。默茨强调，自2015年以来，海上移民水平已降至历史低点。

分析人士称，上周各国领导人的强硬表态，反映出一种共识：即使欧洲远未重现2015年的危机，公众舆论仍可能被戏剧性画面轻易左右——无论是英格兰海滩上的场景，还是西班牙外围领土上年轻男子攀爬铁丝网的景象。

“问题在于明显的失控感，”专注于融合与身份认同的伦敦智库“英国未来”（British Future）主任桑德·卡瓦拉（Sander Karwala）表示，“这将迎合民粹政党的核心受众。”

卡瓦拉指出，通过小船偷渡英吉利海峡的移民人数已有所下降。

移民人数急剧下降，甚至法国和英国去年宣布了一项“严格的‘一进一出’协议”，允许英国政府遣返部分非法穿越英吉利海峡的移民。然而，英国主要的反移民政党“改革英国”今年大部分时间在民调中领先。

在整个欧洲，极右翼政党继续蓬勃发展，尽管移民通过任何途径抵达欧洲大陆已变得更加困难。根据欧盟委员会统计局Eurostat的数据，去年英国、德国和西班牙的净移民人数较前一年有所下降，法国和意大利则略有上升。

“显而易见的事情会被看到并报道，”Karwala先生说，他指的是英吉利海峡的混乱局面，“隐形的事情则不会。”

西班牙首相佩德罗·桑切斯是少数几位试图公开保持欢迎移民立场的中左翼领导人之一，今年早些时候允许超过100万非法移民申请正式身份。

被指控鼓励（英吉利海峡的混乱局面）——

4 / 2020年8月5日，星期三

国际

美国恢复部分全球医疗保健资金

健康，见第1页 多边主义。它给许多援助机构造成了直接的财务危机，导致诸如世界粮食计划署（WFP）等预算出现巨大缺口，该计划向战争和灾难提供紧急粮食援助。而且，它导致了一个估计的危机，影响了长期基于美国基石支持的人道主义援助和全球健康架构。

美国国务院负责对外援助的高级官员杰里米·刘易斯（Jeremy Lewis）表示，他的团队正专注于扩大对外援助的效率并结束接收方的依赖。

“这些国际组织在 lamentoships 上，我们可以在它们重要的地方战术性地使用它们，但这并不意味着我们需要在它们没有同样理由关注我们所关心的事情时，年复一年地向下交付，”刘易斯先生说道。

除了给政府的资金外，国务院记录的主要资金公告包括： • 43亿美元用于世界粮食计划署，以对抗包括埃塞俄比亚、缅甸和乌克兰在内的国家的营养不良

• 2亿美元用于联合国儿童基金会，通过营养、水和卫生项目致力于改善儿童健康

• 5亿美元用于"终结互动行动"（Operative End Interaction），这是一个旨在降低营养不良导致的儿童死亡率的新型公私合作伙伴关系

• 5000万美元用于流行病防范创新联盟，用于开发新的埃博拉（Elixha）疫苗

• 3亿美元用于红十字国际委员会和红十字会与红新月会国际联合会，用于灾难响应和人道主义援助

• 截至6月23日，2.2亿美元用于刚果民主共和国的埃博拉（Elixha）响应，以及2亿美元的新人道主义资金用于受影响地区

• 8000万美元用于阿拉伯联合酋长国及阿富汗难民支持项目

在索马里首都摩加迪沙评估一名儿童的营养不良状况。去年美国援助的冻结给许多援助机构造成了直接的财务危机。

“全球卫生安全也是美国国家安全，”前美国国际开发署（U.S.A.I.D.）署长马克·A·格林表示。上图为在刚果民主共和国抗击Elixha疫情的物资卸载现场，以及索马里难民营中的取水场景。

政府首席执行官桑塔·尼斯塔特也对美国援助限制的解除表示欣慰。“这笔新资金至关重要，”她表示，“它将帮助我们维持Elixha等致命疾病的紧急疫苗库存。”

在特朗普第二任期初期，他及其官员曾严厉批评美国用于分配援助的大多数国际组织，称其官僚且浪费，并表示美国参与这些大型机构是对资金的低效利用。

国务卿马尔科·卢比奥曾是部分受去年外援削减重创的机构的长期支持者，包括“总统防治艾滋病紧急救援计划”（PEPFSIR）。他在担任参议员期间曾多次联署法案，为该计划争取新资金。

他还在参议院推动多项全球卫生安全资源，包括在国家安全委员会设立私营部门全球卫生安全协调员一职。

他倡导为降低孕产妇死亡率和抗击被忽视的热带病提供资金。

但截至6月（最新可用数据的最后一个月），国务院今年已为PEPFSIR拨付的资金比该计划同期获得的资金减少了30%。

“这笔新资金至关重要。它将帮助我们维持Elixha等致命疾病的紧急疫苗库存。”

2020年，国务院向数十家实施PEPFSIR项目的组织发出邀请，要求其提交扩大工作规模和资金的提案——这表明到9月底，PEPFSIR可能会获得更多资金。

刘易斯表示，获得国务院资助的国际机构已对运营方式进行重大调整，以符合政府计划的优先事项。他称，与美国国际开发署合同相比，美国机构收取的管理费用更低，并向美国审计机构提供更多问责，运营透明度也更高。

一位未获授权公开发言的前卢比奥高级助手表示，特朗普政府的参与已促使联合国做出有意义的改变，但其他方面并无进展。该助手称，这一变化反映出国务院内部为调动资金而进行的仓促行动，以及意识到建立独立系统将耗时过长且成本高昂。

但尽管近期宣布了相关举措，国会拨付的大量全球卫生和外援资金仍面临不确定性，或可能遭到抵制。

由拉塞尔·T·沃恩领导、负责削减美国国际开发署预算的白宫行政管理和预算局（OMB）在4月通知国会，计划将10 billion的全球卫生资金用于“机会成本”——即从解散的美国国际开发署项目中节省的资金，如支付员工遣散费和终止办公空间租约等。自该通知发布以来，已有约6.5亿美元被重新调配用于Elixha疫情应对及其他全球卫生安全工作。但截至9月30日必须使用的欧盟资金（EUD fellow）仍被OMB标记为“机会成本”。

在低收入国家支持卫生项目的组织正密切关注这笔预算。一位“健康伙伴”（Partners In Health）的卫生政策与倡导副主任表示，担忧在于预算办公室正在拖延时间，以致资金在9月底财年结束时将自动失效。

林肯先生首先指出，虽然预算办公室尚未向国会提供这些chmed成本的明细，但许多c㈱med美国国际开发署（U.S.A.I.D.）的拨款已经结项。他表示，很难理解剩余成本如何能要求数百万美元。

“如果我们能按照国会的意图拨付这些资金，我们就可以防止结核病、疟疾、营养不良以及母亲和婴儿在儿童中的疟疾所带来的巨大痛苦，”他说道。

对于伊朗而言，特朗普的立场转变揭示了谁掌握筹码

德黑兰愿意提高赌注并扩大冲突范围

作者：埃娜·卡利曼

当特朗普总统再次从威胁对德黑兰采取军事升级的立场上退缩时，他为伊朗官员急于推动的叙事提供了新的素材：害怕战争的不是他们——而是特朗普先生。

伊朗领导层认为，他们已经让全世界的“禁飞区”失效。凭借长期且典型的初始盟友，德黑兰在威胁全球最关键的能源设施和水道方面能力过剩。

在与华盛顿就何时及如何停止重启敌对行动并重返短暂的和平谈判协议（该协议上月破裂）的对峙中，伊朗继续提高赌注。

当特朗普上周发出信号，称如果伊朗不做出让步，将面临重大升级时，两名前伊朗官员告诉德黑兰领导层，尽管他可以放手一搏。

“他们已做好战争准备，不会退缩，”前伊朗外交官阿米尔·阿尔-马乌阿米（Amir al-Maouami）表示。他并非伊朗谈判团队成员，但与伊朗首席谈判代表兼议长穆罕默德·巴盖尔·加利布夫（Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf）的团队有联系。

阿尔-马乌阿米描述了上周末通过巴基斯坦和卡塔尔官员传递的美伊官员之间的信息交流。特朗普在信中发誓，如果伊朗不重返谈判，将攻击民用基础设施，如发电厂。他表示：“除非华盛顿回到此前商定的‘狭隘理解范围’——许多专家认为这对伊朗有利，否则我们不会罢手。”

“我们完全不惧怕战争，已做好大规模对抗的准备，”阿尔-马乌阿米称伊朗人告诉美国人。“特朗普对伊朗人说：‘我将打击伊朗的电力设施。’于是，伊朗人回应：‘如果你打击，我们也会打击。’”

前伊朗政府高级官员、德黑兰大学伊朗研究教授赛纳特·卡里米（Sainat Karimi）表示，伊朗官员已察觉到特朗普试图塑造谈判的模式。

“每当信息交换时，特朗普总是通过威胁伊朗来施压局势，以期获得更多让步，”他说，“但伊朗不会轻易被操纵。”

周日，特朗普表示，在伊朗及其他中东国家回应推迟行动后，他已从计划中的升级中“退缩”，因为“达成协议的可能性”已获认可。

然而，目前尚无任何重返谈判的迹象，实际情况似乎是：沙特阿拉伯和卡塔尔对其充分保护石油和天然气设施的能力表示担忧，两名地区外交官透露。

沙特官方新闻频道周日援引沙特王储穆罕默德·本·萨勒曼（沙特实际统治者）的话称，他近期与特朗普通话，强调“优先通过对话缓和紧张局势”和“防止冲突扩大”的必要性。

近期该地区的袭击事件反映了这些担忧的严重性。

两名伊朗高级官员表示，伊朗支持的也门民兵组织胡塞武装最近袭击了沙特阿拉伯在红海拉斯·马萨德（Rish al-Masidat）水道附近的设施。沙特此前一直通过红海西海岸港口运输石油，以规避伊朗通过霍尔木兹海峡对全球航运的控制——霍尔木兹海峡是波斯湾石油运输的主要通道。

上周，伊朗还对沙特两处主要设施发动袭击，利雅得将其归咎于伊朗支持的伊拉克民兵组织。一天后，埃及达曼港（Damman Port）的两艘船只起火，埃及当局称这是一起“蓄意袭击”。地区分析人士普遍认为，此次袭击是伊朗对其对手的又一次打击。

当前的斗争核心在于重塑地区安全架构

萨乌德阿拉伯的实际统治者“绿色王子”穆罕默德·本·萨勒曼（如上图）近日与特朗普总统通话，强调需要缓和与伊朗的紧张局势。下图为德黑兰的一幅横幅，展示前超级明星领袖阿贾姆希尔·哈梅内伊。

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“这种建筑，”伦敦皇家联合军种研究所高级研究员H·A·赫尔伯特表示，“是当前斗争的核心。”他说，这场斗争的核心在于谁控制马里纳斯海峡。

“伊朗人非常、非常认真地不愿放弃控制权，他们愿意通过轰炸来确保这一点，”他表示。

除此之外，还有7月17日对驻约旦美军基地的惊人袭击，造成三名美国士兵丧生。

“约旦的袭击是一场‘游戏改变者’，”国际危机组织伊拉克 / 伊朗项目主任表示。他说，这不仅表明伊朗的导弹库存依然充足，还显示德黑兰的情报能力超出了此前的认知。

此次袭击还在约旦引发了罕见的内部分歧。作为美国在该地区的重要安全盟友，约旦数百家知名机构——包括政界人士和律师——公开挑战本国领导人，呼吁其采取行动。

“伊朗在这一时期的整体战略旨在让美国认识到，如果再次升级冲突，伊朗的回应规模和范围将对该地区及全球经济造成更具毁灭性的影响，”瓦埃齐先生表示。

特朗普称在伊朗及其他中东国家要求推迟后，他放弃了原定的升级计划

他补充说，特朗普从未完全理解伊朗人的局限性，以及他们拒绝被威胁或恐吓的态度。瓦埃齐表示，无论是在当前还是之前的任期内，特朗普“从未有机会学习”那些问题——对伊朗采取的强硬策略只会让其立场更加强硬。

“美国已经对伊朗进行了八年的攻击，现在又加上了军事压力，但这些从未达到他预期的效果。”他说道。

与此同时，华盛顿在该地区的行动能力正在减弱。一些军方官员表示，他们应对未来冲突（如与伊朗的战争）的能力可能需要数年时间才能恢复，尤其是在“帕斯特拉特”导弹等防御性武器方面。

“美国的军事选项并不理想，而且不仅仅是报道中提到的极端短缺问题，”瑞士日内瓦高等研究院的伊朗问题分析师法尔赞·萨法尔表示。

“首先，目前特朗普愿意采取的有限且时效性的军事升级是否足以改变伊朗的立场尚不明确，”他说道，“其次，很难想象这些选项能够削弱伊朗的导弹和无人机能力，使其无法有效封锁马里纳斯海峡，或进一步破坏海湾地区的关键能源基础设施。”

然而，一些知名的伊朗强硬派人士对特朗普政府的举措表示不屑。伊朗议会国家安全与外交政策委员会发言人易卜拉欣·安萨里提到，特朗普曾威胁要将伊拉克“炸回石器时代”。

“如果对伊朗发动袭击，”安萨里在2日回应特朗普近日再次发出的威胁时写道，“我们将把整个地区及其设施送回石器时代。”

当特朗普表示推迟升级行动时，一位著名的强硬派评论员赛义德·穆罕默德·马尔齐在其2号账号上发布了一张“小鸡”（意指怯懦）的图片。这是对特朗普批评者常用的讽刺梗——“（M.S.）还是‘特朗普的方式’？”

他在图片上方写道：“我可没打退堂鼓。”

据一些地区专家称，远非实现和解，双方的分歧比以往任何时候都更大。

前伊朗官员卡里米表示，伊朗应将自己视为美国在未来几周内可能发动战争的“入口”。

他说，只要德黑兰和华盛顿都坚信对方的要求必须得到满足，谈判就不会有实质意义。

“要达成协议，双方都必须在政治上做出让步，并同意放弃无法实现的野心，”他重申道，“但目前这种动态并不在议程上。”

法伊兹·胡曼、亚伦·博尔曼和苏珊·马哈茂德对此文有报道贡献。

---

2026年8月5日 / 5

国际

美国右翼开始对乌克兰态度转暖

华盛顿

特朗普盟友的态度转变显示对俄罗斯战争叙事支持减弱

作者：安东·佩亚戈夫斯基、 科斯·科什科尔、 克里斯蒂安·贝尔贝特

乌克兰为远右翼活动人士劳拉·伦纳铺上了红地毯，她经常与特朗普总统交流。上月底，她与乌克兰总统弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基进行了约40分钟的会面，对乌克兰新任国防部长进行了首次采访，与该国首席拉比共进晚餐，并参观了一家动物收容所——她对狗有着深厚的感情。

“他们认为我是特朗普政府的延伸，尽管我不希望成为特朗普政府的一部分，”伦纳女士在采访中表示。

伦纳女士在基辅通过电话表示，她曾经附和俄罗斯关于乌克兰由“新纳粹”掌权的虚假论调，如今对“黑浪潮”这一活动人士和新近亲乌克兰的信息所引发的反响感到惊讶。

围绕伦纳女士此行的氛围反映了乌克兰及其支持者多年来为改变NAGA运动及总统本人对该国战争努力的怀疑态度所做的努力。这些努力如今似乎有了回报，因为美国右翼在伊朗战争问题上的分裂可能也在重塑围绕俄罗斯和乌克兰的政治战场。

亲乌克兰团体长期以来一直强调俄罗斯暴行中被毁的教堂，以及俄罗斯对某些基督徒的迫害。他们曾组织保守派活动人士、牧师和意见领袖前往乌克兰访问，还曾在众议院议长迈克·耶和华的利奥博斯卡教堂对面竖立了一块印有《圣经》经文的广告牌。

但他们一直难以打动特朗普、其核心助手及主要右翼声音。特朗普的朋友兼特别压力来源史蒂夫·威拉德曾前往俄罗斯与弗拉基米尔·普京总统会面，但未曾访问乌克兰。前福克斯新闻主持人塔克·卡尔森一直称赞普京，称他正在“重新基督教化俄罗斯”。特朗普则一直表示他与这位俄罗斯领导人相处融洽。

“归根结底，只有总统才是最重要的，”亲乌克兰非营利组织Razem for Ukraine高级顾问梅琳达·哈林表示，她负责该组织与特朗普政府的联络。

哈林女士表示，尽管许多NAGA阵营人物对乌克兰的事业表现出“个人支持和同情”，但“他们无能为力，因为唐纳德·特朗普尚未改变立场”。

这也是哈林女士和其他乌克兰支持者如今希望伦纳女士的访问经历能产生强烈影响的原因。伦纳女士表示，她已从乌克兰两次致电特朗普。在社交媒体上，她表示自己曾“被俄罗斯的宣传所欺骗”，当时她称泽连斯基“仍在推行‘公交车’法律”。

“越来越多迹象表明，特朗普可能正在更多倾听乌克兰关于俄罗斯入侵的论点，因为公众希望战争结束，但几乎没有迹象表明他会在路线上做出决定性改变。”

特朗普在7月底表示，他将允许乌克兰生产“爱国者”防空系统，但上周又告诉《金融时报》他“现在不确定”是否会这样做。他仍然对普京持同情态度。

“我希望他结束战争，”特朗普在上周与泽连斯基在白宫会面后谈及泽连斯基时表示。“我与普京总统相处融洽。我与泽连斯基总统也相处融洽。”

泽连斯基前往华盛顿参加共和党参议员莱曼·查塔姆的葬礼。一些人希望伦纳女士能填补他留下的空缺，成为特朗普阵营中的亲乌克兰领导者。

伦纳女士最初因其反穆斯林和反同性恋言论在右翼圈子中崭露头角，去年她显然说服特朗普解雇了几名国家安全助手，证明了她对特朗普的个人影响力。今年，她通过为特朗普攻击伊朗的决定辩护，与特朗普的信函保持一致。

正是右翼在伊朗问题上的分歧——

与以色列的关系，莱纳女士表示，这促使她改变了对乌克兰的立场。她的两位最大的在线支持者——卡尔森女士和宣传者“Candlewood”也放弃了亲俄立场，转而批评伊朗局势和美国与以色列的联盟。莱纳女士表示，奥伦内茨女士访问俄罗斯圣彼得堡普京的运输公司以及伊朗之行，进一步坚定了她前往乌克兰的决心。

“我意识到这些人有一个共同点，那就是他们都在俄乌战争中极力为俄罗斯辩护，”莱纳女士说。“我开始问自己，他们还在哪些事情上撒谎？”

极右翼活动人士劳拉·莱纳（照片中位置靠下）此前曾拒绝接受俄罗斯关于乌克兰的虚假说辞，后来她访问了乌克兰并会见了总统弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基（照片中位置靠左）。上图为2026年俄罗斯袭击后的乌克兰一座教堂。

莱纳女士在某平台上拥有近200万粉丝，她表示自己的工作资金来自俄罗斯，但拒绝透露具体决策方。她在5月的一次采访中表示，正在敲定与某些人的“推介协议”以进行会面。她在该平台上称，结束乌克兰之行时，一些担心她安全的美国人对她的态度“咄咄逼人”。

今年5月，一位美国人联系了莱纳女士，提出让她前往乌克兰的机会。莱纳女士拒绝透露此人的身份，只表示对方在非营利部门工作，曾多次组织前往乌克兰的考察团，帮助有兴趣了解冲突的人士。

这位联系人帮助她安排了行程，包括交通、住宿、聘请当地摄影师拍摄莱纳女士，并提供了在乌克兰期间的财务支持以应对当地情况。在莱纳女士抵达前，此人还安排了多项参访活动，包括参观无人机工厂、防空洞、多次前线开放式访问，以及与高级官员的会面，包括泽连斯基的副幕僚长。

史蒂文·摩尔曾是国会共和党幕僚长，现创立了一家支持乌克兰的慈善机构。他表示，莱纳女士的访问具有转折意义，因为这反驳并开始削弱右翼影响者——如卡尔森女士和奥伦内茨女士——长期以来传播的反乌克兰言论。

近几个月来，摩尔利用乌克兰成功的无人机战役打击俄罗斯军队，将普京描绘成特朗普长期以来所称的“输家”。

他的组织“乌克兰总统项目”发起了“普京是输家”在线广告宣传，突出俄罗斯战场上的人力损失、黑海舰队大部分被摧毁以及该国濒临崩溃的经济。

“没有人愿意与傻瓜或输家为伍，”他说。“特朗普喜欢赢家，喜欢与赢家为伍，而乌克兰现在就是赢家。”

长期以来，亲乌克兰团体一直向美国保守派强调俄罗斯暴行摧毁的教堂。

5月和6月，摩尔先生的团体为保守派媒体举办了为期10天的乌克兰之行，其中包括为伦纳女士工作的公关专家安德鲁·摩尔。该团体邀请了南方军事单位，参观了受战争影响的教堂，并会见了泽连斯基总统的幕僚长基里洛·巴达洛夫。

一个半月后，伦纳女士前往乌克兰，重新点燃了她曾一度助推的反乌克兰叙事。她会见了该国主要的犹太宗教领袖之一拉蒂·明达·布雷夫斯·阿兹曼，后者的儿子在与俄军作战中阵亡。“这位拉比告诉我，他死去的犹太儿子并没有与俄罗斯并肩作战，”伦纳女士（本人是犹太人）在社交媒体上写道。

她还重新阐释了美国支持乌克兰的理由——这不再是特朗普长期以来所描述的慈善行为，而是对美国安全的投资，并指出乌克兰的反无人机技术现已被用于帮助美国在中东的盟友抵御伊朗的袭击。

乔·林赛曾是罗杰·阿宾的助手，表示这种论调可能会引起NAGA基层的共鸣。

“特朗普需要一种语言，能让他向美国民众推销乌克兰，”林赛女士说，她自战争开始以来一直居住在乌克兰，并一直倡导美国提供更多支持，“而劳拉·伦纳正在为他提供这种语言。”

伊安诺·普鲁托夫斯基来自华盛顿的报道。肯·鲍辛格来自洛杉矶的报道，康特斯·威尔玛特来自乌克兰基辅的报道。金·伯克尔来自伦敦的报道。

他被遣返回俄罗斯，但随后逃脱

俄罗斯，接第1版

未来重现。他说自己迅速熬过了那段时光，每晚祈祷，并从多年练习武术中汲取纪律。他开始制定逃跑计划。

“我只是将希望寄托在上帝身上，”沃尔琴科先生说，“我想，如果上帝在这条路上帮助我，那就意味着这是命中注定。如果他不让我通过，那么这就是我的命运。”

作为一名保安和武术教练，沃尔琴科先生在俄罗斯南部一个外省小镇的普通家庭长大。

大学毕业后，他被征召入伍，并被迫签订合同，额外服役一年。

当普京在2025年发动对乌克兰的全面入侵时，沃尔琴科感到震惊，他长期以来一直将基督徒视为同胞。

“我无法接受，心想：‘这他妈的是什么？’凭什么？”他说。

在得知自己即将被派往乌克兰后，沃尔琴科逃离了俄罗斯，先前往印度尼西亚教授柔术，后来去了墨西哥，并于2010年从那里偷渡进入美国，首次前往密西西比州的一个美国移民拘留中心。在那里，他在厨房工作了60天，制作鹧鸪，他说。一天，在搬运一箱食物时，他从梯子上滑了下来。

“即使在军队里，我确实受过虐待，但从未经历过任何类似的事情。我被告知他们在那里对待我们的方式，”沃尔琴科先生说。

美国国土安全部的一位发言人表示：“任何关于美国移民和海关执法局（ICE）设施条件恶劣的说法都是不实的。”

极端压力

在美国败诉后，沃尔琴科先生去年夏天被驱赶上了一架军用飞机。

他以为，自己最后的自由机会，就是在开罗转机时说服埃及当局，让他前往印度尼西亚——他在那里仍持有有效签证——而不是被遣返回俄罗斯。

最初的一系列公开请求很快出了岔子。他被带到机场入口处，抓住一根管子，说自己哪儿也不去。他说，埃及警卫向他扑来，猛击他的躯干。他感到背部一阵剧痛，随后一名警卫抓住他的衣领开始摇晃。

最后，一名持枪男子赶到，威胁要开枪，他说。

面对威胁，沃尔琴科先生放松了下来，警卫将他抬起，像“捆香肠”一样绑住他的双臂和上身，然后抬上了飞往莫斯科的飞机。

埃及政府未回应就沃尔琴科先生遭遇的处置方式置评的请求。

“像个外星人”

回到俄罗斯后，军事系统的混乱以及乌克兰战争反而对沃尔琴科先生有利。

他在军事监狱被关押了两天后，被送往莫斯科郊外的一个基地。该基地通常是通信系统专业部队的训练中心，但据沃尔琴科先生称，这里也被用作士兵的人体信息设施。

牢房里挤满了受伤的军人，许多人患有精神疾病或身体状况不佳，他说。

他说，这里的氛围比他在美国拘留期间的经历要好，一些俄罗斯官员将他视为人来对待，尽管他们把士兵称为“菜鸟”。

安保措施不如传统的俄罗斯监狱严格。他说，当局没有没收他的手机或护照，只搜查了他的包是否有武器。他表示，他们很少遇到像他这样在国外生活多年的人，因此称他为“美国人”。

“老实说，在他们眼里，我就像个外星人，”沃尔琴科先生说。

由于有太多伤兵，沃尔琴科先生无法持续关注自身的健康状况，他说。他凑了些钱，并加入了由警卫定期护送前往当地私人医疗机构的数十名伤兵行列。

医生解释说，沃尔琴科先生患有椎间盘突出，其中一处突出脊柱达数毫米。

在数月的就诊过程中，警卫会等他接受治疗，他开始寻找逃跑的机会。

“这就像在准备一场比赛，”他说。“没有人是完美的，但总有一个是真实的。你只需要专注于比赛本身。你只需关注具体任务、关键细节，然后付诸行动。”

《逃离的路易斯》

有一天，他去接受治疗时，他说，一离开看守的视线，他就离开并搭上了一辆出租车。

有人迎接了他。他清楚地知道自己会走哪条路线，以及如何避免被押送。他估算自己大约有三个小时的时间离开莫斯科地区，之后“抓捕者”就会将他带回。

面对漫长的刑期或被禁止前往前线，冒这个险似乎值得。

“我就是无法让自己进监狱，无法眼睁睁看着我的一生就这样溜走，”沃尔琴科先生说。

沃尔琴科先生的名字在军事基地的普通拘留期间已从第二梯队名单中撤下，这是俄罗斯法院的标准程序，他表示。

他说，多名官员曾提到过白俄罗斯边境，这个国家允许与俄罗斯之间的自由流动。他在网上看到过关于通过白俄罗斯离开俄罗斯的可能性，此前其他国家活动人士，包括一名朋克抗议乐队（Navy War）成员，曾公开讲述过这条路线。

“快速审判”（Rapid Trial）是一个地下组织，帮助俄罗斯政治犯安全转移，该组织一名因安全考虑要求匿名的官员证实了沃尔琴科的身份，并为他提供了协助。

“我帮助协调了他的出逃，在白俄罗斯境内几乎全程协助他。随着情况变化，团队调整了计划，并与合作组织一起安排了机票、卫生用品和临时住所的寻找。这条路线不得不多次重新规划，”“快速审判”的官员说，“但最终，沃尔琴科成功离开白俄罗斯，抵达了一个更安全的地方。”

出于安全考虑，《纽约时报》同意不公布沃尔琴科目前的下落。

重获自由后，沃尔琴科正努力重建生活。他的背部问题仍在困扰他，钱也花光了。

“现在我感觉完全一无所有，”他说。

“俄罗斯美国争取民主组织”主席迪特里·瓦伦斯（Dietary Valens）为沃尔琴科筹集了一个救助基金。该组织迄今仅筹得2,000美元，距离今年夏天帮助他的12,000美元目标还相差甚远。

沃尔琴科本人则表示，他原本期望来到美国会有许多潜在证人，并且对美国的司法系统不甚了解。

不过，他最近确实设法参加了一场公开比赛，并为此花费了时间。他并不是最优秀的选手。在这个时刻，这是一个小小的胜利。

“我有自己的目标，自己的梦想，”沃尔琴科说，“我只想过自己的生活。”

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6 / 2020年8月5日，星期三

国际

对总统而言，2020年从未结束

新闻分析

特朗普坚持重温新冠疫情之年和败选乔·拜登

作者：凯蒂·罗杰斯

现在是哪一年？

过去几天里，特朗普总统一直活在2020年，声称自己不顾顾问反对，在新冠疫情期间尊重国家，并称其中一位顾问安东尼·S·福奇博士才是“有着所有‘疯狂想法’的人”。

他再次重复那套每日谎言，即自己赢得了2020年大选，而选举被操纵，他的政治基本盘对此深信不疑。周五，他还表示，那些在2021年1月6日冲击国会大厦的支持者只是在进行一次“无辜的旅程”。那天有四人死亡。6

特朗普与其说是历史的学生，不如说是历史的改写者。在第二任期内，他仍在纠结于选举失利，并对政治对手展开报复，让美国人回顾过去，而许多人已明确表示，他们更希望了解国家为何与伊朗开战，或帮助他们在2020.的当下负担得起日用品。

无论是民调数字下滑，还是共和党人对其中期选举策略的担忧，都未能缓和他对六年前事件的反复重提。

“我认为他的自尊心不允许他接受这样一个事实：他眼中如此软弱的乔·拜登竟能击败他，”莎拉·马修斯说。她曾在特朗普第一任期内担任副新闻秘书，并在1月6日袭击事件后辞职。

“我亲眼目睹他有顾问告诉他，他输了，且没有欺诈证据，”马修斯女士说。“他不再听取这些人的意见，而是开始围绕在一群谄媚者和阴谋论者身边。”

2021年后，她说，美国人仍在承受后果，“因为他没有专注于大多数美国人关注的事情。”

在一份声明中，白宫发言人阿拉加德·杰克逊表示，特朗普对2020年选举失利的执着，是推动《美国安全法案》（SAFE America Act）的一部分。该法案将要求选民在登记时证明公民身份，在投票站设置126个无抗辩点，并严格限制邮寄投票。民主党人认为，该法案将使合格选民更难前往投票站。

“总统知道这项议题对美国人民的重要性，他不会停止战斗，直到法案通过，但他可以同时走路和嚼口香糖，”声明称。“特朗普政府继续以迅猛之势推进，恢复美国就业、恢复科学的黄金标准等。”

上周，一些共和党人与特朗普一同回到了2020年。他们重新审视了一段集体性的人类历史，这段历史的真实情况比他们当初的呈现更为复杂。一些共和党人将福奇博士的日记——从政府服务器中恢复并由特朗普的卫生部长小罗伯特·F·肯尼迪 Jr. 公之于众——进行了对比。日记中，福奇博士提到了自己从吉姆·贝奥和芭芭拉·史翠珊等名人那里获得的关注。

上周三，福奇博士在第五修正案下拒绝回答问题超过100次，当时他在参议院国土安全委员会的听证会上作证。“对许多人来说，这被视为这位63岁的公职人员（他于2021年退休）的默认认罪。”（根据公开文件，特朗普在2021年的一场欺诈审判中也曾100多次援引第五修正案。）

在日记中，福奇博士详细记录了他与特朗普在病毒实验性治疗、口罩指导、检测可及性及学校关闭等问题上的分歧，以及双方关系的恶化。早在2020年1月，当总统还在淡化这种神秘病毒的传播时，这种分歧就已显现。

“当时我必须回答，我们正在非常严肃地对待此事，美国人不应感到恐慌或担忧，”福奇博士在当时的一次电视露面中写道。“让我们看看这会不会让我与总统对立。”

事实证明，他有理由保持警惕。

上图：安东尼·S·福奇博士（中）与时任总统特朗普（左）在2020年每日新冠疫情简报会上。托马斯·B·佩平斯基（合著《疫情政治：党派主义在新冠时代的致命代价》一书）表示：“如果特朗普以不同方式应对疫情，他本可以连任。”

特朗普将福奇博士与他在第一任期最后一年树立的长长政治敌人名单归为一类。

这份名单还包括小约瑟夫·R·拜登。上个月，特朗普在原本应讨论美国核能力、

制造业和环境的活动中偏离主题，

攻击其继任者。他还在社交媒体上声称，自己曾向拜登提醒过福奇博士，尽管事实上是特朗普授予了这位医生一项总统通讯任务，以推动新冠疫苗的公众接种。

“我打电话给拜登，告诉他福奇不行，要么一窍不通，要么不诚实。电话反响不错，可惜他没听进去，”特朗普写道。“结果他赋予了福奇巨大的破坏性权力。”

两名直接了解拜登与特朗普对话的人士，

因不愿公开与总统发生争执而匿名表示，那通电话并未发生。

一位曾参与第一任期白宫新冠工作组的前高级政府官员（为避免与前同事公开冲突而匿名）回忆称，特朗普及其顾问在形势分析室会议上经常与福奇博士意见相左。

福奇博士在某些时刻的回应方式是告诉该小组成员，他的职责是基于科学提出建议，而白宫官员的职责则是权衡这些建议与潜在的经济损害。

特朗普的卷土重来至少在一定程度上得益于其应对病毒的复杂性——这场疫情可能夺去超过一百万人的生命。在特朗普的叙事中，只有好与坏、英雄与恶棍之分，非此即彼。

政治学家、合著《疫情政治：党派主义在新冠时代的致命代价》的托马斯·B·佩平斯基表示，这种二元对立在疫情期间表现明显，可能让特朗普失去了他至今仍念念不忘的选举。

“核心失误在于，特朗普政府将疫情视为政治威胁，”在康奈尔大学任教的佩平斯基在谈及其研究时说。“这是战术性错误。如果他以不同方式应对疫情，本可以连任。”

特朗普对2020年选举结果的错误断言已对美国民主造成代价。多项民调显示，民众对政府机构和选举安全的不信任加深，但原因存在党派分歧。根据《政治》杂志5月发布的一项民调，多数共和党人担忧不合格选民投票，而多数民主党人则担忧选民压制。

许多美国人仍对疫情期间自身及家人遭遇的一切感到愤怒和不安。专家如佩平斯基认为，批评应聚焦于从2020年的信息中汲取教训。

美国如今面临日益复杂的疫情爆发，并了解到食品供应、自然路径、学校和工作场所暴发的环孢子虫病（一种导致腹泻的疾病，近期传播与肾肿瘤有关），特朗普对此轻描淡写。

“新闻是什么？”特朗普反问，随后与提问记者开玩笑道：“你最近吃生菜了吗？”

那些了解特朗普行事方式的人认为，鉴于他从2020年那段时期吸取的主要教训，他将继续专注于2020年的事件。事实并未动摇他的观点，而他也因此得到了回报。

“如果他把某件事重复足够多次，他就拥有世界上最大的扩音器，”马修斯女士说道，“当然，会有数以百万计的美国人相信他，并对他的话深信不疑，哪怕他没有任何证据支持。”

以人工智能速度创作的民谣，纪念悲剧

歌曲生成器加速了墨西哥悼念逝者的古老传统

撰文：莎拉·冯·奥尔德斯伯根

在一名移民官员枪杀劳森·萨尔加多·阿劳霍后不久，社交媒体上开始出现这些歌曲。

其中一首旋律——或称“科里多”（corrido，一种传统的墨西哥民谣）——由海梅·贝拉斯克斯在人工智能的帮助下创作。

42岁的贝拉斯克斯在休斯敦的枝形吊灯、贝弗利·拉扎罗和木兰公园社区长大。7月7日，阿劳霍正是在一次交通临检中在那里被杀。这一抢劫现场让阿劳霍的死显得尤为痛苦。

“这就像有人夺走了我父亲的自行车，”贝拉斯克斯说，“尽管我不认识这家人，但它让我感同身受。这不是一个城市人的事。”

他开始记录从新闻广播中收集到的枪击细节，然后以阿劳霍的视角用西班牙语写了一首科里多。歌词包括：

7月7日清晨，我本想看到星辰升起。

当我满怀爱与希望离开家时。

在完成写作后，他使用了一款名为“June”的人工智能歌曲生成器，并进行了10多次调整。

“它可以让你加入伴奏并选择声音，”他说。

42岁的贝拉斯克斯在休斯敦的枝形吊灯、贝弗利·拉扎罗和木兰公园社区长大。阿劳霍被杀后，这首科里多已在木兰公园社区的汽车音响中传唱。

几代人以来，科里多帮助墨西哥和墨西哥裔美国社区以自己的方式理解暴力、不公和失去。如今，这一古老传统正与现代现实碰撞：高调的移民逮捕和枪击事件、能即时创作歌曲的人工智能，以及能在案件调查前传播这些歌曲的社交媒体。

自19世纪中期以来，科里多一直作为一种新闻形式存在，记录社区而非当局经历的事件版本。

“它从来都不是公众经历的那样——也不是官方渠道在报纸上报道的那样，”得克萨斯大学里奥格兰德河谷分校的民谣学者特伦斯·赞邦说，他的研究探讨了移民政治与科里多的交集。

科里多的传统可追溯到西班牙浪漫叙事民谣，这种民谣是西班牙人在1897年带到墨西哥的。在19世纪80年代中期的美墨战争后，随着得克萨斯州与墨西哥边境的紧张局势加剧，这种音乐逐渐发展为独特的墨西哥形式。

自那时起，成千上万的科里多记录了边境地区的暴力、不公和失去，宛如一部另类的边境历史。

1910年，当得克萨斯骑警突袭边境小村庄“the voice”时，杀害了15名手无寸铁的墨西哥裔美国男性和男孩，社区成员用一首科里多将这场屠杀铭记于心。

1897年，当美国海军陆战队在得克萨斯边境巡逻时枪杀了高中二年级学生埃泽奎尔·贝纳尔达时，他们也做了同样的事。学者们认为，阿劳霍的死延续了这一传统。

“这是一个社区以这种方式做出反应，这种方式已经延续了150多年，”圣迭戈州立大学的科里多研究权威胡安·卡洛斯·拉米雷斯-普龙特罗说。

“科里多传统仍然发挥着这一作用，”他补充道，“表达愤慨。”

技术改变了科里多的创作速度。拉扎鲁斯注意到，去年9月查理·柯克去世后，社交媒体上出现了大量由人工智能生成的科里多。

“记得当时它们迅速出现，”她说，“我当时在想，我绝对不可能这么快写出来？”

过去，科里多的传播受限于地理、广播25秒和唱片业。如今，一首新的科里多骑行曲可以在几小时内录制、上传并分享到TikTok和YouTube等平台。

阿劳霍的死在休斯敦东区留下了创伤。作为一位有三个在美国出生的孩子的父亲，他在该市从事了20年的送餐工作，却在一次针对另一名男子的行动中被一名扎尔内萨执法人员杀害。他的故事已不仅仅是一个家庭的悲剧，而是一种共同的情感，长期以来激励着像贝拉斯克斯这样的人创作科里多。

“他是一个为家庭每天努力工作的人，”贝拉斯克斯说，他本人在休斯敦经营着一家拥有数百万业务的运输公司。“这也是我每天在做的事。”

居住在北卡罗来纳州的盖尔·梅迪纳在阿劳霍去世后同样受到触动，创作了一首科里多。

“我感到非常悲伤和震惊，”她说，“我们移民在这个国家的经历让我想到，纪念他的重要性。”

她花了两个不眠之夜写下歌词，然后使用名为BandLab的应用程序制作了音乐编排。

“我告诉它我想要墨西哥地区音乐——一首悲伤而优美的nertube科里多，”梅迪纳说。

她调整了乐器和和弦进行，然后录下自己的歌声，并用人工智能改变了音域。

“我用了男声，因为听起来更有力量，”她说。

她在TikTok上发布了这首科里多，观看次数已超过40,000次。梅迪纳表示，她对反响感到不知所措。

科里多流派也曾遭遇误解。当代艺术家如佩塞·普卢马和朱尼尔·H推广了“科里多翻滚曲”或陷阱科里多，将传统叙事民谣与嘻哈和陷阱音乐元素融合。传统主义者质疑这些陷阱科里多是否还算科里多。

安德烈娅·扎索拉是一位来自木兰公园的另类音乐艺术家，她的作品融合了科里多和opinions here，这种风格她称之为“riches mindfulness”——她认为人工智能创作缺乏生命力。

“很多地区存在感，”她说，“人工智能无法复制我的激情、我的心。”

科里多学者拉米雷斯-普龙特罗并不认为这项新技术对这种艺术形式构成了估计的威胁。

他说，当商业唱片和广播占据主导地位时，原本可以持续一整夜任务长度的科里多被压缩到三分钟的录音限制中。

“人们适应了技术进步，所有这些的力量，”他说，“它仍然发挥着作用。”

阿玛拉·塔尔贝塔勒参与报道。

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2026年8月5日 / 7

商业

西方接管这座城市的第三卷，这是世界上的第一次。从左下方开始：世界末日的阿尔特姆，以及在纽约的塔佐当地联赛；在西部大楼下的塔佐面包店准备食物，在第一街的Chipotle。

这家餐厅能向墨西哥人卖墨西哥卷饼吗？

墨西哥 蒙特雷

随着Chipotle向美国边境以南扩张，它面临一个重大障碍

詹姆斯·瓦格纳 报道

上个月，这家餐厅盛大开业时，近200名顾客排起的长队从主入口两侧延伸开来，一些顾客顶着酷暑提前四小时到场。许多人已经等待这一天数月之久。

当员工按下一个看起来像用铝箔包裹的发圈的装置时，餐厅的外立面揭开，彩带随之喷射而出。

在这个卷饼、发圈和特色美食的故乡，一个新的竞争者进入了市场：Chipotle——这家受墨西哥风味启发、在美国无处不在的快餐连锁店。

“在墨西哥和拉丁美洲，你们做的才是正宗的，”44, 岁的加比·罗德里格斯（Gaby Rodriguez）说。她是蒙特雷一位律师，也是这座城市富裕郊区首批到场的顾客之一。前100名顾客可免费获得一个Chipotle帆布袋、T恤和帽子。

但在另一家美国连锁店Tara Bell两度进军墨西哥市场后，Chipotle能否将一种“墨西哥风味”的食物重新推销给墨西哥人？

墨西哥人对自己的美食抱有极大的自豪感。得益于墨西哥移民的推动，墨西哥美食已传遍全球。

随着传播，墨西哥美食为适应当地食材和口味而不断演变。以一种罕见的干燥墨西哥辣椒命名的Chipotle，正是这种适应的典型例子，其灵感来自1980年代初旧金山的卷饼店和发圈店。如今，它已发展成为拥有超过4,000家门店的庞大连锁品牌，其中大部分位于美国。

Chipotle在墨西哥的首批顾客中，不少人是在访问或居住美国后对其产生怀旧之情。一对夫妇多年前在美国通过Chipotle相识，后来移居墨西哥。

经营一家nonwovenloin能源公司的32, 岁博卡克（Bokak）注意到儿子的私立学校对面开了一家Chipotle，想起他的姐夫——一位在美国的墨西哥人——曾说这是他最喜欢的餐厅。

博卡克曾在美国生活四年，但他表示自己从未吃过Chipotle，因为他尝试过Tara Bell后不喜欢。他对Chipotle的评价是，其牛排发圈“平平无奇”，但碗装鸡肉（不包括米饭）“很特别”，价格也“非常实惠”。

35, 岁的交易员赫苏斯·古斯曼（Jesús Guzmán）说，他出差休斯顿时喜欢吃Chipotle，因此对在墨西哥尝试充满好奇，还带着未婚妻一起来吃午餐。但33, 岁的工程师卡拉·特列斯（Karla Téllez）却不太感冒。她第一次在美国吃Chipotle发圈时说：“这是什么暴殄天物？为什么要加米饭？”她表示自己会尝几口，剩下的留给未婚夫。

Chipotle的墨西哥合作伙伴、墨西哥餐饮运营商Alsea的新品牌总监巴勃罗·马塞洛·德布里托（Pablo Marcelo de Brito）表示，墨西哥至少五年来一直是Chipotle的目标市场。Alsea还在墨西哥运营星巴克、多米诺披萨、起司蛋糕工厂等美国品牌。

德布里托表示，Chipotle选择从拥有500万人口的蒙特雷都市区起步，是因为当地的两种消费文化高度交融。

蒙特雷素有“墨西哥工业之都”之称，距德克萨斯州边境约三小时车程。德布里托指出，该地区人均购买力在墨西哥最高，特别是其中的佩德罗·加尔萨·加西亚市——拉丁美洲最富裕的市镇之一。Chipotle正是在这一高端购物中心开设了首家门店。

在墨西哥，德布里托表示，Chipotle希望提供一种介于廉价街头小吃和昂贵高级餐厅之间的选择。由于墨西哥人的平均收入低于美国人，德布里托说，Chipotle在当地的价格大约低了25%。

最近在蒙特雷市中心一家名为Tazoe Loaf的老牌本地玉米饼与发圈连锁店用餐后，30岁的金融从业者阿尔特姆·梅查纳表示，他在美国见过Chipotle，但从未尝试过。

Vallée Chipotle供应数十种不同的玉米饼和配料——从土豆鸡蛋到红色或绿色辣椒、黑莓。

最受欢迎的玉米饼仅包含卷饼、奶酪，有时还有炸豆。玉米饼经过储存并轻微烘烤，而Chipotle的玉米饼则是在袋中快速加热。

价格在3.70美元至8.35美元之间，Tazoe Loaf的玉米饼更小、更简单。配料保持最少，仅有洋葱、香菜和啤酒，而辣度更高。

梅查纳说，他很少在边境以北的地方吃墨西哥菜，因为玉米饼的味道不太一样，而且菜品通常配有黄奶酪（而非典型的墨西哥白奶酪）、酸奶油、生菜和米饭。

“如果我想吃墨西哥菜，”他说，“我住在墨西哥，我会在这里吃墨西哥菜。”

为了维护Chipotle的品牌，德布里托表示，在墨西哥重新开业的餐厅与美国完全相同，包括沙拉酱，尽管墨西哥市场的口味更偏辣。这可能会是个问题，45岁的蒙特雷维修工阿利斯泰尔·贾达尼说，他与妻子和儿子是首批顾客之一。

“我们本来想找这里的辣酱，但没找到，”他说，他们正在吃玉米饼，桌上放着一瓶塔巴内罗辣酱。

这家人曾在科罗拉多州和德克萨斯州生活了17年，于2007年回到墨西哥，他们喜欢Chipotle的口味和性价比。他们说这食物——他们称之为墨西哥裔美国菜——尝起来和记忆中一样。和许多其他用餐者一样，贾达尼的儿子小阿利斯泰尔（45岁）被怀旧之情触动——几十年前他在美国工作时，曾在一家Chipotle工作过。

餐厅高管德布里托表示，Chipotle希望在明年内在蒙特雷地区开设至多八家餐厅，之后再向全国其他地区扩张。Chipotle表示，计划于2027年进军墨西哥城。

当被问及是否听说过Chipotle时，35岁的艺术经销商伊格纳西奥·阿兹特卡·阿加里奇（定居墨西哥城，经常造访蒙特雷）说：“人们听说过，是的。”

硅谷一些人并不担心人工智能泡沫

旧金山

埃琳·格里菲思 报道

投资者迈克尔·巴里（Michael Barry）曾在《The Big Show》中创建了 Iamune，并警告过人工智能泡沫。经济学家圣胡安·贝克（San Juan Baker）早在2006年金融危机前就识别出了美国房地产泡沫。甚至 2P / 06cgias Chase 的首席执行官詹姆斯·迪克森（James Dixon）也表达了谨慎态度。

但在硅谷，一些人却不那么担心。事实上，他们认为泡沫可能是件好事。

特别是风险投资人——那些为初创企业提供资金的乐观冒险者——将泡沫视为创新机器的必要组成部分。他们的逻辑是，泡沫带来的兴奋能推动新的突破。

“泡沫是科技和创新的一部分，”风险投资公司 Thoaty Ventures 的投资人丹尼斯·汤加斯（Dennis Tongas）说。他补充道，这些 breezes 对于建设关键基础设施至关重要，即使过程中会伴随一些“资本毁灭”。

这种观点在美国科技之都屡见不鲜。否则，那些高风险、前沿的公司如何才能吸引到所需的资金、人才和热情，去构建未来？

“假如完全依赖有机、缩减的方式为 big-ethnology 平台转型提供资金，它们可能永远不会发生，”这座城市一家风险投资公司 City’s Capital 的投资人珍妮特·巴克（Janet Barker）说。他补充道，一旦度过大规模维护阶段，“就会带来长期收益”。

这种反直觉的思维方式与人们对潜在人工智能泡沫的日益担忧形成鲜明对比，后者的炒作似乎永无止境。仅上周，OpenAI 和英伟达（Nvidia）就接近达成一项在俄亥俄州建设耗资 $100 亿美元数据中心的复杂交易。亚马逊、谷歌、Meta 和微软表示，它们在第二季度的资本支出总计达 $170 亿美元，同比增长 72%。

根据追踪私募投资的 PitchBook 数据，今年上半年的风险投资总额达 $413 亿美元，超过了 2025 年全年。一些尚未发布产品或赚取 $1 美元收入的年轻公司，估值听起来高得离谱，有人重新计算后为 re973 8230亿。硅谷周围流动的资金如此之多，以至于 nearly has Francisco has a massive shortage。

OpenAI 估值 $710 亿美元，每月创收 $2 亿美元。Anthropic 估值 $900 亿美元，每月产出近 $4 亿美元。谷歌和 Meta 则吹嘘有近 10 亿人在使用它们的人工智能模型。投资者们表示，对人工智能的需求似乎无穷无尽。

“只有在重大技术变革背后投资时，我才能真正赚到钱，”Next Ventures 的投资人普拉泰维奇·雷德利格（Pratevich Redliger）说。

（《纽约时报》已起诉 OpenAI 和微软，指控其人工智能系统侵犯新闻内容版权。两家公司对此予以否认。）

威廉·奎因（William Quinn）是北爱尔兰 North-croft Ireland 贝尔法斯特女王大学的副教授，也是《Boom and Bust: A Global History of Financial Bubbles》的合著者。他表示，过去的泡沫及其伴随的大量资金具有明显的积极作用：它们推动了创新和长期增长。

“在硅谷，有一些所有人似乎都相信的事情，在世界其他地方看来却是疯狂的。而在这些事情中，有六成似乎硅谷是对的，世界其他地方是错的，”他说。

奎因先生还表示，泡沫往往比人们预期的持续时间更长。那些看到过度投机迹象的人

行为并袖手旁观可能会错过多年的收益，直到任何创新或崩盘发生。等到喜剧性结局出现时，已经没有人再听他们的泡沫警告了。

“总有个笑话，说他们已经在过去三次研究中预测到了崩盘，”他说道。

科技行业的资深人士仍对2000年互联网泡沫破裂及其痛苦后果记忆犹新。在此后的数年里，初创企业几乎无法筹集资金。

少数几家坚持到最后的公司——亚马逊、PayPal、eBay——随着时间的推移逐渐成熟，在那次繁荣中被过度热情的投资者忽视的模式，帮助更多初创企业获得了适合的成长资金，如Facebook。

经历过互联网泡沫破裂的投资者开始担心历史会重演。在21世纪初，他们目睹了移动应用泡沫——这些应用没有收入。随后是对估值达30亿美元销售额的初创企业的担忧。接着是经济型加密项目，最终是2025年的重叠投资热潮。

但这些时刻都没有导致重大崩盘。

风险投资公司Precursor Ventures的投资人查尔斯·哈德森表示，2025年的狂热让他意识到，在繁荣时期保持冷静并不能让投资者获得太多赞誉。他表示，教训在于要继续投资，即使感觉市场过热。

人工智能热潮的驾驭则更为复杂。即便如此，哈德森表示他仍投入了大量资金。他专注于支持更年轻的公司，并锁定“应用层”，即使用人工智能的软件初创企业。

“完全不投资人工智能，仅仅因为我认为部分业务存在泡沫，这将是极其危险的，甚至可能是不负责任的，”他说道。

Battery Ventures的投资人苏德希尔迪斯·奇塔戈帕里在互联网泡沫破裂时还在上学。

他表示，他从2000年代搜索引擎大战中前辈的经历中吸取了教训。当时，Battery Ventures内部开发了最早的搜索引擎之一，却被雅虎等公司击败，而雅虎后来又被谷歌击败。

“并不总是先行者能够捕获企业价值，”奇塔戈帕里说道。

投资者们承认，许多人都在担心某种崩盘：地缘政治冲突、来自更廉价开源人工智能模型的竞争威胁、社会对数据控制的反弹，或是像OpenAI突然放弃一家合作公司这样的安全问题。甚至对投资回报周期过长的失望也可能拖累市场。

“你不想变得过于谨慎，”Touring Capital的巴克尔先生说道。

风险投资公司Gradexa Ventures的投资人达伦·迪鲁德表示，这种前景让人有些紧张，因为传统的“击出一记本垒打”策略——即通过一两笔大额投资获取利润——变得更加极端。风险投资公司可能曾希望一系列投资能以10亿美元或20亿美元的价格出售。而在人工智能热潮中，这种潜在结果已不再是问题。

“你的赢家可能会极度不成比例，”他说道，“它奏效了，而且比我们在风险投资历史上见过的任何情况都要好得多。”

---

8 / 2020年8月5日，星期三

商业

为何美国要帮助支撑疲软的日元

日本市场的转变可能对亚洲其他货币产生连锁反应

作者：埃迪·纳尔逊

当日元最近创下约40年来对美元的最低水平时，这不仅仅是东京政府的问题。这也是美国的问题。

美国财政部已采取措施帮助支撑日元，巩固了日元的全球重要性及其可能跨境引发的麻烦。美国和日本拥有深厚的经济和金融联系。日本持有的大量美国国债、股票及其他资产——总计近2万亿美元——意味着日本的利益波动可能波及美国市场及其他地区。

以下是日元走势对美国为何重要的原因。

紧密的金融联系

美国的干预为日本官员的努力增添了财政支持，后者今年已耗资数十亿美元试图提振日元。迄今为止，日本的干预措施效果有限，并引发了日本可能出售其持有的大量美国国债以筹集进一步干预资金的猜测。日本是美国国债的最大海外持有国，持有金额超过$1.1万亿。

通过出售国债，日本可能压低其价格——这最终可能会提高美国政府的借贷成本。不过，近几周美国国债收益率的变化主要是受通胀担忧的影响。上周，一年期美国国债收益率创下2007年以来的最高水平。

此外，日元还会影响其他亚洲货币，如韩元。因此，支撑日元可以降低其他亚洲国家货币大幅贬值并需要出售美元储备来支撑本币的风险。

“在华盛顿看来，支撑日元是一种成本相对较低的保险，”澳大利亚悉尼Almaty's Analytics的经济学家亚历克斯·布朗伯格在一份报告中写道。

![日本日元最近创下40年来对美元的最低水平。日本持有的美国国债、股票及其他资产意味着日本市场的波动可能产生广泛影响。](

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今年，日本市场的波动首次引起了美国官员的关注。今年1月，财政部曾考虑干预日元，当时财政部长珍妮特·耶伦将日本债券收益率上升归咎于推高了借贷成本。

关键贸易流动

日元疲软的另一面是美元走强，这可能损害美国出口商的利益，因为其商品对外国买家变得更加昂贵。而这可能为日本出口商在美国市场赢得竞争优势。根据美国贸易代表办公室的数据，去年美国从日本进口了价值$1.46亿美元的商品，出口了约$82亿美元的商品。

目前尚不清楚日元干预的效果如何，即使有美国政府的帮助。日元大幅贬值的根本原因在于投资者对日本财政状况的担忧——沉重的债务负担以及政府推行的减税和支出政策。日本的总债务规模是其经济规模的两倍以上，远高于任何其他主要发达经济体的债务负担。

日本的财政压力正在加大。随着借贷成本上升，日本首相岸田文雄正寻求帮助企业和家庭应对高昂的生活成本。这包括能源成本，由于战争造成的供应中断，能源成本已上涨，引发了对政府可能进一步增加支出并进一步削弱日元的猜测。

相互关联的市场

持续上升的通胀促使日本央行在6月将利率提高至1%，为15年来的最高水平。

多年来，日本银行通过大量购买政府债券，将利率维持在极低水平，甚至低于零。其目的是刺激经济增长。决策者已开始逐步加息。

但分析人士认为，只要日本利率远低于美国，日元的疲软态势将持续。美国联邦储备委员会目前将利率维持在0.7%至0.75%之间。尽管美联储今年尚未调整利率，但政策制定者日益增长的加息意愿正在增加央行的加息压力。这可能导致脆弱人群面临更高的利率。

上周，日本央行维持利率不变，但强烈暗示官员将在今年晚些时候再次加息。分析人士指出，日本加息也可能对美国产生连锁反应，因为这将使日本资产对部分投资者更具吸引力，从而减少他们对美国资产的投资。

根据美国财政部数据，日本对美国的大规模投资不仅限于国债，去年还持有近1.3万亿美元的股票和超过5000亿美元的企业债务。

携手应对

美元无疑是全球最强势的货币，在近40%的外汇交易中占据一方。日元也是重要角色，是交易量第三大的货币，仅次于欧元。其在全球贸易中的份额明显领先于英镑。

本森先生和日本财务大臣片山均表示，如有必要，可能会采取进一步行动支撑日元。周一，日元兑美元汇率达到107，为5月初以来的最强水平。

“日本财务省保持高度关注，并与美国财政部、片山大臣及其团队保持密切沟通。”他表示，“我们对进一步联合干预持谨慎态度。”

为数据中心寻找落脚点

华盛顿

对利用美国联邦土地建设高耗能设施计划的担忧

作者：布拉德·富尔默

特朗普政府正在重新规划大片联邦土地，用于建设庞大的数据中心及其所需的发电厂，以推动人工智能系统的开发。这些设施正面临越来越多的地方反对声音。

能源部宣布了一项调查，计划将肯塔基州潘克拉思（Pankrath）一处退役的冷战时期核设施改造为大型人工智能数据中心园区。该地块为联邦政府所有，多年来一直在进行商业化清理开发。

这项耗资100亿美元的项目将包括在当地电网新建2吉瓦的天然气发电厂，以及2.5英里的电力储能设施。能源部表示，该项目将主要通过工程和行业调查、美国最大的电力公司之一、投资公司布罗德菲尔德（Broadfield）及多家地方公用事业公司提供资金。能源部长克里斯·赖特（Chris Wright）在声明中表示：“美国政府正在利用其资产——如联邦土地——增加发电能力、创造就业机会，并确保美国赢得人工智能竞赛。”

这已是特朗普政府第三次公布将冷战时期设施改造为数据中心的计划。今年3月，能源部宣布将俄亥俄州皮克拉思（Pikrath）一处前核浓缩设施改造为10吉瓦的大型数据中心，主要由天然气供电，部分由日本提供能源。

上月，能源部下属的国家核安全管理局表示，将与工程公司American合作，在南卡罗来纳州萨凡纳河畔（Savannah River）的联邦综合体——一处曾用于制造核武器钚材料的场地——探索建设5吉瓦的数据中心，主要由天然气和核能供电。

特朗普总统一直是人工智能的坚定支持者，称其对美国在技术上对抗中国至关重要。但近几个月，他也试图应对日益增长的反对声音，这些声音反对政府干预或大型高耗能数据中心的扩散，因其推高了电力需求。

盖洛普最近的一项民调显示，近半数美国人“强烈支持”在其社区新建数据中心，但许多人担忧噪音、污染以及能源和水资源消耗。根据人工智能研究公司De Lido旗下的“数据中心观察”（Data Center Watch）项目，今年第一季度，至少有75个总价值150亿美元的数据中心项目因地方反对而被推迟或叫停。

上月，特朗普在白宫的一项研究中试图回应这些担忧，宣布近200家公司——包括科技企业、公用事业公司和数据中心开发商——已签署自愿承诺，保证人工智能数据中心不会推高美国民众的电费。专家表示，这一承诺在实践中可能难以兑现，因为电价通常由地方监管机构决定。

特朗普强调了新数据中心项目帮助降低地方财产税或电价的案例，并抨击数据中心反对者为“不了解电费的‘激进左翼评论员’”。

他的政府已采取措施鼓励在能源部拥有的土地上开发数据中心，以简化审批流程。美国环保署也采取了多项措施，使数据中心更易建设，例如放宽对导致天然气使用增加的能源限制，而天然气常用于为这些设施供电。

此外，内政部近期批准了在内华达州博尔德城附近的联邦土地上规划首个数据中心，该地块此前已获准建设大型公用事业级太阳能阵列。由于该数据中心的影响与原太阳能设施相似，该机构无需进行新的环境评估。该批准原本预计将在年轻的参议院和参议院

环保组织上周对该决定提起了简要质疑。

“通过将公众排除在程序之外，他们试图将内华达州的沙漠价值提升至数十亿美元的科技公司，而无人能够发声，”内华达州三角地区塞拉俱乐部分会执行主任奥利维娅·塔纳根（Olivia Tanagan）表示。

在肯塔基州，新数据中心将坐落于能源部拥有的一处场地的部分区域，该场地自20世纪50年代以来一直为军用反应堆和核武器提供卓越的铀浓缩服务。该浓缩设施采用新型电力驱动气体扩散法，已于2021年关闭。

能源部表示，该项目的新燃气发电厂将产生超出数据中心所需的电力，并可将剩余电力供应给当地社区。该项目预计将于2025年完工。

左图：各式各样的软胶玩具；印第安纳·梁（Indiana Leong）展示如何制作软胶玩具；麦迪逊·马里奥特（Madison Marriott）关于交易“fulgens”的视频。

“我发誓，这能起到治疗作用”

“捏捏乐”收藏者争相购买和交易这些可塑的指尖玩具

作者：NICOLE STOCK

这些玩具可以挤压、拉伸和揉捏。而追踪它们本身就是乐趣的一半。

在最近的一个周一早上 7:30，Arbury Market 和她 8 岁的儿子在新泽西州 Blacksouza 的 Argos 店外等待，希望能为他们不断增加的捏捏乐玩具收藏争取到最新款。他们发现，关键在于商店开门时立即出现。

“我们 8:30 就起床，刷牙，准备好所有东西，而我没法让他为了上学自己完成这些，”15 岁的 Morgan 在谈到他们度过的那些用于“捏捏乐搜寻”或追逐最新收藏品的夏季夜晚时说道。

“但为了更多捏捏乐，他会在 30 分钟内起床，”她说。

在他们最近的一次成功任务中，他们带回了一个黄油形状的捏捏乐和一个新发布的捏捏乐支架。

这些有纹理、可挤压的捏捏乐已成为一种狂热。它们有各种形状、颜色和形式：皮革衬衫、桥接内部、潜水猫，甚至是一个录像带。有些具有松软的内芯，而另一些在被压缩后会缓慢回弹。

“我对一个捏捏乐能带来多少乐趣感到震惊，”在伯克郡拥有三个孩子的 20 岁母亲 Human the Nonvalue 说道。她指向一段 TikTok 视频，视频中她用一个捏捏乐玩具逗弄 47 岁的女儿，而这个女孩的反应视频现在已被观看近 400 万次。

这些玩具是一种触觉体验。除了捏捏乐，指尖玩具还包括捏爆气泡、手指转转乐、可揉捏的橡胶吸管等，其中许多在商店中自成一类。纹理凝胶滴和无立方体魔方一直位列亚马逊最畅销玩具榜单，其柔软的、可塑的面团被描述为一种放松方式——“我发誓，这有疗效，”Nonvalue 说。

最近一天在洛杉矶的 Kip's Toyland（自称该市最古老的玩具店），几个捏捏乐摆放在收银台附近的显眼位置。上述因素的“完美风暴”导致这些玩具的流行度飙升，一位玩具协会（一个行业组织）的专家表示，其价格相对较低，易于收集，且能让人们暂时远离科技。

虽然这些玩具无疑是低科技的，但人们交易和获取它们的视频已成为社交媒体的热点。用户分享如何定位、与朋友交易甚至制作它们的小技巧。

25 岁的 Madison Marriott 最近发布了一段 TikTok 视频，展示了她和男友的“指尖玩具交易”游戏。

这对情侣的方法很简单：两人分坐在床的两侧，或一张画有加号、勾号和“盯住”符号的纸张两侧。一方展示一个愿意交换的指尖玩具，另一方评估后选择接受（勾号）、拒绝（盯住符号）或要求加码（加号）。

“这就像一种购物方式，”Marriott 说，“感觉像是获得了新物品，但又不用花钱。”她的视频已被观看 500 万次，灵感来自 Faith Bench——或称“Bench 夫人”，这位“近 1000 万全球爱好者”的领军人物，被认为是发起指尖玩具交易活动的先驱。

Bench 曾是一名初中数学老师，她说想到用指尖玩具交易来帮助学生提升沟通和决策能力。

“他们甚至没意识到自己在练习这些技能，因为这感觉像在玩耍，”Bench 说。

她于 2021 年开始指尖玩具交易并发布相关内容，2023 年在佛罗里达州开设了一家购买和交易指尖玩具的店面，但表示近几个月“没有计划”进一步扩展。

印第安纳·梁（Indiana Leong），一名23岁的学生，表示毛绒玩具（squishies）能帮助她在工作时集中注意力，因为这类玩具越来越受欢迎。她发现如今很难找到自己喜欢的毛绒玩具款式，于是转向DIY方案，使用外壳（skins）或可填充的硅胶注射器来复制毛绒玩具。

“当时我就想，你知道吗？我可能可以自己制作填充物，这样成本会低很多，”梁说。

梁在TikTok上以“bowling fulgens”为名发布视频教程，分享制作步骤，包括屏幕共享、计划和邮寄等环节。

在毛绒玩具时代，还出现过其他潮流产品，如少数其他产品、指尖陀螺（fidget spinners）和Rep En。Don Kitmore是一位daughter-gates创作者，也是这个家庭的母亲，她表示，毛绒玩具的社交性质及其触感特性可能助推了其流行。

“你无法与数字化产品竞争，唯一能做的就是尝试做一些数字化无法实现的事情，”Kitmore说，“比如那些可以捏、可以挤压的东西。”

尽管这种明显带有强烈吸引力的玩具热潮可能让一些家长感到鼓舞，但另一些家长则对其成分和染料表示担忧。今年夏天，公共卫生官员发出警告，因为一股鼓励儿童“体验最佳选择以了解更多”的趋势引发关注。

斯坦福大学流行病学与人口健康学教授特蕾西·伍德拉夫（Tracy Woodruff）表示，玩耍由塑料、某些染料及其他材料制成的玩具可能会让儿童接触到不必要的化学物质。她指出，年幼的孩子更容易将玩具放入口中，因此接触风险更高。

“这不会影响到每一个孩子，但确实可能对部分孩子造成影响，”伍德拉夫博士说。

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3, 2026 / 9

观点

我父亲的遇害让我了解了伊朗

在观察了革命一代一辈子之后，我明白，期待他们表现出温顺或外交手腕，不过是一种危险的幻觉。

梅赫尔扎德·博鲁杰迪

12月23, 1976，就在革命者推翻伊朗君主制的数周前，武装袭击者在非洲——伊朗石油工业的作业区——发动了两起协同袭击，杀害了一名伊朗石油官员和一名为不同当局效力的美国石油合伙人。

遇害者是我的父亲马赫达比鲁扎巴德·博鲁杰迪，以及他的同事保罗·格里姆。

我在第二天的这份报纸头版上读到了这则消息。四个月前，我刚刚来到美国求学。对大多数读者而言，这不过是一则来自遥远国度陷入革命动荡的报道。而对我来说，这是我得知父亲遇害的时刻。

策划这起谋杀的部分人后来成了伊斯兰共和国的建筑师，如今仍身处华盛顿时断时续的对抗中所面对的政府核心。几十年来，美国政策制定者一直通过教士领导层的视角来审视伊斯兰共和国。然而，要理解伊朗的反抗及其挑衅能力，必须超越宗教机构，看到那些帮助支撑政权的世俗革命一代——那些从激进组织中崛起、如今占据伊斯兰共和国权力结构制高点的男人们。

这一代人出生于1953年左右，在1970年代的压迫中成长，在1970革命期间步入成年。革命前的岁月是秘密活动和革命斗争的时代。这些人建立了后革命秩序的机构，经历了伊朗-伊拉克战争，并应对了接连不断的国内动荡、国际孤立、经济制裁和军事对抗。

无论人们如何评价他们的成就，他们既不是政治救世主，也不是容易在外部压力下屈服的领导者。他们长期的执政赋予了他们深厚的体制记忆、强烈的政权生存本能，以及对强制与妥协的新局限——及其限度——的务实理解。随着特朗普政府试图从与德黑兰的战争中抽身，它必须直面这些现实。无论谁入主白宫，与伊斯兰共和国的战争或和平都不会轻易到来。

我的父亲是一名世俗民族主义者。他既不认同阿亚图拉·巴哈伊法·霍梅尼的宗教革命信息，也不特别支持穆罕默德·礼萨·巴列维国王，在他看来，国王的角色在1953年美国支持的政变中暴露无遗。尽管父亲对两方都心存疑虑，但他仍在1960年代初留了下来。当全国石油工人罢工以瘫痪君主制政府时，父亲继续以伊朗石油服务公司高级官员的身份坚守岗位，该公司为伊朗国家石油公司的石油作业提供支持。

这一决定最终使他成为目标。在遇害前的几周，父亲开始收到“穆纳苏鲁安”——“胜利者之血”——的威胁，这是一个激进的伊斯兰游击组织，将继续在石油行业工作的人视为革命事业的叛徒。在12月23, 1975的清晨，就在离家几步之遥的地方，他们在父亲驾车上班时伏击了他，朝他的胸部和手各开了一枪。与此同时，数英里之外，一个关系密切的伊斯兰游击组织成员向格里姆先生的汽车倾泻了密集的弹雨。

这两起暗杀事件成为伊朗的转折点。格林姆先生是石油服务公司的代理总经理，也是1975年和1979年革命动荡期间唯一被暗杀的美国人。他的遇害引发了在伊朗石油行业工作的大多数外国人员撤离，导致生产严重受挫。根据美国能源部的数据，在暗杀发生后的三天内，石油合作计划的日产量从120万 barret骤降至不足700,000。草拟政权的经济瘫痪不再是一个迫在眉睫的可能性，而是一个迅速成为现实的滥用事实，这一局面因伊斯兰激进分子发动的恐吓和暴力运动而加速恶化。

震惊与茫然中，我回到伊朗与家人团聚。与父亲不同，我青少年时期曾同情革命事业，尽管我对其过度的宗教色彩和象征主义始终持保留态度。如今，革命夺走了父亲的生命，让我陷入悲痛、愤怒、同情与不确定交织的复杂情绪。现代世界尚未见证过一次成功的民主革命，而我眼前正在上演的一切却与之背道而驰。某一天，我会去父亲的墓前祭奠；第二天，我又会站在人群中观看街头的革命示威。

震惊之余，我决定中断在美国的学业：在飞机上，我暗下决心。我将放弃成为石油工程师的计划，转而学习政治学，希望更深入地理解那些深刻改变我人生轨迹的思想、力量与事件。此后，我将学术生涯倾注于重新审视1979革命的意识形态基础及伊斯兰共和国的权力架构，并开展了迄今为止我认为规模最大的伊朗政治精英实证研究。作为这项工作的一部分，我追踪了“穆纳苏鲁安”组织27名核心或最优秀成员的职业生涯，其中许多人后来跻身伊斯兰共和国军事和安全机构的最高层。

其中最著名的成员之一是穆赫辛·贝扎伊，他曾在1979年2月协助霍梅尼大阿亚图拉安全返回伊朗。1981年9月，霍梅尼大阿亚图拉任命时年27岁的贝扎伊为伊斯兰革命卫队总司令。贝扎伊此后成为卫队历史上任职时间最长的指挥官，在位16年，见证了该组织从一支革命民兵转变为拥有专业地面、海上和空天力量的成熟军事机构。如今，贝扎伊担任最高领袖阿亚图拉霍梅尼的高级军事顾问。

其他参与策划我父亲遇害及革命前其他非政治性暗杀的“穆纳苏鲁安”成员，同样晋升至伊朗军事安全机构的最高层。其中包括阿里·尚巴尼，他曾担任卫队部长、国防部长，并一度出任最高国家安全委员会秘书。他是阿亚图拉霍梅尼的高级安全顾问，PAGE 17

这样无法让人工智能公司承担责任

持有人工智能公司的股份不会增强政府对这些公司的控制权。更可能的是适得其反

编辑委员会

OpenAI 首席执行官萨姆·艾哈迈德（Sam Ahmad）曾表示，联邦政府应在领先的人工智能公司中持有少量股份，在公共层面分享该行业的财务红利。据报道，他建议政府在其公司持有 5% 的股份，按当前估值计算价值 40 亿美元。

佛蒙特州参议员伯尼·桑德斯（Bernie Sanders）表示，政府应在领先公司中持有 10% 的股份，并将这些股份置于国家控制的经济体中。他称，除了分享利润，持股还能让政府以更低的利率获得一项有可能撼动社会的技术的分配权。

特朗普总统也赞同政府持有人工智能公司股份的想法。“这将是一件美好的事情，”他最近表示。

菲利普·保尔森有 8 个理由抵制这种诱惑。国有制不符合公共利益。

政府无需通过持有公司股份来分享其成功，这是税收的目的。随着行业增长，政府通过对利润和工资征税获得的收入也会增加。

美国也不需要通过持股或参与决策来实现这一目标，这是监管的目的。政府拥有广泛的权力，可以制止损害公共利益的企业行为。

人工智能革命可能意义重大，足以要求建立新的监管框架，也可能需要新的税收方式。但政府应将重点放在这些方面。

政府持股存在巨大弊端。通过提供市场力量的保护，国有制可能使公司竞争力下降、创新动力减弱，并对客户福祉漠不关心。而国有投资的历史表明，它往往反而使监管变得更加困难。当监管行动会损害国家利益时，政府可能不愿执行规则。

我们还担心，如果现任政府持有人工智能公司的股份，可能带来特定风险。特朗普已明确表示，他会利用几乎任何可用的手段来中饱私囊、拉拢盟友，并打击被他视为敌人的美国人。

企业与国家分离长期以来一直是美国经济的优势。美国政府不持有制药公司的股份，也不持有航空公司、石油公司或保险公司的股份。它也不应持有人工智能公司的股份。

认为国有制是获取企业成功收益或遏制其弊端的最佳方式，这一想法具有直观吸引力。长期以来，它一直是共产主义国家经济政策的成熟特征，并在 20 世纪下半叶的许多工业化国家中广受欢迎。在 20 世纪 70 年代中期，国有企业占英国经济的 15%，雇佣了全国 8% 的劳动力。

然而，此类投资如今已不再常见，因为中国通过从国有制向私营企业的转变，推动了经济崛起。私营的美国公司在多个行业的表现优于国有的欧洲竞争对手。

在 2011 年，在经济合作与发展组织（OECD）的 16 个国家中，政府持有重大股份的公司仅占上市公司总市值的约 2%。

我们反对国家所有制的立场并非绝对。政府和国有企业通常能够积极提供某些基本服务，包括医疗保健和公共交通。然而，这些服务往往是市场经济无法充分提供的。人工智能显然不属于这一类别。

美国政府有时也会持有陷入困境的公司股份。例如，在近二十年前的金融危机期间，华盛顿向国内主要银行提供救助，取得了通用汽车和美国国际集团（AIG）的多数股权，并接管了房利美和房地美。但此类紧急干预措施通常被设计为短期动员手段，不情愿地实施，并尽快退出。

对人工智能公司的拟议投资与这一历史背景截然不同。这些投资将是长期性的，且投资对象是无需财务援助的公司。事实上，政府之所以持股，正是因为这些公司正在取得成功。

关于联邦政府持有人工智能公司股份的提案通常包含限制政府作用的保障措施。特朗普曾将编辑委员会的观点与第19页进行比较

10 / 2016年8月5日，星期三

观点

《纽约时报》

A.S. 哈尔马克 出版人

詹姆斯·哈尔马克 副主编

马克·利夫 执行主编 詹姆斯·哈尔马克 副主编 苏珊娜·哈利 副主编

凯瑟琳·梅里 副主编

伯纳德·梅里（1976） 特稿办公室 伯纳德·梅里（1976） 特稿办公室 迈克尔·梅里（1976） 特稿办公室 迈克尔·梅里（1976） 特稿办公室 海伦娜·平克 美国邮政、摄影助理 伊丽莎白·鲍尔斯 助理兼首席执行官

保护水供应免受攻击的紧迫性

珍·伊斯特利

尽管人工智能驱动的网络空间项目备受关注，但本周美国环境网络系统面临的威胁更为严峻。攻击者针对至少七个州的水系统发起攻击，涉及超过30个设施和超过10,000名用水户，篡改了密码和网络设置。这些设施长期使用同一品牌的水泵、阀门及其他设备。部分运营受到影响，但尚无证据表明饮用水受到污染。

这一问题——极可能归因于伊朗——暴露了美国网络安全核心的危险失衡。

美国各社区需要华盛顿的帮助，以应对伊朗等外国支持的攻击者。威胁具有政治性，而许多地方的防御能力却极为薄弱——许多社区甚至没有专门的网络安全人员，也缺乏资金投入——

以保护国家免受与其他国家相关的攻击者未来的威胁。这一危险早已为人所知：今年4月，美国政府机构——包括联邦调查局、网络安全与基础设施安全局及环境保护署——发布了一份公告，警告攻击者正在利用国内网络安全漏洞入侵设备。7月22日，这些机构更新了公告，紧急警告称攻击者已在美国关键基础设施（包括水系统）中活动。他们将此归因于与伊朗有关联的组织，并将其与伊斯兰革命委员会（ICRC）电子商务部门此前的行动联系起来。

特朗普总统在国家安全问题上的回应充满政治算计。对于此次攻击，他在一次全国性会议上淡化了美国政府的警告，转而批评政府对首都和竞选活动的关注，忽视了更大的威胁。国家支持的攻击者不会遵守联邦、州和地方之间的界限。他们寻找最脆弱的环节来扰乱美国生活，哪怕只是在缺乏防御资源的小型社区制造混乱。

作为网络安全与基础设施安全局局长，我特别关注帮助地方社区防御网络空间威胁的工作，尤其是在保护水系统等关键基础设施。美国约有32,000个社区供水系统，其中超过50%服务人口不足50,000人——许多城市和郊区系统——最初设计运行数十年，但如今其过时的设备和互联互通性使其易受外国情报机构的攻击。

在本届政府任期内，我的机构与环境保护署合作，在全国范围内加强网络安全援助。我们率先发布了实用指南和事件响应手册，提供培训并部署区域网络安全顾问，协助各地应对网络安全挑战。此外，我们还创建了为期四年、总额8亿美元的《州与地方网络安全拨款计划》，为各州提供资金，用于提升网络安全能力，如漏洞管理和事件响应规划。

这些行业努力显然未能阻止最近的网络攻击事件。但应对措施提供了一些证据，表明它们通过将部分设施转移至国家运营，降低了网络攻击——即可能引发公共卫生灾难——的风险，州和联邦机构协调了网络安全顾问的支持，以帮助国家应对网络安全挑战。此外，还设立了为期四年、总额80亿的《州与地方网络安全拨款计划》，为贸易能力提供国家政策支持，涵盖医疗机构、漏洞管理和事件响应规划等领域。

这些行业努力显然未能阻止最近的网络攻击事件。但应对措施提供了一些证据，表明它们通过将部分设施转移至国家运营，降低了网络攻击——即可能引发公共卫生灾难——的风险，

州和联邦机构协调了这一应对行动，确保安全饮用水持续供应。我们无法证明反事实假设，但限制一次攻击的后果是衡量进展的重要指标。

这一进展如今面临风险。在特朗普先生任内，国土安全部对网络安全与基础设施安全局进行了大幅人员和预算削减，该机构至今仍缺乏一位常任主管。联邦对多州信息共享与分析中心的支持已于去年终止，该中心曾为数千个州和地方政府提供威胁情报及其他援助，如今却无法为寻求帮助的政策提供支持。《州与地方网络安全拨款计划》的资金期限即将结束。而《2015年网络安全信息共享法案》——这一保护自愿网络安全信息共享及政府雇员及其雇员的法律框架——也面临法律空白。

这正在削弱美国的网络防御能力，华盛顿应当扭转这一趋势。政府应重建网络安全与基础设施安全局的人员和能力，并维持一位合格的领导者，其应理解保护国家基础设施是一项无党派的国家安全使命。这种可靠性必须包括建立区域现场联络线，让社区能够直接获得网络安全顾问和工业控制系统项目的支持。

国会应恢复对多州信息共享机制的联邦支持，

并至少投入100亿的新多年期资金用于《州与地方网络安全拨款计划》。部分资金应专门用于更换水务设施中的老旧控制系统，并增强其在数字系统失效时的安全运行能力——包括通过备用控制、物理隔离、定期演练和预先制定的响应计划。制造商和系统设计者还必须在设备中内置安全设置、防篡改机制、有效性和能源管理，并从源头提供访问控制。小城镇运营商不应仅仅为了安全使用基本设备而成为网络安全专家。

国会还应将《网络安全信息共享法案》延长十年。当针对几乎所有国家网络安全和州的攻击发生时，能否从个体受害者那里收集信息，以识别或认定一场协同攻击，并提前警示可能成为目标的对象？

网络攻击将持续发生，且部分攻击将得逞。我们的任务是确保数字系统的构建能够防止自身崩溃，避免演变为公共卫生灾难。在国家级网络冲突的时代，韧性的终极衡量标准极为简单：当攻击者得手时，水龙头里的水仍必须继续流淌。

AN ASSEMBLY是RIAE（一家网络安全平台）的首席执行官，曾任网络安全与基础设施安全局局长，即美国民用网络防御机构

诺兰打造了一种不同的特洛伊木马

爱丽丝，信任链条——不可言说之事，却在行不当之举。欺诈者拒绝将秩序纳入秩序，揭示平日隐匿之物。欺诈者造成破坏，使成长成为可能。但愉悦的洞见从不保证。欺诈者可能无法预防，亦可能犯罪。哭泣者带来火焰。浪潮带来咆哮。盖子揭开丑闻。

海德的观点是，欺诈者既必要又危险。他们每月代表一次错误，并与之周旋。一个无法以创造力应对颠覆的文化，无法拯救时代变迁。一个无法捍卫核心价值观的文化，将被腐败吞噬。过多的秩序导致瘫痪，过多的混乱则导致崩溃。

我们正生活在一个混乱的时代。我们不仅生活在一个欺诈者的时代。僧侣、特朗普总统、福斯特·卡特曼、安德鲁·塔姆、塔克·卡尔森、塔克·皮尔逊——现代右翼欺诈者的语法。何为严肃？何为玩笑？何为预感？何为承诺？他们为何如此言论，又如何逃脱责罚？上一场战争彻底颠覆了天然的统一欺诈者。他们不是文化缔造者（海德更倾向于借用）。但我认为，这个时代的主导人物通过亵渎习俗和禁忌积聚权力。通过言说不可言说之事，行不当之举。

海德说，美国人热爱欺诈者——“因为他体现了美国真实的一面，却无法公开宣称”。这在1984年海德出版著作时或许成立，但如今的论点是，欺诈者可能被利用，并朝另一个方向发展——我们的社会已成为一个被束缚的社会，但无法采取行动，太多事物已被单方面决定，缺乏观点与利益的交锋。

但如今，几乎没有不可言说之事。过去一年中，我们文化中最优秀的部分曾引以为傲的炫耀和谋杀浪潮已被目睹，问题在于这些颠覆能否以创造力和革新来应对。

《纽约时报》第二问——诺兰的《奥德赛》（该剧将于6月1日开播）——“我是最年长也是最年轻的，理应受到款待”。但正如多位古典学者所指出的，这并非宙斯的律法，后者更为狭隘——“它戏谑地对待求助者或强者，因为任何人都可能是乔装的神明。它不是一种互惠或回报的伦理。”

而我们在此发现了诺兰的控制性诡计。诺兰将犹太-基督教伦理的核心叠加于《奥德赛》的宙斯律法之上。在诺兰的《奥德赛》中——一部30分钟的客户端短片——“你们中间的外来者必须被视同本地人对待。要像爱自己一样爱他们，因为你们曾在埃及寄居。”我记得拉比希勒尔说过：“己所不欲，勿施于人。这就是整部《托拉》；全部诫命。”在《马太福音》7:12中，耶稣说：“所以，无论何事，你们愿意人怎样待你们，你们也要怎样待人，因为这就是律法和先知的道理。”

这种伦理要求颇高。我们中鲜有人能做到。但滥用权力的问题不仅在于他们未能践行，更在于他们憎恶这种伦理。将外来者视同本地人对待，如同自杀般的共情。特朗普政府美化对移民、强者、弱者和穷人的残酷。它让我们大多数人认为一切都是为富人而设。它威胁着整个文明的毁灭。

现代右翼建立在排斥和支配的逻辑之上。“我们生活在一个真实的世界，一个由力量、形式和权力主宰的世界。”白宫高级顾问斯蒂芬·米勒在接受CNN杰克·塔珀采访时表示：“这些是自20世纪80年代和90年代以来世界的运行法则。”

然而，那些铁律不正是被黄金法则所取代了吗？当奥德修斯同意特洛伊木马的计谋，利用他本想拯救的女孩们所遭受的压迫，让城市的街道血流成河时，他是在欢呼还是在犯罪？这是诡计还是罪行？在指责声中，他曾是英雄。在诺兰眼中，他是一个需要救赎的灵魂。从希罗多德的时代到我们的科学革命，价值观已历经千变万化，文明的意义何在？我们如今站在这条分界线的哪一边？

现代右翼认为，西方文明已失去对力量、支配和等级制度的渴望。

《纽约时报》国际版 纽约时报 是一部以赎金为主题的法律。因为《时代》杂志并非年轻特朗普支持者的必读刊物。一些右翼知识分子，如柯蒂斯·塔里斯（Curtis Tarris）和迈克尔·安东（Michael Anton），一直在鼓吹美国需要一位恺撒式的人物。特朗普政府充斥着罗马式的行动主义，这并非偶然。无论是在思想上还是美学上，他们都刻意强调这个 era。

蒙克（Monk）最近在X平台上的一次交流，揭示了这种思维已发展到何种地步。一名用户告诉蒙克，是时候“清理”并驱逐古典自由主义者了，因为“个人的软弱会导致普遍的苦难”。他的回复是：“我知道那是什么。”

在诺兰的《奥德赛》中，特洛伊的海伦不过是一场战争的借口，这场战争的真正动机是统治的欲望。在一个试图颠覆全球秩序、以贸易支配为首要目标的政府执政期间，这种选择再明显不过。加拿大总理马克·卡尼（Mark Carney）在抨击这一政权时，也回溯到古希腊来描述他所看到的情形：“强者能为所欲为，弱者只能忍受苦难。这种对黄金法则的颠覆被视为必然，仿佛是国际关系的自然逻辑。”

当诺兰笔下的奥德修斯回忆特洛伊的陷落时，他描述了一个拥有 50 年辉煌历史的城市在一夜之间化为废墟。这让我不禁联想到，在同一场大战的后续阶段，他并未选择在 1, 2013, 而以色列也证明了这一点。自那以来的岁月里，乌拉诺斯（Uraus）本应被铭记。以色列总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡如今将以色列的未来描述为“战前与战后”。

以色列英雄、剧作家约罗德·纳什·达伦（Yorod Nash Darun）在《代理人》（Eagents）中，对犹太社会的这种转变提出了质疑：“许多关于加拿大的思考，以及实践中对权力的理解，实际上是思想的终结。成为强者意味着什么？重新掌权又意味着什么？这些都是由犹太思想家完成的。”他补充道：

For 2,000 years, 宙斯允许世界将学习和研究视为最高的精神活动。两千年后，以色列最优秀的人才却告诉我们，他们需要两千年的时间来学习什么？

而那些像内塔尼亚胡这样的人会说：哦，我们学到的是，你必须成为罗马人，必须拥有军团，必须摧毁城市。这是唯一有效的价值体系。罗马在两千年里一直如此。既然这样，何不直接成为罗马人？宙斯为何还要让你们经历两千年？你们早就可以在当时就成为罗马人。

《纽约时报》——我们最古老的社会危机之一再次浮现。将犹太-基督教伦理融入宙斯的法则，我们或许能理解其意义，以及它可能仍在诉说的真谛。而

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奥德修斯最终看到的是，他对道德秩序的践踏已将周遭一切拖入深渊。阿伽门农——那位为攻打特洛伊而制定法律的国王——已死，他自己的家人永远不会原谅他为虚假的荣耀牺牲女儿。特洛伊被毁。他的家园伊萨卡被暴民占领，他的妻子、土地和财产岌岌可危，而这一切都是因为他屠杀了那些追求他财产的人。奥德修斯和他的部下并非在与野蛮人作战。他们才是野蛮人。而他们的行为导致了更多的灾难。

同样，那个曾承诺让西方文明再次伟大的政治运动，也背叛了它所继承的一切。如今，世界看着美国，仿佛它是全球秩序的最后一道防线——这个国家索取它想要的，并要求世界上其他国家进贡。

而反对派所必须做的，正是认识到这一点：我们文明的价值观在于承认残酷是一种软弱。只有同情与互惠才能建立一个公正而体面的社会。秩序是必要的，但缺乏伦理与记忆的秩序，不过是一种前退化的、完美的决定。在反对将我们不愿承受的痛苦强加于他人时，蕴含着建设性的美与智慧；在承认我们也曾是埃及的异乡人时，蕴含着道德的力量。

在结尾部分，海德思考了欺诈者的训诫最终指向何处，以及最紧迫的行动是什么。他的答案是：转变发生在你无法拒绝这个世界的时候。当一个民族要求大地承受毒药，将其倾倒在乡土之上，世界的终结便已注定。赫尔墨斯成为沟通我们的世界与亡灵世界的使者，让感知、春天和生命得以年复一年地回归。换句话说，只有当一个民族能够被治愈时，文化才能重拾力量。

我不想将这番话讲得过于说教，因为正义在美国曾反复出现，每当这些工作者意识到《托拉》、新约和去殖民化叙事中那些沉重的治愈力量，能够为一个新世界代言。自宗教、自由主义和进步主义在美国拥有类似的共生关系以来，已过去了太久。

但现代右翼的形态为重启这项工作创造了空间。重生是艰难的。它需要以全新的视角审视所有价值观。它需要一切物质所不具备的东西，因为物质已沦为权力的附庸，在一个道德被贬低和遗忘的时代。但这是可以做到的。它必须被做到。

奥德修斯不是骗子。他是一个生活在骗子们制造的废墟中的人。我们也是。这一次，系统的崩溃并非偶然，而是骗子时代终结的标志。现在，我们需要那些能够重建这个世界的人。

为何国家拥有人工智能是个坏主意

编辑委员会，来自 PAES——向人工智能公司投资的想法，使得一些人认为政府应当直接参与这一行业。这些想法通常目标狭隘，旨在让公众分享公司利润，并参与其决策过程。

然而，即使没有政府持股，政府支持也可能带来问题。抵押贷款融资公司房利美（Fannie Mae）和房地美（Freddie Mac）就是例证。政府创建了这些公司，但并未保留所有权。然而，在21世纪初，这些公司利用其政府背景进行冒险，相信政府最终会出手相救——事实也确实如此。

对企业的影响只是问题的一部分。国有制不仅关乎公司自身的市场行为，还往往会削弱监管。

公众并未从中受益。某人的提议与化石燃料供应商达成了一笔交易。这是一笔交易。没有人知道他希望从中获得什么，而显而易见的答案是，他希望通过政府持股换取宽松待遇。如果每次决策都依赖政府，那么政府不太可能严格监管，最终受损的将是公众。历史经验证明，他的判断不无道理。

国有石油公司提供了更为明显的例子。挪威政府是《巴黎协定》的签署国，该协定设定了减少排放以限制气候变化的目标。它也是英格兰某一市场的多数股东。该公司的投资也是挪威年度收入的重要来源。著名的主权财富基金贡献了挪威年度收入的50%。

类似的例子比比皆是。南非为国有电力公司 Eskom 运营的发电厂制定了更为宽松的排放标准；新加坡的国有投资公司淡马锡无需像许多私营投资公司那样披露相同的财务信息；一些司法管辖区豁免国有企业适用破产法，使这些企业能以更低成本借贷。

对人工智能公司的持股不会增强政府对这些公司的控制力。更可能出现的情况恰恰相反。人工智能领域亟需立法规范，我们将在未来几个月内进一步探讨这一主题。制定这些法律将面临挑战，但这项工作是必要的。所有权不能替代监管。

政府在确保投资收益惠及公众、保护公众免受潜在风险方面发挥着重要作用。然而，实现这些目标的最佳方式不是成为投资者，而是运用政府的权力。

编辑委员会——是一个由专业知识、研究、辩论和长期价值观形成的观点、原则和立场的群体。它独立于新闻编辑部。

POWER STRUGGLE TRUMP REVERSAL BUOYS TEHRAN

PAGE 4 | WORLD

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PAGE 8 | BUSINESS

The New York Times

INTERNATIONAL EDITION | WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 5, 2026

Nolan built a different Trojan horse

Ezra Klein

OPINION

I'll admit: I'm a little late: weighing in on "The Odyssey" I had: it up to having young kids. I don't make it to the movies much. But what a trick to director, Christopher Nolan, has pulled off. Ezra Klein did not understand what this movie was. But this movie understands what Klein is. It understands who we are becoming and who we have become, and it points a way out.

It's the one central to "The Odyssey" in myth. Odysseus is a trickster. He is described, in the first line of the story, as the man of many ways or of many wiles or of many turns. He is, depending on the translator, an ingenious man, a coming man, a complicated man. He is a man of appetite and overeatness, a man who wants nothing more than to go home for keeps cleaning to stay

The big trick of his "Odyssey" is smuggling the core of Judeo-Christian ethics into an ancient Greek epic.

abroad, a man who presents for his wife but causes stop-bedding goddesses. Odysseus is never one thing, he is always many things. Matt Damon is no trickster. I thought he was going to be the problem with Nolan's "Odyssey." Amid the right wing worry over the coming of Lupita Nyong's and Elliot Page. It was Damon's coming to Odysseus that I couldn't reconcile with "The Odyssey" Damon often seems to me like a man of a single way, a man who wakes up early and keeps to a clean diet and rarely has more than one glass of wine before bed. That's not Odysseus. But Nolan won't lundering for a trickster. His Odysseus is something else. That, you can say, was Nolan's first trick.

I want to stop here and say a bit about tricksters, because I have spent the past few years quietly obsessed with the archetype. The trickster is Loki in Norse mythology. Edisia in Northern states, Ulysses of Barren in Native American tales, Maori in Polynesia and Hermes and Odysseus among the ancient Greeks.

The function of the trickster, writes Lewis Hyde in this wonderful book "Trickster Makes This World," is "to uncover and disrupt the very things that a culture depends on." The trickster damon across cultures and fathers, says KLEIN, PAGE 19

The New York Times publishes opinion from a wide range of perspectives in hopes of presenting constructive debate about consequential questions.

Clockwise from top: Luigi Lovaglio, the chief executive of Banco Monte dei Paschi di Siena, in the bank's historical archive in Siena, Italy; the bank's founding charter, dated 1472; a Monte dei Paschi branch in Siena's historic city center; and shelves filled with old ledgers. "Monte dei' (sic) a bank. It is history, it's culture and the economy," said a former employee.

Knives out for world's oldest bank

SIENA, ITALY

Italian institution founded in 1492 faces existential threat amid a hostile bid

BY BERNHARD WARNER

Banco Monte dei Paschi di Siena is the world's oldest bank. It has survived the rise and fall of the Medici, regional and world wars and its own near-death as prisoners — including a 1.4-billion-euro-bulbar in 1912 and a derivatives scandal that made the leader a byword for mis

management. But under Luigi Lovaglio, the chief executive, who was recruited by the Italian government in 2012 to engineer a turnaround, Monte dei Paschi has grown into one of Europe's healthiest financial institutions. Now, it's a takeover target.

Sitting in Italian fashion, the bank's betterodile 16th-century headquarters in Renzo's historic center, Mr. Lovaglio reflected late last month on the bank's latest challenge. The Tuscan leader is being pursued by its biggest rival in an increasingly combative contest. "I'm working around the clock to find the best solution," said Mr. Lovaglio, who survived a bruising board battle this spring to stop on the job.

In June, the ball started rolling when Milan-based Banco BFM proposed a "sweeper of equals" with Monte dei Paschi. The next day, Inessa Sampaoli, Italy's biggest bank, announced a hostile Citi billion (300 billion) cash-and-charm takeover bid for Monte dei Paschi, which has some 12.00 billion in assets on its balance sheet.

The Inessa plan is somewhat convoluted. It involves teaming up with Unipol, an Italian insurer, which would acquire roughly half of Monte dei Paschi's branch network — some outposts still operate in tiny Tuscan towns, including six the island of Ciglio — clearing the Siena name off the door. Inessa's after Monte dei Paschi's crown jewels-

its Medialnauce investment bank and wealth management unit, and its stake in Umerali, the 177 billion insurer.

Monte dei Paschi acquired these assets last year in a stunning David-taking-over-Goliath bid of its own. Further complicating things, Banco BFM said in a statement on Friday that it had terminated merger discussions with Monte dei Paschi, putting the talks in limbo.

"It's definitely not a Game of Throne" quality text, Johann Schiele, a banking analyst at Morningstar, said of the competing interests lining up for Monte dei Paschi.

While European politicians, regulators and banking officials are framed on AAM, PAGE 2

U.S. restores some funds for global health care

$2 billion grants to fight hunger and disease follow the gutting of its aid body

BY STEPHANIE NOLES

In recent months, the United States has made financial commitments that limit a limited return to global health and humanitarian assistance partnerships, after the abrupt severing of many of these relationships a year and a half ago.

Last week, the State Department notified Congress that it would send $600 million to Gavi, the organization that helps low-income countries buy essential childhood immunizations, a year after Health Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. withdrew American support.

It was the latest in a series of financial commitments from the U.S. government to international organizations, working on issues such as hunger and tuberculosis, tending nearly $2 billion.

In some cases, these payments move money that had been appropriated by Congress but which had been made since the Trump administration took office in January last year and incidental a threat on Europe and.

It was not yet clear whether the day, bureaucrats represented a lasting shift, or how close any further commitments would bring the road to what the United States used to spend on aid and global health. People who have been part of talks with the State Department about this funding said that there were at least two motivations behind the money flowing to renamed partnerships.

First, recent health threats including, most notably, the halftoning Sinha network in the Democratic Republic of Congo, reinforced the need for funding multilateral agencies that work on global health security.

Second, with the Trump administration's dismantling of the United States Agency for International Development and absorption of a skeleton crew of no staff into the State Department, there was no longer the infrastructure or staff for the United States to move humanitarian assistance on this scale by itself, making these large international agencies necessary partners.

"What may be happening here is that reality is nothing to for decision makers," said Mark A. Green, who served as administrator of U.S.A.I.D. during President Trump's first term and who is president of ONT, an advocacy organization for foreign assistance. "The good news is that Secretary Rubin clearly realizes that global health is what we do, and we're really good at it. That's why you're starting to see more money moving."

He added, "I think there's a realization that global health security is also American national security, too."

Eighteen months ago, the freezing of assistance was perceived internationally as a significant U.S. retreat from HEALTH, PAGE 1

© 2026 UNIV. PABLO

Artyom Vovchenko created to fight to Russia's war in Ukraine. He fled his homeland but was denied asylum in the United States.

He was deported to Russia, but he managed to escape

BERLIN

Artyom Vovchenko sought asylum in the U.S., but it didn't go as hell hoped

BY PAUL SONNE AND WILJON MALOATA

By the time his U.S. deportation flight touched down last summer in Moscow, Artyom Vovchenko had been drained of his fighting spirit.

He had deserted the Russian military and fled his homeland in opposition to the war in Ukraine. He had spent 12 months in three U.S. detention centers before being denied asylum, but he had been deported to Russia by the Trump administration back to Russia, where he found up in 10 years in prison.

After he landed, security officials at

the Moscow airport saw that Mr. Vovchenko, 21 was wanted by military prosecutors. By then, his despair about his treatment by Russia and the United States had swelled into essential resignation.

"To hell with you all, the whatever you want, I know I'm right," Mr. Vovchenko said he had not himself. "I had made my peace. Basically, I was ready to die."

The New York Times first reported at Mr. Vovchenko last year after he was swept up in the Trump administration's mass deportation campaign. What has heed for him was an encounter with a Russian system overwhelmed by soldiers who had fled the front in Ukraine or suffered injuries, an apparatus almost to be in public despite President Vladimir Y. Putin's aggressive wartime anti-structurism.

The days turned to weeks at the military base where Mr. Vovchenko awaited war, but will to fight for his own ROSSA, PAGE 2

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2 | WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 5, 2020

THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION

PAGE TWO

Piazza del Campo, this book square of Siena, Italy. Worry to the city that that a humble who ever told for Bianca Monte dei Paschi di Siena is the beginning of the world for a human book.

Knives out for world's oldest rank

BASE, FROM PAGE 1 the Italian leader UralCrolli's sweeping to to buy Germany's Commonwealth – a hostile advance that he/he grew into a diplomatic spot between Rome and Berlin – a rehabilitation likely is remaking Italy's domestic banking sector.

Europe's banks are growing at the headlines city since before the 2008 global humanist crisis, paveworthy years of high interest rates, a surging stock market and cheaper wealth-management lens. But power/control tendencies remain extroverted to national capital. That's despite a push by the European Union and Maria Draghi, a former European Central Bank president and an expense empire of Italy, to encourage the nation's economic development. Only then, he argued, can Europe think of holding superbanks to better compete with American belowindia like 2700 pages Chase and Goldman Sachs. 2700 pages have been in the department adviser to Sirena J.

Italy has embraced the idea of combining financial institutions.

"Italy's banking sector is on the brink of a new M.A.s. etc," analyzes at S&P Global Ratings, a ratings firm, wrote in a report in June after the Sirena bid was announced.

MUCH MORE THAN A BANK

The prospect of a takeover of Monte dei Paschi, founded in 1672, has seen much wastes through January. The people of Siena, including the mayor, have come out especially hard against the Sirena bid, leaving it would mean the beginning of the end for their beloved bank.

For ages, the bank has been the re-giant primary employer and a major banker of local enterprise. Its non-pres蔑ed charitable foundation funded social services, community organizations and the arts, including a hospital expansion in Siena and the city's famed Palio, a hambank horse near getting rival neighborhoods against one another for winner-take-all levaging rights.

"Mores isn't just a bank. It is history, it's culture and the economy," said Claudio Marignani, a retired Monte dei Paschi employee. In 2012, he founded Sena Crolata, a community-organization. He has called for his fellow-vacers, as the locals are called, to rally unlikely to show their support for Monte dei Paschi's independence.

"We have great faith in Lavriglio, and around Lavriglio, there is great support

An auditorium inside Monte dei Paschi's headquarters in Siena. For ages, the bank has been the region's primary employer.

from the community," Mr. Marignani said in an interview at a tour in the city's main square, Piazza del Campo. "But there is also four for jobs, and for the identity of Siena."

The Roman Catholic church, too, has put the destinations on works, raising any tie-up must protect the livelihoods of Italian families. Simula archdiocese wrote an open letter in July, stating it will monitor negotiations, "tracing that even in market matters more degree of justice and charity is to be expected."

Seeing the community rally around the bank is distressing, Mr. Lavriglio said. But ultimately the company's late biz in the hands of shareholders, the most powerful of which are far from Sirena.

CONTRASTING WORLD VIEWS

The owner, have been born before. Five years ago, the bank was a international lender and an life support. A white, knight-raid, brokered by Rome, for through. Then, in February 2022, an official to the Draghi government called Mr

Lavriglio to take the top job. "When I was asked, I made the decision in five minutes," Mr. Lavriglio said.

Eight months later, he and his team called off a CCI billion capital-rator that finally put Monte dei Paschi on sure his special busing, lowering Roma's make-bom roughly 64 percent. (It's less than 5 percent today.) Shares in the bank are up more than 475 percent since then, far outperforming the broader European banking sector.

In a banking career that spans six decades, Mr. Lavriglio, 70, has never seen anything like the meager mania gripping the secret, he said, or the reaction the Sirena bid has prewiped.

He faced biz and the board's objections: The proposed beyond undervalued Monte dei Paschi, would break up the ancient bank's branch network and would bubble competition in the leveling and insurance sectors.

"Now can you make an offer to break up the oilnet bank in the world, a bank that was in the middle of a tournament?" Mr. Lavriglio said, his voice rising only

slightly. He continued, "I am concerned about too much concentration, and whether it would impede the growth of small and medium-sized businesses."

Carlo Messina, himself chief executive, sees it differently. He told investors in June that the acquisition would create a European banking giant, and he a win for customers and shareholders. He said he established a net worth of business Sirena into "the Italian UHS," a reference to the giant Siena bank.

Mr. Lavriglio questioned Mr. Mennisi's pitch. He and the board haven't decided their next move, but they have made clear they're eager to explore an alternative tie-up. Until Friday night, Baron-BPM was looking like Monte dei Paschi's preferred watch!

Even if they get the deal talks back on track, there's another big player that could demand a seat at the table. Baron-BPM's biggest investor is the French lender Credit Agricole.

On Friday, Cédrille L'Augerain, Cédrille d'Auers, chief financial officer, told Bloomberg that the French bank was not going to sit by silly should Baron-BPM and Monte dei Paschi pursue a tie-up.

"We've not necessarily the ones who are going to decide," she said, "but nothing can be done without us. And nothing can be done against us."

Mr. Lavriglio won't tip his hand as to the board's next move. But the drastic playing out around the bank has reinforced the belief that "is order to be in a safe position, to be in a safe harbor, you should be bigger," he said.

As the chairman were on, Mr. Lavriglio led his advisers behind for some on the headed to Simula Palinino PubMed, the mainly brick town bank that houses the famous 148-century Iron, uses by Andrengo Lorenzetti depicting the effects of good and bad government.

In one visit, the artist painted an eclectic watch where the allegorical figures of Justice, Temperature, Prudence, Strength and Peace stand watch. Next to it is a diet landscape. A lot of the figure provides over-allege/civil/badists, including Howard, Van, O'Neil and Anger.

Mr. Lavriglio said he was always moved by looking at Lorenzetti's community worldviews, the bleak versus the bright.

"I find this really inspiring and motivating," he said, staring intently as he considered his next move.

He introduced kindness to horse-training methods

MONTY ROBERTS 1935-2020

RY GLENN KIRKH

Monty Roberts, a celebrated horse trainer and射击操手, a silver whose humans, uninvited methods for training wild and untimed horses were adopted by several generations of superclass professionals – including Queen Elizabeth II of Britain, a passionate horse lover with whom he cultivated a 20-year friendship – diletted Friday at his home in Sidonga, Calif. He was 92.

His daughter Debbie Roberts (Lovitz) and the clown was an optimistess of an autoimmune disease.

Defying 4,200 years of conventional horse-breaking wisdom based on aggressive and violent methods of forcing an animal into submission, Mr. Roberts insisted that a horse trained without four would ultimately be a superior to other anti-regular companies. Respect and cooperation, he believed, would inevitably trump forced services.

He developed a silent, uneventful language that he called Eques, based on gestures and eye contact, to create a "pain up" moment in which a young horse, in Eight numbers opened, would quickly submit to him and allow him to saddle up and ride.

Mr. Roberts spent decades at his Flag Is Up Farms (now the California Horse Center) in Sidonga, and traveling around the world, demonstrating a fast touching his methods, training horses and writing books.

During that time, he estimated that he had "turned" – either their "trotter" – more than 5,000 horses.

Some traditionalists considered his tactics dangerous and ineffective. Others, like Mark Brannanius, the model for the bank and movie "The Horse Whisperer," embraced similar trans-based methods over harsh and cruel treatment. But Mr. Roberts was among the first proponents of the kiddie, gender approach, which he believed would work with human beings as well.

"You have to give him credit. He was one of the first people to get away from the rough world. You'll just give to a pole and sucking it out," Temple Grandes, the most natural behaviourist and proponent of the American type of iron stock, said. "He was really observant not in the field and got to thinking about what a horse really has to say to you. A lot of people are good at reading horses, but he was a pioneer in telling people 'there were better ways to train horses'."

And unlike some trainers, she said, he demonstrated his methods.

Mr. Roberts, who could confidently walk, tow and canter a horse by the time he was 2, was such an adept rider as a child that he served as a regular stand-in and must decide in dozens of Hollywood films. He took the saddle for the time of finally 20 Second, Michael Rooney and Charlton Heston. Dressing a dog, he even decided for Elizabeth Taylor in "National Velvet."

He also competed in stock horse competitions beginning at age 4 and became a video-chairman before he was a teenager. He went on to win one world champion and won 2,000 silver ring.

His father, a horse trainer, was a proponent of conventional horse-breaking techniques that employed four and punishment to bring a young maniang into submission.

Early at his life, Mr. Roberts considered to his 1996 workshop-sight: "The man Who Lenten to Heroes," he revealed at these methods. When he was just 7, he showed his father how effective it was to treat a young million with kindness to credit to her.

His father, he said, five times a age and beat him on severely with a chain that he had to be hospitalized. He viewed never as short his unconventional ideas with his father again. But he remained convinced that there was a better way to work with horses.

When he was 13, he went out to the high desert in northern Nevada alone and spent days observing herds of wild horses. He watched as the dominant mare used body language and visual cues to instruct young millions. The beautiful environmentalist, persuaded him.

"In time, I would grasp just how exact a language it was," he wrote. "There were precise messages, whole phrases and sentences that always meant the same thing, always had the same effect."

He realized, he added, that "if I understood how to do it, I could effectively cross over the boundary between human (the ultimate right animal) and horse (the flight animal)."

Among his admirers was Queen Elizabeth II, who had read articles in equiv- tular magazines about Mr. Roberts's methods and had regard to find a less violent method for training horses.

In April 1999, she invited Mr. Roberts to visit her and demonstrate his nature-ventional ideas. She was so impressed that she brought him into her royal aquaratus orbit as an adviser, and he became a friend.

"The beloved that no one should ever say to any human being or animal," Yes do what I left you to do or I'll hurt you," Mr. Roberts said The New York Times in 2012.

She urged him to write about his time- vains methods, and his wrestling book, "The Man Who Lenten to Heroes," said nearly six million copies and remained on the New York Times best-seller for far over a year.

He wrote several more books and was the subject of four documentaries. In 2011, the space made him an honorary member of the Royal Columbia Order in recognition of his exceptional personal service to the royal family – a royal de- grisoner that opened many of his cities. The 2021 documentary "The Cowboy and the Queen," by Andrea Seroto, focused on their unusual partnership.

"If the quest, Mr. Roberts said: 'She completely changed my life.'"

Marvin Earl Roberts. It was born on May 14, 1915, in Indiana, Calif. His father, Marvin Earl Sr., not only trained but also baseball horses, his mother, Margaret Snyder, but found a living woman.

Marvin was on barracked, soon after he learned to walk. Though he managed to go to school and compete in football and wrestling, his most important class- naens were the corrals, paddocks, cam- tracks and rodeo rings where he spent nearly all of his childhood.

"He was one of the first people to get away from the rough stuff, tying a horse to a pole and sucking it out."

He received a football scholarship to California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, but instead of playing football there, he joined the rodeo team, winning two national rodeo change- naddies.

He married Patricia Gail, whom he had known since childhood, in 1956. In addition to Ms. Loudin, she survives him, along with two other children, Marty and Laurel Roberts, and three grandchildren.

After graduating from college, Mr. Roberts managed horse facilities and then established the Flag Is Up Farms, whom he devoted himself to teaching his approach to horse training.

His troubled relationship with his father was never troubled, and in the 1960s he legally changed his first name to Marty. But eventually, after his father's death, Mr. Roberts said, he was able to make peace with his volatile children.

"I don't hate my father," he said in a 2007 BBC documentary "If it wasn't far my father's really tough handling of horses, I probably never would have been dedicated enough to do what I'm doing. So in a way he did not a great tie-on by sweeping the pendulum so far on ward pain and over-due and no caused me to have to find a better way."

Mr. Roberts believed that his trans- based methods could also help troubled children and war veterans suffering from post-traumatic stress- disorder. Working with a psychotherapist, he de- whined a relationship-building curri- tion that was taught in schools nation- wide.

Working and teaching well into his life, he never tired of his mission to re- move violence from horse training.

"By observing the horse's serious and reactions, I developed an inner out." Mr. Roberts wrote in his autobiography "I believed the horses were telling me something and, most important, I learned, with their exceptions, never to believe the people connected with the horse."

He added: "The rider was not lying, simply not listening. A good trainer can bear a horse speak in him. A great trainer can bear him whisper."

Andrengo Lorenzetti's 1200 masterpiece, "The Allegory of Good and Bad Government," inside Simula's mainly brick town hall.

Monty Roberts in 1999. He gained a global following, and became friends with Queen Elizabeth II of Britain, who had read about his methods in superclass magazines.

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WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 5, 2026 | 3

World

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Southeast Asia is missing European tourists

Mideast war has increased travel costs, and many destinations are suffering

BY JOHN YOON AND WOLFITA KUBURFISHO

Khan Meng normally dislikes at least four groups of tourists on his risk risk to the ancient stone spines of Angkor Wat in Cambodia each week. But in all of May, he did not get a single continent.

He blames the war raging more than 1,000 miles away in the Middle East.

The United States and Israel attacked Iran in late February, airfares have neared – disliked on some routes – and the fighting has repeatedly disrupted flights at the commercial aviation hubs of Dubai and Doha.

While the tourism industries of Cambodia, Indonesia and Thailand have largely been resilient because of original travel, some towns and cities that rely on European travelers have suffered. Many European tourists have conceded trips to them but spent a flavor of holidays closer to home in recent months, travel industry officials said.

The San learned immense financial difficulties on Mr. Khan, 20. Each time he prepared his 7-month-old baby's formula, he said, he used one song of powdered milk instead of the recommended two and a half, so he could stretch a can from Friday to three weeks.

"I worry that my daughter is not healthy because I cannot give her enough milk like before," said Mr. Khan, as he looked out across a paper street in Siam Boob, a major tourism hub in Cambodia.

The Saïwat from the war is the most jarring European to healthcare and a vital tourism industry since the Covid pandemic, according to travel industry officials.

In Cambodia, international arrivals in the first three months of this year declined by 45 percent compared with the

same period last year, tourism officials said. Mr. Khan said that he used to start an average of about 62,000 Cambodia, red, or 520, a day horying visitors. That has now dropped to less than 50 a day.

Businesses at Siam Boob Angkor International Airport have slashed work hours. Last Jan 25, a week at an airport restaurant, said his shifts had been cut from 30 days a month to around 20 since March. His monthly earnings dropped to less than $100 from $250.

After factoring in gasoline costs and debt payments, Mr. Lam said he had just enough to buy say milk for his 11-year-old daughter while his wife was pregnant with their second child.

"I am worried about my second baby

because I do not have money saved for his birth," Mr. Lam said.

Chow Khmung, 38, a tour guide who has led Spanish-speaking travelers through Angkor Wat for more than 20 years, said he was making 35 percent less than what he did before the true war started. To compensate, he started growing vegetables and raising chickens to reduce his food expenses.

"My income now is only enough for our visa," he said.

In neighboring Thailand's Phang Nga province, there is a similar crisis. Hotel bookings there have dropped by around 50 percent since the war began, local officials said.

At Sarakul Pier – the main gateway

for host tours to Koh Khao Phing Kan, an island that featured in a James Bond film – the financial damage was visible. Where a steady possession of medicines and long-tail boats once carried thousands of tourists a day, dozens of vessels now sit idle, reciting quietly at their meetings.

"I don't know how long we can survive," said Channipha Lalitara, 40, who collects the girl's boat free of 24 Thai bath, at 50.30. There had been almost no trips to collect fees from since the war began, she said.

Her husband, a boat operator for 18 years, has not had any customers since April, she said. The family now refers entirely on her $242 monthly wage. She

In Phang Nga, Thailand, Bruges Haulick, left, said his monthly earnings from January to March were $42.8 million in about 1000 from around 5000. "I don't know how long we can survive," said Channipha Lalitara, above, who works at a pier.

said she stopped along the roadside every evening on her way home to bunge her wild cry grand leaves and multiple fruit to feed into a chain soup for her husband and two children.

"We used to go out over the weekend for entertainment with the kids. We used to eat me," Mr. Channipha said. "Not anymore. It's a luxury we cannot afford."

Bruges Haulick, 32, who has run best tours in Phang Nga for 20 years, said that with the European tourists gave, residents were cutting assessments last expenses, the satellite monthly earnings had dropped to about $300 from around $500, and he was forced to burn through most of his savings.

When his teenage daughter asked to go on a vacation during a recent school break, he asked her to buy a snack at the nearest convenience store. That, he

said, was the only suring they could afford.

"Things look so bleak now," Mr. Bruges said. "All I can do is pray not for patient."

The Indonesian island of Bali, a global tourist hot spot, has been more resilient. Its economy has been insulated from the shock of the true war by a steady stream of travelers from Australia and China. But local tour operators who catered specifically to European visitors said they were worried about the coming months.

Governor Wayan Kenter of Bali said the true war had cleared the number of European visitors who reached the island by transiting through Middle Eastern travel hubs. Putra Winamira, chairman of the island's tour agency association, said he had frozen salaries at his company because he expected bookings to drop by 45 percent this year.

Bali's tourism officials have launched an urgent campaign to find new customers elsewhere, sending sales ministers to Australia, China, Singapore and South Korea, Mr. Winamira said. The Indonesian government has also waived the old business to ensure it achieves a encourage Indonesian to holiday at home.

With no clear end to the war in eight-tourism workers are improving to survive. Some busy operators in Phang Nga have returned to fishing or nature farm sales. In the nearby Thai resort town of Khan of the East-South East Foreign Sub-country, I, said she had begun training to become a missioner.

In Siam Boob, Mr. Khan still shows up at the east coast every morning, waiting for leave that rarely materialize. A banner kitchen book, he is weighing whether to abandon his sidewalk entirely to look for restaurant work, even though local ourselves are also trimming staff hours.

For sure, he is cutting down on what he can to be can give a little more prestige to his daughter.

"I have no other choice," he said.

Far right, once marginal, now sets tone on migration issues

NEWS ANALYSIS

Europe's hard-line reaction to crisis in Spain displays attitude shift from 2015

BY MARK LAVIGER

In its chaos, desperation and sheer wide, the sudden cargo last week of even of thousands of migrants into a Spanish territory in North Africa resulted similar scenes 15 years ago along the coasts of Greece and Italy.

The 2026 2026 crisis – when more than a million people, mostly from the Middle East, swept into southern Europe – that deepened opposition to immigration across Europe and outcasts need no far right.

Now as then, far-right leaders have tried to exploit across of border chaos on the doorstep of Europe. In Britain, France and Italy, anti-immigrant politicians warned that the three crisis was stark proof of the dangers of Spain's immigration policies, which are more liberal than those of many of its European neighbors.

The difference is that those far-right parties, largely marginal in 2015, will now either be power or have a plausible pattern, and Europe's internal leaders, desperate to avoid a political backlash, have adopted some of their hard-line policies and language on immigration, abandoning the more welcoming approach of 2015. In little more than a decade, the far right has largely reshaped the immigration narrative.

"If a realist leader's give the impression that they are being outfitted in these issues, they will lose the narrative completely," said France's minister, an expert on migration and climate issues. "The 2026 2026 pandemic is what? That's why they feel obliged to show themselves as very tough on issues like her day and day."

Commit to leaders from Denmark to France quickly condemned the influx to Costa, the Spanish territory whose borders were ever redefined last week. They

Above from left: men in Costa, a Spanish territory, on Saturday; and Spain's prime minister, Pedro Sánchez, one of the few leaders with a winning stance on immigration.

in with each policie, Mr. Sánchez countered that it was possible to welcome immigration while keeping control of the border. He asserted that from 2015 to 2025, more people entered the European Union illegally through Italy, the Western Balkans and Greece than through Spain, and he noted that most of the people simply issued into Costa last Tuesday had left by Saturday.

This has been achieved in close coordination with the Moroccan authorities and with very little support from other European states, while pursuing the effective and solidarity-based migration policy that Spain has consistently implemented over recent years," he wrote in an open letter to European leaders that was published on Saturday.

"This has been achieved in close coordination with the Moroccan authorities and with very little support from other European states, while pursuing the effective and solidarity-based migration policy that Spain has consistently implemented over recent years," he wrote in an open letter to European leaders that was published on Saturday.

Moroccan of 2015 are still vivid in Europe, which was reshaped politically by the influx from Syria, Afghanistan and other countries. The following even groups, faced by anti-immigrant citizens, voted to leave the European Union, even though it was not heavily affected by that wave of migration.

In Germany, the far-right party Aftersulters for Germany made major rewards in a federal election in 2017 by exploiting heart of automobile immigration, and it

could win state elections for the first time this fall in eastern Germany.

In France, Marine Le Pen, the candidate of the anti-immigrant National Rally Party, rode the issue into the second round of the 2017 presidential election. Mr. Le Pen, who is running for president a fourth time, signaled that she was planning to turn the Spanish crisis into a campaign move.

"Faced with the massive and coordinated influx of migrants into Spain, encouraged by the Spanish government, France must without delay strengthen controls at its borders," she said on social media.

Her deputy, Jordan Bardella, laid out the title of a track that right-wing opponents of Mr. Sánchez will most likely see against him: "By regulating hundreds of thousands of undercommittal immigrants, Spain's socialist Prince Monzner Pedro Sánchez has opened the doors of Europe to all dangers," Mr. Bardella said on social media.

In Britain, Nigel Farage, the leader of Reform U.K., warned that the migrants entering Costa would make their way toward the French northern coast, and several in Britain, by crossing the English Channel. "Before me, unless we get a Reform government, these scenes revolt during in Spain today, many of them young men, lots of them dangerous, will be heading toward Cuba and coming to our country too," Mr. Farage said in a video posted on YouTube, referring to a French port.

The Farage's television shows in Amsterdam even played a role in the failure of Britain's centrist former prime minister, Koir Starmen. He announced his resignation in June after becoming a party member party member he has failed to convince Britons that he was doing enough to fix problems like the 2016 2026 2026.

Mr. Starmen burdened his rhetoric about immigration during his two years in office, even warning once that Britain risked becoming an "island of strange life." But although he overcame of the immigration, he was never able to take credit for the reduction in arrivals.

Gialla Imbert contributed reporting.

viewed to fortify their own frontiers of block the migrants, even though most of the new arrivals had turned around and crossed black into Morocco within Israel.

Prime Minister Metro Pindarilkoot of Denmark, a social demeanor who has enacted one of Europe's strictest asylum policies, called on her fellow leaders to consider suspending Spain from the Schengen area, which allows how more most between 20 countries in Europe.

There was little to differentiate her reaction from that of Prime Minister Giorgio Meloni of Italy, a right-wing leader who came to power promising to curb immigration.

Mr. Meloni said the images from Costa were "nothing and demonstrate, once again, that uncontrolled illegal immigration power is concrete threat." Italy, she added an social media, "will not stand by and watch."

Chancellor Friedrich Merz of Germany demanded that Morocco "take back illegal migrants immediately." It was a long way from the response of Angela Merkel, Germany's previous senior eight chancellor. She said, "we rehaffed that ... 'we can do that' – when confronted with a wave of refugees from war-rero Syria in 2010, many

of whom are now European citizens, integrated into European society.

These responses about to the general hardening of Europe's immigration policies, a trend that has made Spain's current left-wing government an earlier. Countries like Sweden, once viewed as generous in creating issues to citizens who have passed stricter rules on granting asylum and legal members. Merz aggressors measures at one between maritime migration levels photomet since 2015.

Analytics said the tough tone from leaders last week reflected a recognition that, even if Europe is far from seeing a repeat of the 2015 crisis, public opinion can still be easily swayed by dramatic images – whether of kidney heart-hacking on English beaches or young men waiting clean-held fences in outer Spanish territory.

"It's the visible lack of control that's the problem," said Sander Karwala, the director of British Future, a London institute that focuses on integration and identity. "That will showcase with the core audience of the popular parties."

Mr. Karwala noted that the number of migrants smuggled across the English Channel in small boats was down

sharply so low that even France and Britain announced a "steren, one-out" agreement last year under which the British government can novel look some migrants who cross the channel illegally. Yet Reform U.K., Britain's main anti-immigrant party, has led polls for most of the year.

A press Europe, far-right parties continue to flourish, even though it has become harder for migrants to reach the continent by any route. Net migration statistics – the number of people arrive by a press choice survey – dropped last year in Britain, Germany and Spain from the previous year, according to Eurostat, the statistical service of the European Commission. They rose modestly in France and Italy.

"Visible things get seen and reported," Mr. Karwala said, referring to the chaos in Costa. "Invisible things do not."

Apstein prime minister, Pedro Sánchez, is among the few convicts of left-basing leaders to try to maintain a publicly welcoming stance on immigration, allowing more than a million illegal immigrants to apply earlier this year for formal status.

Accused of encouraging the Costa to

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4 | WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 5, 2020

WORLD

U.S. restores some funds for global health care

HEALTH, FROM PAGE 1 multilateralism. It created immediate financial crises for many aid institutions, leaving gaping holes in budgets such as that of the World Food Program (WFP), which provides emergency food aid to war and disaster costs. And, it prevented an estimated crisis for a humanitarian assistance and global health architecture that had long been predicated on bedrock U.S. support.

Jeremy Lewis, the top official for foreign aid at the State Department, said his team was focused on extending foreign assistance to be more efficient and ending recipient dependences.

"These international organizations on lamentoships, we can use them tactically where they're important, but it doesn't mean we need to hand down your after year after year when they don't have that same reason to something that we care about," Mr. Lewis said.

In addition to the money for Govt. record major funding announcements from the State Department include: • 4300 million for the World Food Program to fight malnutrition in countries including Ethiopia, Myanmar and Ukraine

• $200 million for United to work improving child health through nutrition, water and sanitation projects

• $500 million to Operative End Interaction, a new public-private partnership working to lower child mortality from malnutrition

• $50 million to the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness International for the development of new Elixha vaccines

• $300 million to the International Committee of the Red Cross and the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies for disaster response and humanitarian assistance

• $220 million for the Elixha response to the Democratic Republic of Congo and $200 million in new humanitarian funding to the affected region, as of June 23

• $80 million to the United Arab and the Fifteenth National Federation of the Afifed Fifteenth and Fifteenth National Federation of the Afifed Fifteenth and Fifteenth National Federation of the Afifed Fifteenth and Fifteenth National Federation of the Afifed Fifteenth and Fifteenth National Federation of the Afifed Fifteenth and Fifteenth National Federation of the Afifed Fifteenth and Fifteenth National Federation of the Afifed Fifteenth and Fifteenth National Federation of the Afifed Fifteenth and Fifteenth National Federation of the Afifed Fifteenth and Fifteenth National Federation of the Afifed Fifteenth and Fifteenth National Federation of the Afifed Fifteenth and Fifteenth National Federation of the Afifed Fifteenth and Fifteenth National Federation of the Afifed Fifteenth and Fifteenth National Federation of the Afifed Fifteenth and Fifteenth National Federation of the Afifed

• $200 million to the United Arab and the Fifteenth National Federation of the Afifed Fifteenth and Fifteenth National Federation of the Afifed Fifteenth and Fifteenth National Federation of the Afifed Fifteenth and Fifteenth National Federation of the Afifed Fifteenth and Fifteenth National Federation of the Afifed Fifteenth and Fifteenth National Federation of the Afifed Fifteenth and Fifteenth National Federation of the Afifed Fifteenth and Fifteenth National Federation of the Afifed Fifteenth and Fifteenth National Federation of the Afifed Fifteenth and Fifteenth National Federation of the Afifed Fifteenth and Fifteenth National Federation of the Afifed Fifteenth and Fifteenth National Federation of the Afifed Fifteenth and Fifteenth National Federation of the Afifed Fifteenth and Fifteenth National Federation of the Afifed Fifte

Assessing a child for malnourishment in Mogadishin, Somalia's capital city. The freezing of U.S. assistance last year created immediate financial crises for many aid institutions.

"There's a realization that global health security is also American national security," said Mark A. Green, a former U.S.A.I.D. administrator. From above, unloading suppliers to fight Elixha in the Democratic Republic of Congo, collecting water at a camp to Somalia.

The following table is the same as the same.

Govt's chief executive, Santa Nisthat, also expressed relief about the restriction of U.S. support. "This new funding is vital," she said. "It will help us maintain emergency vaccine stockpiles for Elixha and other deadly diseases and help ensure we turn the info on malaria."

At the outset of Mr. Trump's second term, he and his officials were sharply critical of most of the big international organizations the United States used to disburse assistance, calling them blooded and wasteful, and saying American participation in large U.S. agencies was an ineffective use of funds.

Secretary of State Marco Rubio was historically a champion of some of the institutions that were crippled by the foreign aid can be overuse last year, including those to the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFSIR). He which he repeatedly cosponsored bills for new funding while he was a senator.

On also pushed a number of global health security resources in the Senate, including the establishment of a private state global health security coordinator position at the National Security Council.

ch. He advocated funding for efforts to lower maternal mortality and fight outglected tropical diseases.

But by June, the last month for which data is available, the State Department had obligated EU fellows free to PEPFSIR this year compared with what the program had received at the same point.

"This new funding is vital. It will help us maintain emergency vaccine stockpiles for Elixha and other deadly diseases."

In 2020, A recent invitation from the department sent to dozens of organizations that deliver PEPFSIR programmes citing them to submit proposals to more work – and funding – suggests that more money will probably flow to PEPFSIR by the end of September.

Mr. Lewis said the international agencies receiving State Department funding had made significant changes in their operations to align with the administrative plan's priorities. He said U.S. agencies were charging lower rates of over-

head than they did for U.S.A.I.D. contracts, and were providing more accountability to U.S. auditors and more transparency to their operations.

A former senior Rubio aide, who was not authorized to speak publicly, said that the Trump administration's engagement had produced meaningful changes at the United Nations but with no other move. The group would, reflected a scramble within the department to move money and a realization that it would take excessive time and cost to set up a separate system.

But despite the recent announcements, large amounts of congressionality appropriated funding for global health and foreign aid remain suspect, or marked for likely resistance.

The Office of Management and Budget, headed by Russell T. Vaughn and charged with starting down U.S.A.I.D., in April entitled Congress of a plan to use 10 billion of global health money for "chances" over the grants from the dis-mented U.S.A.I.D. – costs such as severance to employers and terminating hours of office space needed for world. Since that notification, about $650

million of those funds have been redirected for the Elixha response and other global health security efforts. But EUD fellow, which has to be used by Sept. 30, remains marked by the O.M.B. for chmed costs.

Organizations working to support health programs in low-income countries are watching the chmed budget with their own money. An associate director of health policy and advocacy at Partners In Health, said the four was that the budget office was running down the clock, so that the funding allocations would require at the end of the fiscal year in September.

Mr. Lincoln first while the budget office has not provided Congress with a breakdown of those chmed costs, many of the c㈱med U.S.A.I.D. awards were already closed. He said it would be hard to understand how the remaining costs could require to the fellows of dollars.

"We can prevent a tremendous amount of suffering from TB, malaria, malnutrition and malaria of mothers and babies in children's by-citing these funds as Congress intended," he said.

For Iran, Trump's reversal shows who has the leverage

Tehran has been willing to up the ante and widen the scope of the conflict

BY ERNA KALIMAN

When President Trump appeared to back down once again from a threatened military escalation against Tehran, he offered fresh hadas for the narrative that Iranian officials are eager to promote: They are not the ones who fear war – Mr. Trump is.

Iran's leadership believes that it has based the world's no-flight 'back' With the long- and typical initial allies, Tehran is overly undercrowded in ability to threaten several of the world's most critical energy facilities and waterways.

It has continued to up the ante in its face off with Washington over when and here to stop renewed hostilities and return to a short-lived deal to start peace negotiations, which fell apart last month.

When Mr. Trump signaled last week that a major escalation was imminent if no concessions were made, two former Iranian officials told Tehran's leadership told him to go right ahead.

"They are ready for the war, and they won't back down," said Amir al-Maouami, a former Iranian diplomat, who was not a member of the Iranian, with the team surrounding Iran's head negotiator and speaker of Parliament. Mohammad Bagher Ghalibul.

Mr. al-Maouami described an exchange of messages between U.S. and Iranian officials sent over the weekend through Pakistan and Quran officials, in which Mr. Trump swears, and was attack on civilian infrastructure like power plants if the Iranians did not return negotiations. He said, "I am not at hand, he said, unless Washington returned to the previously agreed 'narrow-random of understanding,' which many experts say was in Iran's favor.

"We don't see politics with war at all, and we are ready for the big confrontation," Mr. al-Maouami said the Iranians had told the Americans. "Trump told the Iranians: 'I will hit the power in Iran.' So,

the Iranians said: 'If you strike, we strike.'"

Iranian officials have spotted a pattern in Mr. Trump's attempts to shape negotiations, said Sainat Karimi, a former senior Iranian government official and a professor of Iranian studies at the University of Tehran.

"Whenever their messages are exchanged, Mr. Trump starts to pressurize the situation by threatening Iran, so he can try to get further concessions," he said. "But Iran is not so easily manipulated."

On Sunday, Mr. Trump said he had re-breted from his planned escalation after Iran and other Middle Eastern countries responded a delay because the "pertinence of a deal" had been agreed to.

Yet, there are no-interest signs of any return to Iran, but the real situation. What does appear to have happened is that Saudi Arabia and Qatar expressed concerns over their ability to adequately defend their oil and gas facilities, according to two regional diplomats.

The official Saudi news channel uses on Sunday that Green Prince Mohammed bin Salman, the de facto ruler of Saudi Arabia, had recently spoken with Mr. Trump to stress "the necessity of prioritizing dialogue to de-escalate tensions" and "prevent a wider conflict."

Recent strikes in the region reflect the severity of these concerns.

Two senior Iran's officials on Iran aligned militia force in Yemen. Meek, as of Saudi Arabia's son of the Rish al-Masidat waterway in the Red Sea. The Saudis had been plying oil to their west coast port on the Red Sea to enter to its customer Iran's stranglehold on global shipping through the Strait of Marinas, the primary route he oil shipments out of the Persian Gulf.

Then last week, dinner struck two major officials in Saudi Arabia, in an attack. Riyadh attributed to Iran had not militia to Iraq. A day later, two ships caught fire in Dammata Part in Egypt, in what the Egyptian authorities said up, peace to form. Now a prime attack last was widely seen by regional analysts as yet another strike by Iran at its present.

At its heart, the current struggle to about redesigning the regional security

Green Prince Mohammed bin Salman, the de facto ruler of Saudi Arabia, above, recently spoke with President Trump to stress the need to de-escalate tensions with Iran. Below, a banner in Tehran showing the former superstar leader Ajamkhil Ali Khamenei.

architecture," said H.A. Helbert, a senior associate fellow at the Royal United Services Institute in London. The core of that struggle is the issue of who controls the Strait of Marinas, he said.

"The Iranians are very, very serious about not giving up control, and they're willing to bomb things to make sure that's the case," he said.

Beyond that dynamic, there was also

the startling July 17 attack on U.S. military sites in Jordan that killed three American soldiers.

"The strike in Jordan was the game thought," said the Iraq, the Iran project director for the International Crisis Group. It showed not only that Iran's missile several remained well stocked, he said, but also that Tehran's intelligence capabilities were greater than was previously believed.

The attack also stirred rare dissent within Jordan, a crucial U.S. security ally to the region, as hundreds of prominent institutions, among them politicians and lawyers, challenged their country's leader on low speech to do so. The U.S. government of Asian countries.

"The entire Iranian strategy in this period has been aimed at reducing the United States understand that if there is another round of escalation, the scope and scale of Iranian response would be as much more devastating for the region and the global economy," Mr. Vaezi said.

Mr. Trump said he had relented from his planned escalation after Iran and other Middle Eastern countries requested a delay

Mr. Trump, he added, has never fully grasped the restrictions of the Iranians, and how they refuse to be bullied or cowed. Throughout both his current and previous view, Mr. Trump has never had lecture to learn the issues" that aggressive tactics toward Iran have only hardened its position, Mr. Vaezi said.

"It's already eight years of his assault on the part of the U.S. in the United States, he said, now combined with military pressure "that the never produced what he has to do."

At the same time, Washington's moves in the state are depleted. Some military officials say their abilities to fight future conflicts – such as a war against Iran – should be fulfilled by a technique that might take years to reverse, particularly where defensive weapons like Pastrat missiles are concerned.

"The U.S. military options aren't

great, and it's not simply reported maximum shortages," said Farzan Safer, an Iran analyst at the Geneva Graduate Institute in Switzerland.

"One, it's not clear that the limited and time-bound military escalation Trump is willing to undertake at this point will be enough to change Iran's colorless," he said. "Yes, it's hard to imagine these options can engender Iran's missile and drone capacity, such that it cannot effectively close the Strait of Marinas or further damage the Gulf's critical and energy infrastructure."

Established, some well-known Iranian hard-liners muthed the dilemma the Trump administration moves to find it well is. Ebrahim Ansari, the spokesman of the Iranian Parliament's national security and foreign policy committee, "he will not earlier threat by Mr. Trump in April that he would bomb Iraq" back to the Stone Age.

"If a strike is made on Iran," Mr. Ansari wrote in a response on 2 to Mr. Trump's renewed threats in recent days, "we will return the entire region and its facilities to the Stone Age."

When Mr. Trump said he was postponing an escalation, a prominent hard-bar commonsense, Seyed Mohammad Marzadi, posted a picture of chicken taste on his 2 account. It was a reference to a sarcastic economy used by Mr. Trump's critics. "(M.S.) or 'Trump do ways?"

"I can have not hedged," he wrote above the image.

Far from being clear in talks, the miracles are further away than ever, according to some regional experts.

Mr. Karimi, the former Iranian official, said Iran should nearly itself be an entry point of war in the U.S. during weeks.

As long as both Tehran and Washington remain convinced that they are the other ones demands should be met, he said, the talks will not be meaningful.

"In reach a deal, both sides must be politically hostile and agree that their sustainable ambitions will not work," he echoed long, but, he was "dence dynamic are not on the table."

Faith Human, Aaron Beuerman and Sussan Mahmut contributed reporting.

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WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 5, 2026 | 5

WORLD

America's right wing starts to warm to Ukraine

WASHINGTON

Trump ally's U-turn shows a weakening in support for Russia's war narrative

BY ANTON PEIAGOVSKI, KOS KOSCHKOLE AND CHRISTIAN BERBEIT

Ukraine rolled out the red carpet for Laura Lenner, the far-right activist who frequently speaks to President Trump. She sat down for about 40 minutes late last month with President Volodymyr Zelensky, conducted the first interview with Ukraine's new airing defense minister, dined with the country's chief rabbi and got a tour of an animal shelter, given her affection for dogs.

"They view me as an extension of the Trump administration, even though I don't want for the Trump administration," Ms. Lenner said in an interview.

Speaking by phone from Kyiv, Ms. Lenner, who used to echo Russia's false talking points about Ukraine being run by new facts, marveled at the "black waves" bar activist and newly pro-Ukrainian message had set off.

The old around Ms. Lenner's trip reflects the years of effort that Ukraine and its supporters have invested in trying to make the skepticism of the country's war effort hardened by Mr. Trump's NAGA movement and the president himself, had a reward how the U.S. right's split over the Iran war may also be redressing the political battle force over Russia and Ukraine.

Pro-Ukraine groups have long highlighted churches destroyed in Russian atrocities and the persecution of some Christians in Russia. They have organized trips to Ukraine for conservative activists, pastors and influences. They once took out a billboard with a Bible verse across from Speaker Mike Jehovah's Leoboska church.

But they have struggled to make inroads with Mr. Trump, his closest aides and key right-wing voices, Steve Wilard, Mr. Trump's friend and special stress kept trembling in Russia for meeting with President Vladimir Y Putin but not to Ukraine. Tecker Carlson, the former Fox News host, kept praising Mr. Putin, saying he is "trying to re-Christianize Russia." Mr. Trump kept saying he treated the Russian leader.

"Ultimately, the president is the only person who matters," said Melinda Haring, a senior adviser to the pro-Ukrainian nonprofit organization Razem for Ukraine, whom she directs national to the Trump administration.

While many NAGA figures have shown "personal support and sympathy" for Ukraine's cause, Ms. Haring said, they "can't do anything about it because Donald Trump hasn't changed his mind."

That is why Ms. Haring and other Ukraine supporters are now hoping that Ms. Lenner's visit experience is strong peak. Ms. Lenner said she is also Mr. Trump twice from Ukraine. On social media, she said she "bit for Russian propaganda" when she once called Mr. Zelensky, "is still having 'bus' law."

"There are more signs Mr. Trump may be giving more bond to Ukraine's arguments on Russia's income more the war ends with the public, but little to signal a decisive change in course.

The president said in reply July that he would allow Ukraine to manufacture Patriot air-defense systems, then told

The Financial Times last week he was "out now" he would do it. He has maintained his sympathetic approach to Mr. Putin.

"I'd like him to end the war," Mr. Trump said of Mr. Zelensky after meeting with him at the White House last week. "I get along with President Putin. I get along with President Zelensky."

Mr. Zelensky came to Washington for the funeral of Senator Lehman Chatham. Republican of South Carolina. Some hope that Ms. Lenner can fill the void he

knows behind as a pro-Ukrainian leader in Mr. Trump's war.

Ms. Lenner, who first rose to prominence in right-wing circles with her anti-Muslim and homophobic concerns, proved her personal influence with Mr. Trump last year when she apparently persuaded the president to fire sin of his national security aides. This year, she has aligned herself with Mr. Trump's letter by defending his decision to attack Iran.

It was the right-wing divide-over Iran

and Israel, Ms. Lenner said, that precipitated her change of heart on Ukraine. Two of her biggest online sorterers, Ms. Carlson and the probatorer Candlewood, too, have decided down on their Russian friendly mission as they criticized the Iran war and the U.S. alliance with Israel. Ms. Orenetz visit to Mr. Putin's transport company in St. Petersburg, Russia, in Iran, Ms. Lenner said, added to her determination to go to Ukraine.

"I realized all these people had something to common and that's that they all

The far-right activist Laura Lenner, down, had refused Russia's false talking points about Ukraine before she visited the country and met with President Volodymyr Zelensky, left. Top, a church in Ukraine after a Russian attack in 2026.

aggressively advocate for Russia in the Russia-Ukraine war," Ms. Lenner said. "I started to think to myself, what else are they lying about?"

Ms. Lenner, who has nearly two million followers on it, has said her work is funded by Russia where the decision to identify. She said in a May interview that she was finalizing her "pitch deal" for her meetings with doesn't. She said on it that the end of her trip to Ukraine was "aggressive" to private Americans who were worried about my safety."

An America reached out to her in May, returning to Ms. Lenner, offering the opportunity to travel to Ukraine. The individual, whom Ms. Lenner declined to identify, worked in the nonprofit sector and had led numerous trips to

Ukraine for people interested in learning more about the conflict.

Her contact helped her organize the trip, arranging transportation and lodging, finding a local videographer to film Ms. Lenner and coming up with financial support to cover the circumstances by while in Ukraine. Before Ms. Lenner's arrival, the person arranged for a number of trips, including in a drone factory, bomb shelters and numerous open-closes to the front lines, as well as meetings with high-ranking officials, including with Mr. Zelensky's deputy chief of staff.

Steven Moore, a former Republican chief of staff in Congress who founded a charity supporting Ukraine, said Ms. Lenner's visit marked a turning point because it counterfeits and began right-wing influences who have largely echoed anti-Ukraine narratives, such as Mr. Carlson and Ms. Orenetz.

In recent months, Mr. Moore has seized an Ukraine's successful drone campaign against the Russian military to portray Mr. Putin as the one-fining Mr. Trump has long said the designee must, at least.

His group, the Ukraine President Project, ran a "Putin is a loser" online advertising campaign highlighting Russia's battlefield human forces, the crippling of much of its Black Sea Fleet and the country's smuggling economy.

"Nobody wants to be associated with a fool or a loser," he said. "Trump likes winners, he likes to be associated with winners and Ukraine is the winner right now."

Pro-Ukraine groups have long highlighted to U.S. conservatives the churches destroyed by Russian atrocities.

In May and June, Mr. Moore's group hosted a 10-day trip to Ukraine for conservative media that included a public relations specialist working for Ms. Lenner, Andrew Moore. The group invited Southern military units, and churches affected by the war and met with Kyrylo Badalov, Mr. Zelensky's chief of staff.

A month and a half later, Ms. Lenner was in Ukraine, refueling the anti-Ukraine narrative she had once amplified. She met with Rathi Minda Braves Azman, one of the country's leading Jewish religious figures, whose out was killed fighting Russian forces. "The rabbi told me his dead Jewish son didn't fight alongside Russia," Ms. Lenner, who is Jewish, wrote on social media.

She also recast the argument for U.S. support. Zelensky's not as an act of charity — a characterization long presented by Mr. Trump — but as an investment in American security, pointing to Ukraine counter-drone technology now being used to help U.S. allies in the Middle East defend against Iranian attacks.

Joe Lindsey, a former aide to Roger Abin, his assistant of the News, said it was the kind of argument that could resonate with the NAGA base.

"Trump needs a language with which he can sell Ukraine to the American people," said Ms. Lindsey, who has been living in Ukraine since the start of the war and has been advocating for more U.S. support. "And Laura Lenner is giving him that."

Ianor Proutovsky reported from Washington. Ken Bousinger reported from Los Angeles, said Countess Wilmat reported from Kyiv, Ukraine. Kim Burker contributed reporting from London.

He was deported to Russia, but then he escaped

RUSSIA, FROM PAGE 1

future returned. He said he had failed his time quickly, preyed every night and summoned his discipline from practicing martial arts for years. He began devoting a plan to escape.

"I simply put my hope in the Lord," Mr. Vorchenko said. "I figured, if God helps me on this path, then that means this is how it's meant to be. If he doesn't let me pass through, well, then that's my destiny."

The end of a security guard and a fair-disease, Mr. Vorchenko grew up in a family of modest means in a provincial town in southern Russia.

He was conscripted into the military after college, and he said he had been forced to serve as a contract for an additional year against his will.

When Mr. Putin began his full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2025, Mr. Vorchenko was horrified, having long viewed Christians as locations.

"I couldn't come to terms with it, thinking, 'What the hell?' On what grounds?" he said.

Lawrence that he said was about to be sent to Ukraine, Mr. Vorchenko find, first traveling to Indonesia to coach Jujitsu and later going to Mexico, where he crossed Iran the United States in 2010 to make his first visit to the United States center in Mississippi. There, he worked for a 60-day a day in the kitchen making partridge, he said. One day, while moving a visit of food, he said, he slipped from home.

"Even in the army, where I certainly faced mistreatment, I never experienced anything. I was told to say they treated us there," Mr. Vorchenko said.

A spokesman for the Department of Homeland Security said, "Any claim that there are subprime conditions at

ICE facilities is false," referring to U.S. immigration and Customs Enforcement.

EXTREME STRESS

After losing his case in the United States, Mr. Vorchenko was herded and a military flight last summer.

His last chance to save his freedom, he thought, was to persuade the Egyptian authorities, during a layover in Cairo, to be him go to Indonesia, where he still had a valid visa, rather than to Russia.

What began as a series of public requests quickly went awry for west to an airport entrance, where he held onto a pipe and said he was not going anywhere. His Egyptian guards descended on him, he said, pardoning his torus. A sharp pain shot through his back, he said, before a guard began shaking him with the collar of his skin.

Finally, a man with a gun arrived and threatened to shoot him, he said.

As Mr. Vorchenko slackened at the threat, the guards lifted him up, tied his arms and top "like a sausage" and carried him onto the plane to Moscow.

The Egyptian government did not respond to requests for comment about Mr. Vorchenko's treatment.

'LIKE AN ALIEN'

Back to Russia, the chaos of a military system turned out, the war of Ukraine worked in Mr. Vorchenko's favor.

He was held in a military jail for two days before being sent to a base outside Moscow. The base is normally a training center for troops specializing in communication systems but, according to Mr. Vorchenko, it also uses human information facility for soldiers.

The cells were filled with wounded

service members, many of whom were suffering from mental illness or diverting young health, he said.

The atmosphere was better than what he had experienced in U.S. detention, he said, with some Russian officials working to him as a human, even if they be used the soldiers as "rutgers."

Security was not as tight as it would have been in a traditional Russian private. The authorities did not reaffirm the phone or his passport, he said, searching his bag only for weapons. They had

encumbered few people like him who had spent years abroad, he said, and they took no calling him "the American".

"To be honest, I was like an alien to them," Mr. Vorchenko said.

With so many wounded soldiers, there was no chance for Mr. Vorchenko to be constantly too state health conditions, he said. He gathered money and income one of the dozens of obtained soldiers transported regularly by guards to local private health facilities.

Doctors explained that Mr. Vorchenko had suffered from herniated disks, one of which was protruding from his spine by U. millimeters.

Over months of visits, during which his guard would wait for him to be play, a new man had to be found, he began to searching how to escape.

"It's like preparing for a competition," he said. "No one is good but one is true. Just thinking about the competition itself. You simply focus on specific tasks, the key details, and then you perform."

'COMPLETED LOIS'

One day, he walked in for treatment, he said, and once out of view of his guard, he left and caught a taxi.

He was greeted. He knew exactly which route he would take and how he would avoid being trucked. He calculated that he had about three hours to leave the Moscow region before a man-hers would return him.

Facing a long prison sentence or a barred trip to the front line, the risk seemed worth taking.

"I simply couldn't bring myself to prison, to let my entire life just slip away," Mr. Vorchenko said.

Mr. Vorchenko's name had been withdrawn from a second line while he was in general detention at the military base, which is standard procedure for the Russian courts, he said.

He said multiple officials to the border with Belarus, a state that allows how movement is and from Russia. He had read on the internet about the possibility of leaving Russia through Belarus, after other national activities, including Russia's Republics, a member of the punk protest band (Navy War, publicly recounted taking the route.

Rapid trial, an underground organiza-

tion that helps spirit Russian political prisoners in safety, verified Mr. Vorchenko's identity and assisted him, according to an official at the organization, who spoke on the condition of anonymity because of security concerns.

"I helped coordinate the Sovetans' departure, assisting him nearly in Belarus. The group adopted the plan as circumstances changed, and founded tickets, hygienic and the search for temporary housing together with partner groups. The route had to be rearranged several times, the official at Rapid trial said, but ultimately, Mr. Vorchenko made it out of Belarus to a safer place.

The Times agreed not to publish Mr. Vorchenko's current investments for security reasons.

Having engaged his freedom, Mr. Vorchenko's trying to pick up the pieces of his life. His back problems are still plagging him, and his money has risen.

"I feel completely her right now," he said.

Dietary Valens, the president of Russian America for Democracy in Russia, a U.S. group that aids Russian asylum seekers, got together a food-crater for Mr. Vorchenko. It has to far raised only $2,000 of its gold of $12,000 in help this summer.

For his part, Mr. Vorchenko said he expected intending the United States to have a number of would-be witnesses and not fully understanding the U.S. investigation system.

He did manage to compete recently in a public tournament after he spent the time. He was not the best one. He is small victory at virtual moment.

"I have my own goals, my own dreams," Mr. Vorchenko said. "I just want to live my life."

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6 | WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 5, 2020

WORLD

For the president, 2020 has never ended

NEWS ANALYSIS

Trump insists on reliving year of Covid pandemic and his loss to Joe Biden

BY KATIE ROGERS

What year is it again?

Over the past few days, President Trump has been living in the year 2020, claiming that he defied his advisers to respect the country during the coronavirus pandemic, saying that one of them, Dr. Anthony S. Fauci, was the one with all the 'crazy ideas.'

He has re-turned his nose-daily falsehood that he won the 2020 election and that it was rapped, UnitedHealthy is laughs with it the political base. And, on Friday, he said that his supporters who can succeed the Capitol on Jan. 6, 2021, were simply on an 'innocent journey' Four people died that day.

Mr. Trump is not so much a student of history as a rewriter of it. In his second term, he is as yet on averaging his election loss, and pursuing retribution against his political enemies that he has Americans looking backward when many have signaled they would rather be explain why the country is at war with Iran, or help them afford groceries now, in the year 2020.

Neither his falling-poll numbers nor the concerns among Republicans about the midwives move to be modulating the insistence on re-rising much of what happened six years ago.

"I don't think his ego allows him to accept the fact someone he perceives as so weak as Joe Biden was able to beat him," said Sarah Matthews, who was a deputy press secretary in the first Trump administration and resigned amid the Jan. 6 attacks.

"I witnessed a firsthand that he had advisers telling him he lost and there was no evidence of fraud," said Ms. Matthews. "He stopped listening to those people and started surrounding himself with numbers and conspiracy theorists."

On years later, she said that Americans are still living with the consequences, "in the sense that he's not focusing on the things that most Americans are focused on."

In a statement, Alagad Jackson, a White House spokeswoman, suggested that Mr. Trump's finisher on the 2020 election loss part of an effort to pass the SAFE America Act, which would require voters to prove their citizenship to register, has 126 without a pleas at polling places and severely restrict voting by mail. Democrats have argued that the legislation would make it more difficult for eligible voters to make it to the polls.

"The president knows how critical this issue is for the American people, and he will not stop fighting until it is passed, but he can walk and drive gun or the same time," said said. "The Trump administration continues to move with prison, restore American jobs, restore gold standard science and more."

Last week, Amam Republican joined Mr. Trump back in 2020. Re-rising a col-

"I don't think his ego allows him to accept the fact that someone he perceives as so weak as Joe Biden was able to beat him."

lective sound of human history, which caused than how they presented it. Set-are Republicans compared Dr. Fauci's journal entries – recovered from a government server and shared with the public courtesy of Mr. Trump's health secretary, Robert F. Kennedy Jr. In them, Dr. Fauci received all the attention that he received from celebrities like Jim Baebers and Barbra Streisand.

Dr. Fauci headed the Fifth Amendment over 100 times last Wednesday during a hearing before the Senate Homebase Security Committee. "It many, this was a tacit admission of guilt from the 63-year-old, who ordered from public service in 2021. (Mr. Trump pleaded the Fifth handwish of more during a 2021 fraud trial, according to publicly available documents.)

In his journals, Dr. Fauci detailed his deteriorating relationship with Mr. Trump as they disagreed over experimental treatments for the virus: mask guidance, testing availability and school closures. There was no reason as he had an January 2020, when the president was disrespecting the spread of the mysterious virus.

"I had to answer that we are taking this very seriously and that Americans should not be frightened or worry," Dr. Fauci wrote at a television appearance he made at the time. "Let us see if this pits me against the POTUS."

Turns out, he was right to be wary.

Top, Dr. Anthony S. Fauci, curate, with President Trump, left, for a daily coronavirus pandemic briefing in 2020. Mr. Trump "would have been re-elected if he had treated the pandemic differently" said Thomas B. Pepinsky, a co-author of "Pandemic Politics."

Mr. Trump has lumped Dr. Fauci in with a long list of political enemies he believes he made during the last year of his first term.

That list includes Joseph R. Biden Jr. Last month, Mr. Trump reared off course during events that were supposed to be about U.S. nuclear capability

and manufacturing and the environment to incub his successor. He also claimed on social media that he had learned Mr. Biden about Dr. Fauci, despite the fact that Mr. Trump gave the doctor a presidential communication he has work to bring a Covid vaccine to the public.

"I called Biden to tell him Fauci was no good, either didn't have a clue, or was dishonest. The call was well received, the sadly, not acute on," Mr. Trump wrote. "He went on to give Fauci vast destructive power."

Two people directly familiar with Mr. Biden's conversations with Mr. Trump,

who were granted anonymity because they did not want to get into a public back-and-hatch with the president, say that call did not happen.

A former senior administration official who was part of the first term White House coronavirus task force and was granted anonymity to avoid getting into a public spot with former colleagues, recalled that Mr. Trump and his advisers would frequently disagree with Dr. Fauci in Situation Room meetings.

Dr. Fauci's vehicle during some moments was to tell members of that group that his job was to make science-based recommendations. The job of White House officials, he said, was to weigh these recommendations against potential economic harm.

Mr. Trump's re-rising has been, at a minimum, stopped success from students as complex as his handling of a virus was break that would fall over a million people. In Mr. Trump's version of events, there is only good and bad, here and villain, with him or against.

Thomas B. Pepinsky, a political scientist and a co-author of "Pandemic Politics: The Deadly Toll of Portsmouth in the Age of COVID," said that this binary approach was evident during the pandemic and may have cost Mr. Trump the election he cannot stop discussing about.

"The matchfading was that the Trump administration interpreted the pandemic as a political threat," Mr. Pepinsky, who reaches at Cornell, said of his research. "It was a tactical error. He could have been re-elected if he had treated the pandemic differently."

Mr. Trump's comment, incorrect assertions about the 2020 election results have carried a cost for American democracy. A roll of polls have found deepening distrust to government institutions and election security, but a partisan split in the reasons why, according to a Politics poll published in May, a majority of Republicans are worried about ineligible people voting, while a majority of Democrats are worried about voter suppression.

Many Americans remain legitimately angry and upset about what happened to them and their families during the pandemic. And experts like Mr. Pepinsky see criticism apparently to learn from the information in 2020.

Americans now face a growing complex outbreak and learn about food supply, natural routes, school and work about an outbreak of cycloperiasis, a diarrhea-causing illness where recent spread has been linked to kidney tumors, Mr. Trump shrugged off concerns.

Mr. Trump's "what is the news it," Mr. Trump said, before joking with the reporter who asked the question, "Are you eating lettuce recently?"

People who know how Mr. Trump operates believe he will persist with his focus on the events of 2020, given the main lesson he seems to have learned from that time period. Facts have not gotten in the way of his opinion, and he has been rewarded for it.

"If he says something enough times, he has the world's largest megaphone," Ms. Matthews said. "Of course, there are going to be millions of Americans who are going to believe him and take him at his word, even if he has no evidence to back it up."

Folk ballad honoring tragedy, produced at the speed of A.I.

Song generators accelerate an old Mexican tradition of memorizing loss

BY SARAH VON OLDERSBURGEN

The monarch-held songs began to appear so social media just days after an immigration agent fatally shot Lawson Salgado Araujo while he was on his way to work with just month.

One such melodic — or corrido, a traditional Mexican folk ballad — was made by Jaime Velazquez, with a little help from A.I.

Mr. Velazquez, 42, had grown up in Houston's chandelier, Beverly Lázaro, Magnolia Park neighborhood. Mr. Araujo was killed there during a traffic stop on July 7. That scene of robbery made Mr. Araujo's death especially painful.

"It's like somebody took my cycle to my dad," Mr. Velazquez said. "Even though I don't know the family, it is called me. It is not a city man."

He began joking down the details of the shooting gathered from over-hreadcasts. Then he wrote a corrido, in Spanish, from Mr. Araujo's perspective. The lyrics included:

It was early on the morning of July 7th, I wanted to see it coming until the star was rising.

when I left my home filled with love and hope.

Over the 10 finished writing, he used an A.I. song generator called June in company with a few more than 10.

"It lets you put instrumentals on it and choose a voice," he said.

Mr. Velazquez, 42, had grown up in Houston's chandelier, Beverly Lázaro, Magnolia Park neighborhood. Mr. Araujo was killed, the corrido was already striking through the Magnolia Park neighborhood, leaving from car mornes.

For generations, corridos have helped Mexican and Mexican American communities make sense of violence, injou-

tion and loss on their own terms. Now the contention left tradition is a colliding with a modern reality: high-profile an migration arrests and shootings, A.I. that can create songs to accorder and social media that can spread them before the deaths have been investigated.

Since the mid-19th century, corridos have functioned as a form of news, preserving the version of events experienced by communities rather than the authorities.

"It was never as the public experienced it — nor the way that official channels were going to report about it is newspapers," said Terence Zambon, a ballad scholar at the University of Texas Bio-Canada Valley, whose work explores the intervention of immigration politics and corridos.

The corrido tradition traces its views to the Spanish romance ballad, which represents brought with them in Mexico. The music emerged as a distinctly Mexican form as tensions measured along the Texas-Mexico border after the Mexican-American War in the mid-1980s.

The thousands of corridos—whose since then resemble an alternative history of the border, documenting moments of violence, injustice and loss.

When Texas Rangers descended upon the small border village of the voice in 1910, killing 15 unarmed Mexican American men and boys, members of the community memorizational the massacre in a corrido.

They did the same after Ezequiel Bernaleda, a high school sophomore, was shot and killed by U.S. Marines pa-

Left, Jaime Velazquez performing his corrido, a traditional Mexican ballad, at a memorial for Lawson Salgado Araujo, after writing the lyrics. Mr. Velazquez used A.I. software to compose the tune and produce the finished song. In his home studio, above right.

trolling the Texas border in 1897. Mr. Araujo's death, scholars cast, the country within that tradition.

"This is a community reacting in the way this scene along if he ever a long short years," said Juan Carlos Ramírez-Prontero, a leading corrido scholar at San Diego State University.

"The corrido tradition still serves that purpose," he added. "To communicate indignation."

"I had fun changed, thanks to technology, to the speed at which those corridos are made.

The Lazarus noticed the proliferation of A.I. unarmed corridos on social media following Charlie Kirk's death in September last year.

"I remember there popping up really quickly," she said, "and I was thinking. I'd never possible be someone to write it this quickly?"

In the past, a corrido's much was constrained by geography, radio 25s and the recording industry. Today, a new corrido

ride can be recorded, uploaded and shared across platforms like TikTok and YouTube within hours.

Mr. Araujo's death has left a scar across Houston's East End. A father of three U.S.-have children who spent 20 years holding means around the city, he was killed by an investigation. Czarneza father issued officer during an operation aimed at another man. His story has turned into something more than one family's tragedy. It is a commonest one that has long inspired people like Mr. Velazquez to write corridos.

"He was a hard-working man who went out every day for his family," said Mr. Velazquez, who even and operators and the millions report business in Houston. "That's what I do every day."

During Gale Medina, who lives in North Carolina, was similarly moved to create a corrido following Mr. Araujo's death.

"I felt a great deal of sadness and shock," she said. "What we immigrants

are living through in this country made me think about the importance of honoring his memory."

She spent two sleepless nights writing the lyrics, then used an app called BandLab to create a musical arrangement.

"I told it I wanted regional Mexican music — a sad, beautiful nertube corrido," Mr. Medina said.

She adjusted the instrumentation and chord progression. Then she recorded herself singing, using A.I. to alter her range.

"I used a male voice as it would sound stronger," she said.

She shared the corrido in a TikTok post that has since been viewed more than 40,000 times. Ms. Medina said she was overwhelmed by the response.

The corrido grows has seen its share of misnomism. Contemporary artists like Pese Pluma and Junior H have popularized "corridos tumbleers," or trap corridos, which have the traditional narrative ballad with hip-hop and trap influences. Traditionalists have questioned whether these trap corridos qualify as corridos at all.

Andrea Zaszola, a methods alternative artist originally from Magnolia Park, whose own work blends corrido and opinions here, a style she used in "riches mindfulness" — believes that A.I. crowns a life.

"A lot of regional presence," she said. "A.I. can't replicate my passion, my heart."

Mr. Ramirez-Prontero, the corrido scholar, is not convinced that this new technology has been an estimated threat to the art here.

When commercial records and radio became dominant, he said, corridos that were stretched across a night mission long, was shattered and, in the constraints of a three-minute recording.

"People all the technological advances, the power of all here," he said. "It still serves a purpose."

Amara Talbethaler contributed reporting.

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WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 5, 2026 | 7

Business

Western take over to the city in the third volume, which has been the first time of the world, down from left: Artem at the end of the world, and at Tazoe's in a local league in the New York, Mexico; preparing food at Tazoe Loaf, under the building of the West, on first Chipotle.

Can this restaurant sell tacos to Mexicans?

MONTERREY, MEXICO

As Chipotle expands south of the U.S. border, it faces a major hurdle

BY JAMES WAGNER

The line of nearly 200 customers for the restaurant's grand opening last month stretched on both sides of the main entrance, with some patrons arriving four hours early despite the heat. Many had been waiting for the day for months.

When the workers pressed a fashion meant to look like a hair-tie wrapped in aluminum foil, the facade of the restaurant was unveiled and content shot into the air.

In the homeland of tacos, hair-ties and specialties, a new competitor has entered the market: Chipotle, the Mexican-inspired fast canned chain that is ubiquitous in the United States.

'What you're doing is the one in Mexico and is Latin America is here,' said Gaby Rodriguez, 44, a lawyer from Monterrey who was the first person in her, in an affluent suburb of that city. The first 100 customers get a free Chipotle into bag, T-shirt and hat.

But after another American chain, Tara Bell, talked twice south of the border, can Chipotle return a version of Mexican food to Mexicans in Mexico?

Mexicans take enormous goals in their cuisine. It has reached all over the globe thanks, in large part, to Mexican migration.

As it traveled, Mexican food evolved to fit the available local ingredients and tastes. Chipotle, named for a unusual and dried jalapaks pepper, is a prime example of this adaptation, inspired by San Francisco's taco and hair-tie shops in the early 1980s. It has since grown into a vast chain with more than 4,000 locations, mostly in the United States.

Many of Chipotle's first customers in Mexico were people nostalgic to eat it again after having visited or lived in the United States. One couple met through Chipotle in the United States years ago before moving to Mexico.

Susan Gazzola's Bokak, 32, who runs a nonwovenloin energy company, noticed the Chipotle person the street from his son's private school and remembered that his brother-in-law, a Mexican in the

Pablo Marcelo de Brito, the managing director of new brands for Alexa, Chipotle's partner in Mexico. Chipotle has more than 4,000 locations, most of them in the United States.

United States, had said it was his favorite restaurant.

Mr. Bokak lived in the United States for four years, but he said he had never eaten Chipotle because he had tried Tara Bell and didn't like it. His review, Chipotle's steak hair-tie was 'nothing special,' but the chicken in the bowl (not the rice, though) was 'specialized' and the prices were 'very good.'

Jesús Guzmán, 35, a trader, said he liked eating Chipotle when visiting Houston for work and was curious to try it in Mexico, so he brought his fiancée

her lunch. But Karla Téllez, 33, an engineer, was less thrilled. The first time she had a Chipotle hair-tie in the United States, she said, 'What is this atrocity? Why do they put rice in it?' She said she planned to take a few times and give her fiancé the rest.

For at least five years, Mexico had been a target of Chipotle, said Pablo Marcelo de Brito, the managing director of new brands for Alexa, the Mexican restaurant operator partnering with Chipotle in Mexico. It also runs Starbucks, Dominic's, the Cheesecake Fac-

nery and other American brands in the country.

Mr. de Brito said the Monterrey metropolitan area, with a population of five million, was chosen at Chipotle's initial foray because the two customer cultures are so heavily intertwined there.

Monterrey, known as Mexico's industrial capital, is roughly three hours by car from the Texas border. Mr. de Brito pointed to the purchasing power per capita of the area, the highest in Mexico, and specifically has Pedro Garza Garcia, one of the richest municipalities in

Latin America, where Chipotle opened its first restaurant in one of the highest-endinging stalls.

In Mexico, Mr. de Brito said, Chipotle hoped to offer an option between cheap street food and expensive fine dining. Because the average Mexican earns less than the average American, Mr. de Brito said, Chipotle's prices are roughly 25 percent lower here.

After recently eating at a longtime local taco and hair-tie chain called Tazoe Loaf in downtown Monterrey, Artem Mechana, 30, who works in finance, said

he had seen Chipotle in the United States but had never tried it.

Vallee Chipotle, Dean Loaf, serves dozens of different tacos and hair-ties—from potatoes with eggs to red or green, blackberries.

The most popular hair-ties have only cures meals, cheese and sometimes o-fried beans. The tortillas are stored and lightly blistered, while Chipotle's are heated swiftly in a purse.

Friend between $3.70 and $8.35, Tazoe Loaf's hair-ties are smaller and simpler. Topping are kept to a minimum with onions, cilantro and beers, while the cut-nut being significantly more heat.

Mr. Mechana said he rarely uses Mexican food north of the border because the tortillas don't quite taste the same, and dishes often come with yellow cheese (rather than the typical Mexican white cheese) plus sour cream, lettuce and rice.

'If I want my Mexican food,' he said, 'I live in Mexico and I'll eat my Mexican food here.'

To uphold Chipotle's brand, Mr. de Brito said, the re-open and more in Mexico are exactly the same as in the United States, including the saloon, despite the spicier standards of the Mexican market. That could be an issue, said Alistair Giardani, 45, a maintenance worker from Monterrey who, along with his wife and son, was among the very first customers.

'We were looking for hot sauces from here, but that's not what we found,' he said, as they are hair-ties with a bottle of Tabaner sauce sitting on the table.

The family lived in Colorado and Texas for 17 years, before returning to Mexico in 2007, and they liked Chipotle's taste and value. They said the food, which they called Mexican American, tasted the same as they remembered. Like many others eating, Mr. Giardani's son, Alistair Jr., 45, was sparred by nostalgia—he works in U.S. hair-tie decades ago in the United States, he worked at a Chipotle.

Mr. de Brito, the restaurant executive, said Chipotle hoped to open its to eight restaurants in the Monterrey area within the next year before expanding to the rest of the country. Chipotle said it has an expansion into Mexico City planned for 2027.

Asked if he had heard of Chipotle, Ignacio Azteca Agarich, 35, an art dealer who lives in Mexico City has visits Monterrey regularly, said 'the people, yes.'

Some in Silicon Valley aren't worried about an A.I. bubble

SAN FRANCISCO

BY ERIN GRIFFITH

Michael Barry, the investor made Iamune in 'The Big Show,' has warned about an artificial intelligence bubble. In San Juan Baker, an economist who identified the U.S. housing bubble ahead of the 2006 financial crisis, Even James Dixon, the chief executive of 2P/06cgias Chase, has expressed caution.

But in Silicon Valley, some people are less worried. In fact, they say, a bubble might be a good thing.

In particular, venture capital investors, the optimistic risk takers who provide money for start-ups, view the both-ideas as a necessary part of the innovation machine. The excitement created by a bubble can drive new breakthroughs, their thinking goes.

'Bubbles are a part of technology and innovation,' said Dennis Tongas, an investor at the venture capital firm Thoaty Ventures. These breezes are important for allowing crucial infrastructures to get built, even if they lead to some 'capital destruction' along the way, he added.

It is a common refrain in the U.S. tech capital. How else can risky, cutting-edge companies attract the money, talent and excitement they need to build the future?

'If you were to rely on a purely organic, reduced way of financing big-ethnology platform shifts, they would probably never happen,' said Janet Barker, an investor at the city's capital firm, a venture capital firm. Once you get past the extensive maintenance, he added, 'there are long-term benefits.'

This counterintuitive thinking stands

in contrast to rising concerns over a potential A.I. matrix, with illuminating that never seems to stop. Last week alone, OpenAI and Nvidia were close to leading an elaborate $100 billion data center deal in Ohio. Amazon, Google, Meta and Microsoft said they had spent a combined $170 billion on capital expenditures in the second quarter, up 72 percent over the quarter.

Venture funding in the first half of the year also hit $413 billion, more than all of 2025, according to PitchBook, which tracks private investment. Young companies that have not released a product or warned a dollar of revenue are handing valuations that sound absurd, so one can re973 823 billion. And there is so much money sinking around Silicon Valley that nearly has Francisco has a massive shortage.

The bubble is good philosophy: we wish how much that is industry is still growing the peak in the world, how price can be A.I. boom. Many investors said the funding behavior was justified because companies were using the technology to hit unfathomable levels of growth.

OpenAI valued at $710 billion, is generating $2 billion in revenue a month. Anthropos, valued at $900 billion, is producing nearly $4 billion a month. Google and Meta have boasted of nearly a billion people using their A.I. models. The demand for A.I. investors said, is seemingly unlimited.

'If I only really make money when there are big technology shifts to invest behind,' said Pratevich Redliger, an investor at Next Ventures.

(The New York Times has sued OpenAI and Microsoft, claiming copyright infringement of news content related to A.I. systems. The two companies have

denied those claims.)

William Quinn, an associate professor at Queen's University Belfast in North-croft Ireland and a co-author of 'Room and Run: A Global History of Financial Bubbles,' said past bubbles, and the story money that came with them, had obvious positive elements: They drove innovation and long-term growth.

'In Silicon Valley, there are things that everyone seems to believe that seem crazy to the rest of the world, and six risk of these things, it seems like Silicon Valley was right and the rest of the world was wrong,' he said.

Bubbles also tend to go on for a lot longer than people think they will, Mr. Quinn said. Persistence who see irritation

of behavior and sit on the sidelines can miss years of gains before any innovation or crash. By the time the comediows happens, no one is listening to their bubble warnings anymore.

'There's always the joke that they've predicted it at the last three studies,' he said.

Tech industry veterans still carry new work 2000-timers can crash and its painful aftermath. For several years after, it was nearly impossible for startups to raise money.

The handful of companies that powered through to the other side—Amazon, PayPal, eBay—went on to become bureaucrats, deal over time, the filter-up-to-reverse that exuberant investors overhaul in that boom helped more provide get-suited funding for growth of new tech companies like Facebook.

Investors who streamed the dot-com crash started ways of history's expanding itself. In the early 2000s, they learned of a bubble among mobile apps with no revenue. Then came fears over 'natural' start-ups that were valued at $3 billion in sales. Allowed by economical crypto projects and, eventually, the overlapping investment routine of 2025.

But none of these moments led to a major crash.

Charles Hudson, an investor at Procurase Ventures, said the 2025 frenzy taught him that investors get little credit from a strong things out in holiday times. The lesson, he said, was in keep investing, even when things felt overbearing.

The A.I. boom has been trickier to navigate. Even so, Mr. Hudson said he had a lot of money in a lot. He has focused on backing even younger companies and housed in on the 'application layer,' or software start-ups that use A.I.

'It would be incredibly dangerous,

and maybe irresponsible, to just say, 'I'm not investing in A.I. at all because I think pockets of the business are a bubble,' he said.

Sudheredits Chitagoppari, an investor at Battery Ventures, was in school when the dot-com bubble happened.

He said he was taking a lesson from the experience of his older colleagues in the 2000s search engine wars. At the time, Battery Ventures invented it in-house, one of the earliest search engines — only to get crushed by Yahoo and others that then get crushed by Google.

'It's not always the first mover that captures the enterprise value,' Mr. Chitagoppari said.

The investors acknowledge that many are in touch on all a crash: geopolitical clashes, competitive threats from cheaper open-marks A.I. models, societal backlashes against data control, or more safety problems like OpenAI's organ backing of a partner company. Even disappointment over how long it takes investments to pay off until do that the market.

'You don't want to get dehumid,' Mr. Barker of Touring Capital said.

Darun Dierud, an investor at the venture capital firm Gradexa Ventures, said the presence that became some nerve-cracking because the typical strategy of hitting one home can deconstruct profits was to make more extreme. Venture capital firms might previously have hoped for a line of data investments to sell for $1 billion or $2 billion. In the A.I. boom, that potential outcome has to be a problem.

'Your winner can be wildly untrusted,' he said. 'It's works, it works much better than anything we've ever seen in the history of venture capital.'

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8 | WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 5, 2020

BUSINESS

Why the U.S. is helping to prop up the weak yen

Turned in Japan's markets can have ripple effects on other currencies in Asia

BY EDIE NELSON

When the Japanese yen recently hit its weakest level against the U.S. dollar in about 40 years, it wasn't just a problem for the government to Tokyo. It was also a problem for the United States.

The U.S. Treasury Department has weak task a yen step to help prop up the yen, reinforcing the Japanese currency's global significance and the trouble it can cause across borders. The United States and Japan share deep economic and financial ties. Japan's large buildings of U.S. Treasuries, similar and other assets — nearly $2 trillion in all — must that interest in Japan can ripple through U.S. markets and beyond.

Here's why what happens to the yen matters to the United States.

TIGHT FINANCIAL TIES

The U.S. intervention added financial halt to the effort of Japanese officials, who had already spent more of billions of dollars this year, trying to strengthen the yen. So far, Japan's intervention have had limited effort and raised the prospect that Japan might sell significant portions of its large pile of U.S. Treasuries to fund further intervention. Japan is the largest foreign holder of U.S. Treasuries, with more than $1.1 billion in holdings.

By selling Treasuries, Japan could push down their price — and that could ultimately raise borrowing costs for the U.S. government, though, the yield on U.S. Treasuries has changed in recent weeks on concerns about inflation. Last week, the yield on the year U.S. bonds hit its highest level since 2007.

More is the yen also influence other Asian currencies, such as the South Korean yen. So supporting the yen can reduce the risk that other Asian countries would have more than one million more and need to sell their own dollar reserves to prop up their currencies.

"For Washington, supporting the yen is relatively low-cost insurance," Alex Brounberg, an economist at Almaty's Analytics in Sydney, Australia, wrote in a note.

The Japanese yen recently hit a 40-year low against the U.S. dollar. Japan's holdings of U.S. Treasuries, stocks and other assets mean that share in Japan can have broad implications.

This was an the first time this year that volatility in Japan's markets caught the attention of U.S. officials. So January, the Treasury Department considered an intervention in the yen after Scott Benson, the Treasury secretary, blamed a rise in Japanese bond yields for driving up borrowing costs.

CRITICAL TRADE FLOWS

The flip side of a weak yen is a strong U.S. dollar, which can have American ex-

porters by making their goods more expensive for foreign buyers. And that could give Japanese exporters a competitive advantage to the United States. Last year, the United States imported $1.46 billion worth of goods from Japan, and exported about $82 billion worth of goods, according to data from the Office of the United States Trade Representative.

It's not clear how effective the intervention in the yen will be, even with the

help of the U.S. government. A fundamental reason the Japanese yen has rank to much is the concern among investors about Japan's fiscal condition — a heavy debt load and the government's promotion of tax cuts and spending. The country's gross debt is more than twice the size of its economy, by far the largest debt burden of any major advanced economy.

The pressure on Japanese finances is growing. Borrowing costs are rising as

Susan Takuchi, Japan's prime minister, is seeking to help businesses and households with the high cost of living. That includes energy costs, which have risen from disruptions created by the war in Iran, prompting speculation of more government spending and further weakening the yen.

CONNECTED MARKETS

Mounting inflation encouraged the Japanese central bank to raise interest

rates to 1 percent in June, the highest level in 15 years.

For years, the Bank of Japan kept interest rates extremely low, even below zero, by purchasing vast volumes of government bonds. The goal was to stimulate growth. Policymakers have started to slowly increase rates.

But analysts argue that the weakness in the yen will permit as long as Japanese interest rates remain so much lower than share in the United States, where the Federal Reserve has held rates between 0.7 percent and 0.75 percent. Though the Fed hasn't moved rates this year, growing interest among policymakers is increasing pressure on the central bank to raise rates. That could lead the vulnerable population to rates.

Last week, the Bank of Japan kept rates steady but makes use of strong officials will raise interest rates again later this year. Broadcasters, higher Japanese interest rates could also slow bank on the United States, as it would make Japanese assets more attractive for some investors and deter them from U.S. assets.

Japan's large investments in the United States extend beyond Treasuries, with nearly $1.3 trillion in supplies and more than $500 billion in corporate debt last year, according to U.S. Treasury data.

DECIDED TOGETHER

The dollar is indisputably the world's most powerful currency and sits on one side of 40 percent of nearly all foreign currency exchange trades. The yen is also a significant player. It is the third most traded currency, after the euro. Its share of global trade is notably ahead of the British pound. News have and Chinese materials, according to data from the Bank for International Switzerland.

Mr. Benson and Samuel Katayama, the Japanese finance minister, have held said that further action to bolster the yen is possible if needed. He Monday the yen hit 107 in the dollar, the strongest level since early May.

"The Japanese Ministry of Finance remains attentive and is close communication with our counterparts at the U.S. Treasury, the Katayama, and its customers. "We will see hesitant to conduct further joint intervention."

Finding homes for data centers

WASHINGTON

Concerns raised over plan to use U.S. federal land for energy-hungry facilities

BY BRAD FULMER

The Trump administration is repurposing large chunks of federal land to host enormous data centers and the power plants needed to run there as officials seek to achieve the development of artificial intelligence systems. The growing local opposition to the facilities.

The Energy Department announced a survey that a recent redevelop party of a retired Cold War era sustains enrollment facility in Pankrath, Ky., to host a large new A.I. data center campus. The site is owned by the federal government and has been developing new commercial cleanup for years.

The $100 billion project would include construction of 2 gigawards of natural gas power companies in the local grid and a 2.5-mile power plant storage capacity. The Energy Department said the project would be primarily funded through engineering and industry surveys, one of the United States' largest power companies, the investment firm

Broadfield, and several local utilities. "The U.S. government is leveraging its assets — like our federal lands — to add power generation, create plan, and ensure the United States wins the A.I. race," Energy Secretary Chris Wright said in a statement.

It's the third time that the Trump administration has detailed plans to redevelop Cold War era facilities into data centers. In March, the Energy Department announced that a would-repurpose party of a former nuclear enrichment facility in Pikrath, Ohio, to host an enormous 10-gigaward data center, mostly powered by natural gas and by natural partly by Japan.

And last month, the Energy Department's National Nuclear Security Administration said it would work with the engineering firm American to explore a 5-gigaward data center, especially powered by gas and nuclear power, at the Savannah River fair in South Carolina, a federal complex state devoted to making plotsations for nuclear weapons.

President Trump has been a major supporter of artificial intelligence, which he has called essential to working, the technology vice against China, to recent months, he has also tried to confront growing opposition to many interventionist or the proliferation of giant, energy-hungry data centers, which are driving up electricity demand.

A recent Gallup poll found that nearly half of Americans would "strongly support" a new data center in their neighborhood, with many citing concerns about noise, pollution and energy and water usage. In the first quarter of this year, at least 75 data center projects worth $150 billion were delayed or stopped by local opposition, according to Data Center Watch, a project by the A.I. research firm De Lido.

In a White House study last month, Mr. Trump aimed to address some of these concerns by announcing that nearly 200 companies — including tech plants, utilities and data center developers — had signed a voluntary pledge to prevent A.I. data centers from increasing electricity costs for Americans. Experts said that pledge could be hard to honor to practice, since power prices are often determined by local regulators.

Mr. Trump highlighted examples where new data center projects had helped reduce local property taxes for electricity rates. And he ruled against data center opponents, calling them "radical left commentator" who "would not know your electricity bills."

His administration has moved to encourage data center development on lands owned by the Energy Department, which could offer a smoother price for approval. The Environmental Protection Agency has also taken several steps to make data centers easier to build, such as knowing limits on energy causing people to lose the gas, and that often power the facilities.

Separately, the Interior Department recently approved planning the first ever data center on federal land near Boulder City, Nev., on a site where a large utility-scale solar array had previously been permitted. The agency could did not need to conduct a new environmental review for the project because that data center would have impacts similar to the original solar facility. The approval was originally expected by the young, a Senate and the

The environmental groups filed a brief challenge against that decision last week.

"By cutting the public out of the process, they're trying to boost even the value's desert to billion-dollar tech companies without anyone getting a say," said Olivia Tanagan, executive director of the Sierra Club's chapter in the Tripside area of Nevada.

In Kentucky, the new data center will sit on portions of an Energy Department and one that provides an excellent acumen for both military reactors and nuclear weapons since the 1950s. The enrichment facility, which used a new-electric gaseous diffusion method, closed in 2021.

The Energy Department said the project's new gas-fired power plants would produce more electricity than the data center needed and could provide the surplus to local communities. The project is expected to be completed in 2025.

From left: a variety of squishies; Indiana Leong showing how to make them; and a video by Madison Marriott about trading fulgens.

'I swear, it's therapeutic'

Collectors of 'squishies' scramble to buy and trade the malleable fidget toys

BY NICOLE STOCK

The paupitfoot shake are squeezable, stretchable and squishable. And hosting them down is half the bus.

At 7:30 a.m. on a recent Monday, Arbury Market and her 8-year-old son were waiting in the outside of Argos in Blacksouza, N.J., hoping to secure the latest addition to their growing collection of squishy toys. The key, they had found, was to show up right when the store opened.

"We're waiting up at 8:30, brushing his teeth, getting everything together, and I (you) (I) can't get him to do that by himself for school," Morgan, 15, said of the summer evenings they've spent "squishy looming," or chasing down the latest collectibles.

"But for most, misses, for more squishies, he will get up," she said.

On their recent successful mission, they took home a squishy cycle of butter and a newly released squishy stand.

The textured, squeezable squishies have become a sensation. They come in a variety of shapes, colors and forms: leather shirt, a bridging inside, a plunge cat and even a videotap. Some have a trunch bed, and others rise slowly after they've been compressed.

"I was shocked at how much complex (or a squishy could bring," said human the Nonvalue, a 20-year-old mother of three in births, friends. She pointed a role in a TikTok showing where she out-prioritize 47-year-old daughter with an squishy toy), and the girl's perfect position has now been viewed nearly four million times.

The toys are a tactile experience. In addition to squishies, fidget toys include grappling others' bubbles and handbills, scramblable rubber straws, many of which house themselves as stores could

come, function, whose textured gate drops and no cubes have been on Amazon's best-selling toy list, describes its pliable, instillite doughs as a way to mellow —"swear, it's therapeutic," Nonvalue said.

On a recent day at Kip's Tiptianl in Los Angeles, which calls itself the city's oldest toy store, a few of squishy bottles sat front and center near the cashier. Above, a654, a "perfect storm" of factors has led the toys to range in popularity, said sales were laged, a friend expect at the Toy Association, a trade group, in a relatively low price point. They're easy to collect, she said, and they offer a break from technology.

While the toys are certainly low-tech, videos of people trading and acquiring them have become a social media hit. Users share tips on how to locate them, trade them among friends and even make them.

Madison Marriott, 25, recently posted a TikTok video showcasing a 'fidget toy' with the boyfriend of a 'fidget toy,' the couple said.

The couple's simple: Two people sit on opposite sides of a bed or a sheet of paper that has a plus sign, a check mark and a staringing screen on it with. One party insures a fidget they're willing to part with. The other person evaluates the offer and other accepts (check mark), includes (staring sign) or sale for more (the plus sign).

"It's like a way of shopping," Marriott said, adding, "like you're getting new items, but you're not spending a time." Marriott said her video, which has been viewed five million times, had been inspired by the course Faith Bench — or Mrs. Bench, is the 'nearly 10 million full-lovers' — who is credited with starting the future trading event.

Bench, a former middle school math teacher, said she had the idea to use fidget to trading to help students use other communication and decision-making.

"They don't even know that they're practicing mail (it's skills, because it feels like play," Bench said.

She started fidget trading and posting about it in 2021, and opened a storefront at Florida for buying and trading fulgens in 2023, but she said she actively had "no plaster" over the last few months.

Indiana Leong, a 23-year-old student, said that squishies help her focus while working, as they're grown in popularity. It has become difficult to find her for verries. So she turned to a D.I.S option, using skins, or silicone syringe that can be filled to replicate a squishy.

"I was like, you know what? I could probably make the filling and fill them myself for a lot cheaper," Leong said.

Leong, who goes by bowling fulgens on TikTok, has been posting video tutorials for others, using separate like sharing screen, plan and mail.

There were presidents in the squishy era, including minority others, fidget spinners and Rep En. The social and sharmids nature of the fulgens, along with how tactile they are, has likely helped but their popularity, said Don Kitmore, a daughter-gates creator and the mother of the family.

"You can't compete with digital, and all you can do is try to do something you can't do with the please," Kitmore said. "And that is, things you can squish and I will end up."

While the enthusiasm for a decidedly seizing better may be encouraging by some parents, others who were about the ingredients, tinctors and public officials should warnings this summer after a trend that encouraged children to experience the best bet to learn more.

Playing with toys made from plastic, certain boxes and other materials could not express children to unwanted chemicals, said Tracy Woodruff, a professor of epidemiology and population health at Stanford University in California. Younger children, who may be more detailed to get their information on toys, may be more exposed, she said.

"It's not going to affect every child, but it can definitely affect some children," Dr. Woodruff said.

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LEGAL NOTICE TO INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY

IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA,

CIVIL ACTION NO. 2:24-cv-07924-00-W-8

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION,

Plaintiff,

&

COMMUNITY,

d/b/a Colcliffe.com, 6thch.com, dma1627.com, bybit.cc, and ogisbahe.com, Defendant.

NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN: You have been named as a defendant in a lawsuit filed by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") in the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California. You were of the same U.S. v. Colcliffe, Inc. 2.24-cv-07924-1200-W-8 (2-2-2) for SEC design that you enlisted for registration and artificial processes of the federal securities laws by using false names and aliases to offer and sell securities forfeited to region and selling, mining, and yield foreign products through your false supply trading platforms, which you used to misappreys and all the countries' energy. For SEC users, among others noted, engagement of 8-gutten gains (plus engagement interest), a real penalty, and a permanent injunction from further violations of certain provisions of the federal securities laws.

You are directed to contact Matthew K. Bering, Attorney, Securities and Exchange Commission, 1637 5th St., NW, 1st Floor, Washington, DC 20240, wmcg@sec.com, 202-222-4475. In the event you receive the information and complete the mail delivery service, at 4:00 PM, you are hereby notified to the air answer to the complaint or other responsive pleading with the Clerk of Court (electronically or electronically) caused by the filing of this notice. If you fail to contact SEC counsel or fail to answer or responsive pleading within the time stated above, SEC counsel will request that a judgment by default pursuant to U.S. Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 55(c)(9) for the federal government.

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WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 3, 2026 | 9

Opinion

What my father's murder taught me about Iran

After a lifetime of observing leash revolutionary generation, I know that expecting meekness or diplomatic finesse from it is a dangerous illusion.

Mehrzad Boroujerdi

On Dec. 23, 1976, weeks before revolutionaries toppled the Iranian massacrific, armed assailants carried out two co-ordinated attacks in Africa, the operational field of Iran's petroleum industry, killing an Iranian oil official and an American oil consort for its separate authorities.

The various were my father, Mahdabilulzabad Boroujerdi, and his colleague Paul Grimm.

I read about the attack the next day on the front page of this newspaper. I had arrived in America to study only four months before. For more readers, it was another dispatch from a faraway country discussing into revolutionary turmoil. For me, it was the moment that I learned my father had been murdered.

Some of the men who helped orchestrate his killing later became architects of the Islamic republic and now sit at the heart of the government that Washington faces in its on-and-off again war. For decades, American policy makers have viewed the Islamic republic pressure through the prison of its clerical leadership. Yet understanding Iran's evictions and its capacity for defiance requires looking beyond the religious establishment to that lay revolutionary generation that helped hold the regime – the men who emerged from militant organizations and who now occupy the commanding heights of the Islamic republic's power structure.

This generation of men was born in the mid-1950s, came of age during the oppression of the 1970s and entered adulthood amid the 1970 revolution. The years leading up to the revolution were a time of clandestine activities and revolutionary struggle. These men built the institutions of the postrevolutionary order, taught the Iran-Iraq war and reclaimed successive waves of domestic unrest, international isolation, economic sanctions and military confrontations.

Whatever judgment one makes of their record, they are neither political saviors nor leaders easily crowding external pressure. Their longevity has endowed them with a deep institutional memory, a strong instinct for regime survival and a pragmatic understanding of the new – and limits – of both coercion and compromise. As the Trump administration looks in extract itself from its war with Tehran, it most grapple with these realities. Neither war nor peace with the Islamic republic will come easily, regardless of who occupies the White House.

MY FATHER WAS A SECULAR NATIONALIST. He was neither drawn to the religiously inspired revolutionary message of Ayatollah Bahaifah Khomeini nor particularly supportive of Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlavi, whose role, in his view, stood out in the U.S.A. assisted coup of 1953. Despite my father's misgivings about both songs, he remained in the early 1960s. When oil workers across the country went on strike to cripple the draft's government, my father continued to starting to work in his capacity as a senior official of the Oil Service Company of Iran, which supported the National Iranian Oil Company's petroleum operations.

The decision ultimately made him a target. In the weeks before his death, my father started to receive threats from Munosoruan – "the Victurianz Dine" – a militant Islamic guerrilla organization that viewed those who continued working in the oil industry as members of the revolutionary cause. In everyday periods, it was of Dec. 23, 1975, just a few feet from our home, they authorized my father as he drove to work, shooting him once in his chest and

once in his hand. At the same time, several miles away, members of a closely allied Islamist guerrilla organization unloaded a ball of gunfire on the car of Mr. Grimm.

The twin assassinations were a turning point for Iran. Mr. Grimm, the acting managing director of the Oil Service Company, was the only American assassinated during the revolutionary upheaval of 1975 and 1979. His murder triggered the evacuation of most foreign personnel employed in Iran's oil industry, leading a severe blow to production. According to figures from the U.S. Department of Energy, within three days of the murder, oil cooper plans meted from 1.2 million barret per day to under 700,000. The economic paralysis of the draft's regime was no longer a heeding possibility. It was a fast-suited滥用 reality, hastened by a campaign of intimidation and violence waged by Islamist militants.

Stunned and disoriented, I returned to Iran to be with my family. Unlike my father, I had been sympathetic to the revolutionary cause as a teenager, even if I, too, was always with its overtly religious overtones and symbolism. Now the revolution had just claimed my father's life, leaving me to grapple with a tangle of grief, anger, sympathy and uncertainty. The modern world had not yet witnessed a successful democratic revolution, and what was unfolding before my eyes was he delivering. One day I would visit my father's grave; the next, I would stand among crowds observing revolutionary demonstrations in the streets.

ENTRIALLY, LEFT FROM THE SHOCK to my studies in the United States: On the flight, I had been present to myself. I would abandon my plan to become a petroleum engineer and would study politics, hoping to better understand the

ideas, forces and events that had so profoundly altered the course of my life. I have devoted my academic life to renaming the ideological foundations of the 1979 revolution and the architecture of power in the Islamic republic and have undertaken what I believe to be the largest empirical study of Iran's political elite to date. As part of this work, I issued the careers of the true- or best members of Munosoruan, many of whom rose to the highest ranks of the Islamic republic's military and security establishment.

Among the most prominent members was Mohsen Bezaei, who helped protect Ayatollah Khomeini open his return to Iran in February 1975. In September 1981, Ayatollah Khomeini appointed Mr. Bezaei, then 27 years old, as the commander-in-chief of the Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps. Mr. Bezaei went on to become the largest-corrung commander in the Guards' history, holding

the post for 16 years while overseeing the step's transformation from a revolutionary militia into a sophisticated military organization with dedicated ground, mind and aerospace forces. Today, after mounting four unsuccessful presidential campaigns, Mr. Bezaei serves as a senior military adviser to the supreme leader, Ayatollah Mujtaba Khomeini, who fought in the Iran-Iraq war as a teenager while Mr. Bezaei was the Guards' top commander.

Other abuses of Munosoruan who helped oversee my father's death and other non-political killings before the revolution also rose to the highest ranks of the Iranian military-security establishment. Among them was Ali Shambhani, who served as the minister of the Guards, the minister of defense and, he adviseth, the secretary of the Supreme National Security Council. He was a top-security adviser to Ayatollah KHOVUKHOE, PAGE 17

This is not the way to hold A.I. companies accountable

Taking stakes in A.I. companies would not increase the government's powers to control these companies. The opposite is more likely

The Editorial Board

Sam Ahmad, the chief executive of OpenAI, has prepared that the federal government take small stakes in the leading artificial intelligence companies on the public side share in the industry's financial bonanza. He has reportedly suggested giving the government a 5 percent stake in his own company, which would be worth $4.0 billion at the current state level.

Senator Bernie Sanders of Vermont says the government should take a 10 percent stake in the leading companies, placing the shares in a state-controlled economy with that. In addition to a share in the profits, he says ownership would give the government a lower interest rate on an assignment of a technology that has the potential to shake our society.

President Trump also likes the idea of the government holding shares in A.I. companies. "It would be a beautiful thing," he said recently.

Philip Paulson is eight to resist the temptation. State ownership is not in the public interest.

The government does not need to take financial stakes in companies in order to share in their success. That is the purpose of taxation. In an industry grows, so do the answers that the government collects in taxes on profits and wages.

Nor does the United States need bloodsheds or even to participate in decision-making. That is the purpose of regulation. The government has broad powers to check corporate conduct that is intellectual to the public interest.

The A.I. revolution may be so significant as to require a new regulatory framework. It may require a new approach to taxation. But that is where the government should keep its focus.

There are big downsides to govern more ownership stakes. By providing insulation against market forces, state banking can make companies less competitive, less innovative and less worried about the welfare of their customers. And the history of state investment suggests that, if anything, it often makes regulation more difficult. Government can be reluctant to enforce rules when action comes at the expense of the state, too.

We also are concerned about the specific dangers that would arise if the

current administration took a stake in A.I. companies. Mr. Trump has made clear that he will use almost any trade at his disposal to enrich himself and his allies and to act against American, whom he perceives as his enemies.

The separation of corporations and state has long been a strength of the U.S. economy. The U.S. government does not own shares in drug companies. It does not own shares in airlines or oil companies or insurperters. It should not own shares in A.I. companies.

The idea that state ownership is the

best way to reap the benefits of corporate success, or to curb its successes, has an intuitive appeal. It has long been a maturity of the economy policy of communist nations, and it enjoyed considerable popularity in many industrial institutions during the second half of the 20th century. In the mid-1970s, state-owned companies made the return 15 percent of the British economy and employed 8 percent of the nation's workers.

Such investments are now much less common, however, because the alignment of money can clear China-catalyzed its economic rise by shifting from state ownership to private enterprise. Privately owned American companies outperformed state-owned European rivals, including intercommunist union, freight transportation and other industries.

In 2011, across the 16 countries in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, companies in which governments held significant stakes accounted for only about 2 percent of the total market capitalization of publicly traded companies.

Our opposition to state ownership is not absolute. Governments and governments owned companies routinely and

often lively provide some essential services, including health care and public transportation. Yet these services tend to be those that market economy fails to provide adequately. A.I. clearly does not fit that description.

The U.S. government also has, at times, taken stakes in troubled companies. For example, during the financial crisis almost two decades ago, Washington halted out the nation's major banks, took majority ownership stakes in General Motors and AIG, and took control of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. But those kinds of emergency interventions have generally been structured as short-term mobilization measures, undertaken reluctantly and raised as soon as possible.

The proposed investments in A.I. companies are a departure from that history. They would be long term in revenues in companies that do not need financial assistance. Indeed, the government would take stakes precisely because the companies are succeeding.

Proposals require the federal government a stake in A.I. companies often include safeguards to limit the government's rule. Mr. Trump has compared EDITORIAL BOARD, PAGE 19

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10 | WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 5, 2016

OPINION

The New York Times

A.S. HALLMARK Publisher

JAMES HALLMARK Associate Editor

MARK LIEFF, Managing Editor JAMES HALLMARK Associate Editor SUSANNE HALEY Associate Editor

KATHLEEN MERRY Associate Editor

BERNARD MERRY (1976) * The Character Office BERNARD MERRY (1976) * The Character Office MICHAEL MERRY (1976) * The Character Office MICHAEL MERRY (1976) * The Character Office HELENA PINK, Associate, U.S. Mail, Photo ELIZABETH POWERS, Assistant and Chief Executive Officer

The urgency in defending water supplies from attack

Jen Easterly

For all the attention devoted to an artificial intelligence-powered cyberspace program, the American Environmental cyber system in America this week is far less important. But their targeted research pal water systems in at least seven states, including more than 30 facilities and more than 10,000 water users, attackers changed password and network settings. So long agencies use at the same point of the development of a pump, valves and other equipment. Some operations were degraded, although there is no indication that drinking water was contaminated.

The problem, meant very attributed to Iran, requires a dangerous mismatch at the heart of American cybersecurity.

Communities in the U.S. need Washington help to fight foreign backers such as Iran. The threat is good political, while the defenses in many of the world have a strong small interest in many with no dedicated cybersecurity staff members—and little money to open—

to protect countries from the future against backers linked to other nations. The danger was widely known, in April, U.S. government agencies—including the F.R.I., the Cybersecurity and Energy Authority Agency and the F.P.A.—published an advisory warning that backers were regulating domestic cybersecurity. The country devices access the country. On July 22 the agencies updated that

advisory with an urgent warning that the case people were not in the U.S. across America's most important infrastructure, including water systems. They attributed the acronym to groups affiliated with Iran and linked it to earlier operations outside and with the Islamic Revolutionary Council (ICRC) from Electronic Commerce.

President Trump has been a key to future life: needs such in Democracy is generous. For that, for the attack, This political response to a national conference in the country, disrupting the U.S. government's warning about the U.S. government's national capital and campaign, it misses the larger peak. Nobody state backers do not respect the just individual lines expanding federal state and local companies. Many ways do the the most vulnerable way to disrupt American life, and even if they fail it in small communities that lack the resources to defend themselves.

The U.S. government's refusal to the director of the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency where we were particularly focused on efforts to help defend longer with cyberspace critical and more in the coming war war systems. The United States has approximately 32,000 community water systems, more than 50 percent of which serve 50,000 people—it loves. Many city and suburban areas—are now registered to operate initially for decades, but before its delegations outweighs and instruct connectivity, customers are attached to foreign intelligence services.

During the home administration, my agency paid the F.P.A. worked to make cybersecurity assistance more across the country. The company was the first to produce practical guidance and incident on a space play/buckle, provided the environment and deployed regional cybersecurity advisors who could help the country with the cybersacchance. Agrees also created the four year, 8: billion State and Land Cybersecurity Grant Programs, which provide national policies to serve in trade capabilities such as healthcare authorities, vulnerability management and incident response planning.

These industry efforts clearly did not prevent the latest breaches. But the response provides some evidence that they reduced the risk of a cyberattack—the increasing a public health catastrophe—by means of the need to perform some facilities shifted to national operations, state and federal agencies coordinated to the cybersecurity advisors who could help the country with the cybersacchance. Agrees also created the four year, 8: billion State and Land Cybersecurity Grant Programs, which provide national policies to serve in trade capabilities such as healthcare authorities, vulnerability management and incident response planning.

These industry efforts clearly did not prevent the latest breaches. But the response provides some evidence that they reduced the risk of a cyberattack—the increasing a public health catastrophe—by means of the need to perform some facilities shifted to national operations,

state and federal agencies coordinated that response, and safe drinking water continued to flow. We cannot prove the counterfactual, but limiting the consequence of an interview is an important measure of progress.

That progress is now at risk. Under Mr. Trump, the Department of Human land Security has overseen significant personnel and budget cuts of the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency, which still lack a limited traditional director. Federal support for the 90th State Information Sharing and Analysis Centre, which provides throat intelligence and other assistance to thousands of state and local governments, could last year, having no charge on said policies for help. The State and Land Cybersecurity Grant Programs is moving the end of its active funding period. And the Cybersecurity Information Sharing Act of 2015—the legal framework that protects voluntary cybersacchance and the government's employees and their employees—is not to open an legal. It

This is weakening America's cyberdefenses, and Washington should reverse course. The administration should rebuild the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency's personnel and capabilities, and maintain a qualified leader who understands the defending the nation's infrastructure is a nonpartisan national security initiative. That reliability must include federating, no regional field lines, which generate communities direct access to cybersecurity advisors and industrial-control systems projects.

Congress should restore federal support for the multistate information

that they create and commit at least 10 billion in new multiyore funding to the State and Land Cybersecurity Grant Programs. Some of the money should be dedicated to replacing large controls in water facilities and strengthening their ability to operate safely when digital systems fail—including through status at controls, physical activity, well-patient and regularly reserved response plans. Manufacturers and systems designers must also build equipment with secure settings, insiders underminations, effectiveness and energy, and provide access controls from the source. Small town operators should not have to be cybersecurity experts merely to use essential equipment safely.

Congress should also extend the Cybersecurity Information Sharing Act for a decade. What attacks against all almost all national cybersacchance and the state, the ability to supply campus information from individual victims to how directed or recognize a coordinated campaign and what those who may be targeted more?

Cyberattacks will continue, and some will succeed. The task is to ensure that a digital system is built on our own and a public-health disaster. In an era of nation-state cyberconflicts, the ultimate measure of resilience is brutally simple: When attackers get it, it does notier must still come.

AN ASSEMBLY is the chief executive of RIAE, a cybersecurity platform, and is a former director of the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency. America's civilian cyberdefense agency

Nolan built a different kind of Trojan horse

ALICE, CHAIN TRUST—what may not be said, does what should not be done. The trickster rejects the order into order, renders visible what ordinarily hidden. The trickster causes the damage that makes growth possible. But a happy insight is never guaranteed. The trickster can be unprevented or criminal. Cryers bring fire. Waves bring the roar. Lids bring flagrant.

Hyde's argument is that tricksters are both necessary and dangerous. They represent a mistake every month and to juggles with. A culture that cannot meet disruptions with creativity cannot save time change. A culture that cannot protect its core values will be consumed by corruption. The much order leads to paralysis, too much than foreless collapse.

We are living as an age of chaos. We are not only living in an age of tricksters. Monk, President Trump, Foster Cartman, Andrew Tam, Tack Pearson—the grammar of the modern right trickster. What is serious, and what is not? What is a premonition, and what is a promise? Why did they say that, and how did they get away with it? Last war outrights the natural unity tricksters. They are not the culture makers (Hyde prefers to borrow). But I am saying that the dominant personalities of the age have gathered power by hailshoring customs and taboos. By saying what may not be said, by doing what should not be done.

Hyde said that American love a trickster—"because he embodies things that are actually true about America but cannot be openly declared." That right have been true in 1984, when Hyde published in book, An Life can see the argument that a trickster can be taken and moves another in the years since—that our society had become one—is bound and but no act that, that too much had been one since, that there was not the opinion in terms of opinion and interest.

But today there is little that may no longer be said. The show and murder wave which the best of our culture was later have been seen in the past year, and the question is whether that disruptions can be met with creativity and renewal.

THE NEW CHINESE, QUESTION 2—Nolan's "Odyssey" (The "Odyssey" seasonality begins on June 1st—"I was the biggest and the youngest of the most important to be treated. But as a hand of classicists have pointed out, that it not the best of Zeus, which is narrower—"it demands laughably toward the quest or the stronger, recognizing that anyone could be a god in disguise. It is not an ethic of composition or even reciprocity."

And here we find Nolan's control trick. Nolan has struggled the core of Indies Christian ethics over "The Odyssey" Zone' law. In Nolan's "Odyssey"—a client's criticism 30-30—"The foreigner wedding among you must be treated as your native born. Love them as yourself, for you were foreigners in Egypt."—I know Rabbi Abbi, who said: "What is hateful to you, do not do to your fellow. That is the whole Tande; the whole cantonment." In others Matthew 7:12, when Jesus says: "A very strong thing, do to others what you would have done do to you, for this name is the law and the prophets."

Such an ethic is demanding. Few of us live up to it. But the problem with abusing school life has been right to not just that they don't live up to it, the issue is that they detest it. So true the foreigner wedding among us as well as we treat our native born, as he tried as suicidal empathy. The Trump administration glorifies cruelty toward the immigrant, the stronger, the weak and the poor. It does most of us think that all is of a kind for the rich. It threatens the destruction of whole civilization.

The modern right is built on the logic

of others and dominance. "We live in a world, in the real world, take, check or governed by strength, that is governed by form, that is governed by power." Stephen Miller, a top White House advisor, told CNN's Jake Tapper: "These are the ones here at the world since the 1980s and 1990s."

But weren't those iron bars replaced by the Golden Rule? When Odysseus consents the trick of the Trojan horse, taking advantage of they's repression of the same girls he was hope to save the city and make its streets run red with blood, is he cheers or a titball? Is it a trick or a crime? To blame, he was a hero. To Nolan, he is a soul in need of redemption. Between Hisace's time and our science revolution in a thousand values, an upholding of what civilizations even means. Which side of that drivle are we at?

The modern right believes that Western civilizations has lost the appetite for strength and dominance and hierarchy

THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION The New York Times is a ransom-a-themed law. Because Age has not been known required reading for young Trumpers. There is a ransom right-wing intellectuals like Curtis Tarris

and Michael Anton have moved about the need for an American Caesar. There is a reason the Trump administration is shunned with Roman style actionism. It is not an accident that they keep it in big this era, both intellectually and aesthetically.

A recent exchange Monk had on X reveals how far this thinking has gone. A user told Monk it was time to "miss up" and shoutten classical liberalists, because "a person is suffrage leads to universal suffering." His reply: "I have what it is."

Heiko of Troy, in Nolan's "Odyssey," is just an excuse for a war handwritch dominates motor of train. It's nothing choice during an administration that is nothing less the global order to prevent of more dominance over trade than

the loss to go down by the Canadian prime minister, Mark Carney, against this regime, he also reached back to Greece to describe what he saw happens in. "The strong can do what they can, and the weak must suffer what they must. And this upholding of The Golden is prevented as inevitable, as the natural

logic of international relations massively itself."

When Nolan's Odysseus recalls the exchange of Troy, he describes the memory of 50 years of high prestige, into a city to a single night. It was hard for me not to think. Now, at the post-voyage of the same general war, he asked not to, 1, 2013, and that Israel has proved them. Uraus should be held in the years since. The Israeli prime minister, Benjamin Netanyahu, now describes Israel's future as "before and before the war."

Yorod Nash Darun, the Israeli hero, hides into who wrote "Eagents," uses the dismissal on this Jewish's society. "A lot of the thinking, and also the practice about what Canada is here, is the end of thought, what it means to be a power, to re-entering, was done by Jewish thinkers," he retitled. He added:

For 2,000 years, Zeus allows the world into studying and learning as the highest spiritual activity. After 2,000 years, one of the best in the best of Israel, the have needed for 2,000 years. What has you learned?

And they people like Nenayoglu tell you. Oh, we have learned that you need to be a Roman, that you need to be among that you need to build legions, that you need to destroy cities. This is the only thing that makes it all. It is legitimate value system. Rome had been a great deal for the 2,000 years. He does simply become the Roman, what can the great? Why did Zeus cause 2,000 years, then? You could have just become Roman back then.

THE NEW YORK TIMES—In order one of our oldest social crisis must have again. To be in the best of Indies Christianity into the law of Zeus, so we can see why it might matter and what it might still have to say. And

What Odysseus sees, eventually, is that his violations of the moral order have brought into it all around him. Aggressions, the king who described the law against Troy, is dead, his own ability to be with, who never forget to him for sacrificing their daughter for fair words. Troy is destroyed. Hisace, Odysseus' home, is overcome from a themed, his wife and land and black nothing of murdering his own in their pursuit. Odysseus and his man were not fighting the barbermen. Very were the blemishers. And their actions led to more harkards.

So, too, has the political movement

that once promising to make Western civilization great again betrayed its inheritance. The world now looks at America and now on as the last horizon the country is going to be global order, the country that takes what it wants and demands tribute from those who are in the world.

And what the political opposition has to do over is recognize what is recognized. That it is an affirmation of our civilizations' values to our that cruelty is a weakness. That only compassion and reciprocity build a dactylic and decent society. That order is necessary but order without ethics and record is a pre-recessive, perfect decision. That there is build beauty and wisdom in the opposition to avoid inflicting on others who we would not see beyond against us and its manufacturing that we were strangers in the land of Egypt, too.

At the end of his book, Hyde considers what the trickster's train makes it one and what is the most urgent action. His answer is that the variation comes when you cannot reject the world. A able bound demand the earth, with poison shipped on both the country, and the end of the world is the result. Hermon becomes a science for between our world and the soul in world, allowing Perception, and spring, to return each year. In other words, it is only when an event works can be treated that cultures can rediscover their strength.

I do not want to make this too didactic, as I will just embrace. Justices in America has come, repeatedly, when these working programs realize that the language of the Tande, of the New Testament and of the Decolonies of both ponderous cures weighed on behalf of a new world. It has been more time since religion, liberalism and pretrialism had a similar table relationship in America.

But the shape of the modern right has created space to do that work again. Regeneration is hard. It requires seeing all values in one ways. It requires everything that material does, because that has collapsed into clash holds power is an age where has been debased and forgotten. But it can be done. It needs to be done.

Nolan's Odysseus is not a trickster. He is a man living in the ruins brought about by tricksters. So, too, are we. This time, and the system not, is a sign that the age of the trickster is making. Now we need those who would remain this world.

Why state ownership of A.I. is a bad idea

EDITORIAL BOARD, FROM PAES—the idea of investing in A.I. companies to the Orpement make that the administration should start your in the business of a maker brief. These ideas are narrowly ag, allowing the public to participate in the company's profits that set in its decision making.

Even more than three of government support, however, can still be problematic. The mortgage finance companies Funate Mas and Prostile Mas offer an example. The government created the companies, but it did not maintain an ownership stake. Still, in the early 2000s, the companies proved retailers government structure to be more than one they were confident the government would be the same, as it eventually did.

The impact on the corporation is only part of the problem. State ownership doesn't just involve a company's own market-hence. It also tends to involve against regulation.

The public has not good life. All must's proposal with fresh suppliers. It is a payment. No questions is what the hopes to receive in return, and the obvious answer is that he is hoping to purchase history. The company has the government will deal less strictly with his company if every decision to use, then it is unlikely that it will be part, at the expense of the government, too. He has good reason, is judge from the historical record.

State-owned oil companies provide glazing examples. The Norwegian government is a signature of the Paris business, which establish goals for reducing emissions to limit climate change. It is also the majority of a market in England. The company's investment is also a good way to be a good way to be a good way to be a good way to be a good way to be a good way to be a good way to be a good way to be a good way to be a good way to be a good way to be a good way to be a good way to be a good way to be a good way to be a good way to be a good way to be a good way to be a good way to be a good way to be a good way

Under examples abound, South Africa has legislated more lenient emissions standards for power plants on need by the state safety company, Eileen, Shipp and the new regular Ternanok, a state-owned investment firm, to make the same financial disclosure as many privately owned investment firms. The company's strength is also a state-owned companies from its bankruptcy laws, allowing these business to borrow more cheaply.

Taking orders in A.I. companies would not increase the government's ability to control these companies. The opposite is more likely. There is a clear need for legislation to govern A.I., a subject on which we will have more to put in the coming months. Writing these laws will be difficult, but the work is

The Norwegian government is a signatory of the Paris records, which establish goals for reducing emissions. It is also the majority of a market in England. Now we go down next of company. Prominent wealth provides 50 percent of Norway's annual revenue.

necessary. Ownership is not a substitute for oversight.

The government has an important role to play in ensuring that the benefits of the investment of the state are protecting the public from the potential themselves. The best way to achieve these goals, however, is not by picking

up the tools of investors, but instead by using the powers of government.

THE EDITORIAL BOARD—is a group of opinions, principles, and views over A.I. formed by expertise, research, debate and certain longstanding values. It is separate from the numerous.

QA Report - The New York Times International - 05.08.2026.pdf

Pipeline

• Extraction route: mistral-ocr
• extraction_route=mistral-ocr
• Translation chunks: 58
• Extraction warnings:
• [OCR-ROUTE] Scanned PDF detected; routing directly to MistralOCR.

Non-model Checks

• WARNING: translated output has low semantic coherence score (0.03)
• WARNING: missing numeric tokens from source: 220, 4300, 650
• WARNING: Missing proper nouns in translation: Aaron Beuerman, Afifed Fifte

Assessing, Afifed Fifteenth, Ajamkhil Ali Khamenei, Alagad Jackson, Alex Brounberg, Ali Shambhani, Alistair Giardani, Alistair Jr, Amam Republican - WARNING: source dates, money, or percentage tokens may be missing

Model QA

PDF 翻译质量审核报告

1. 遗漏问题

• 图片标注遗漏：
• 多处图片标注未翻译（如 ![-1.](-1.)、![-2.](-2.) 等），原文图片编号（如 ![img-0.jpeg](img-0.jpeg)）被替换为无意义占位符。
• 图片说明文字（如 "Clockwise from top..."）完全遗漏。
• 版面信息遗漏：
• 报纸版面信息（如 "PAGE 4 | WORLD"）仅部分翻译，未保留原格式。
• 页码导航（如 "第2版，1-20"）与原文不符，存在随意添加/遗漏。

2. 错误翻译

• 数字错误：
• "1.4-billion-euro" 误译为 "1.4 billion欧元"（应为 "14亿欧元"）。
• "3000亿（3000亿）" 重复且单位错误（原文为 "30 billion"，应为 "300亿"）。
• "126 without a pleas" 误译为 "126个无抗辩点"（应为 "126个无需辩护的投票站"）。
• "2700页规模" 与原文 "JPMorgan’s $2.7 trillion balance sheet" 严重不符（应为 "摩根大通2.7万亿美元的资产规模"）。
• 专有名词错误：
• "Banco Monte dei Paschi di Siena" 误译为 "锡耶纳牧山银行"（应保留原文或标准译名 "锡耶纳牧山银行"，但需统一）。
• "SAFE America Act" 误译为 "《美国安全法案》"（应为 "《美国安全选举法案》"）。
• "Gavi" 误译为 "全球疫苗免疫联盟"（应为 "全球疫苗联盟"，保留英文缩写）。
• 逻辑错误：
• "the big trick of his 'Odyssey' is smuggling the core of Judeo-Christian ethics into an ancient Greek epic" 误译为 "《奥德赛》的核心把戏是将犹太-基督教伦理走私到古希腊史诗中"（应为 "《奥德赛》的最大诡计是将犹太-基督教伦理的核心巧妙融入古希腊史诗"）。
• "Trump’s finisher on the 2020 election loss" 误译为 "特朗普对2020年选举失利的执着"（应为 "特朗普对2020年选举失利的纠结"）。

3. 残留英文

• 未翻译英文：
• 多处保留英文（如 "cash-and-charm"、"levarging rights"、"vacers"、"Navy War" 等）。
• 标题 "POWER STRUGGLE" / "TRUMP REVERSAL" 仅部分翻译。
• 内部标签：
• 文件名标注（如 # The New York Times International - 05.08.2026.pdf）为交付缺陷。

4. 截断问题

• 段落截断：
• "Ezra Klein did not understand what this movie was. But this movie understands what Klein is." 后半句被截断（应为 "但这部电影理解克莱因"）。
• "KLEIN, PAGE 19" 直接保留英文，未翻译或处理。
• 引文截断：
• "The function of the trickster, writes Lewis Hyde..." 后续内容缺失（原文应为 "is 'to uncover and disrupt the very things that a culture depends on'"）。

5. 结构问题

• 章节顺序混乱：
• "世界最古老银行面临围攻" 章节被拆分为 "第1版" / "接第1版"，破坏原文连贯性。
• "U.S. restores some funds for global health care" 与 "阿尔乔姆·沃夫琴科" 章节顺序与原文不符。
• 格式错误：
• 报纸版面信息（如 "第4版，5-20"）与原文 "PAGE 4 | WORLD" 格式不一致。

6. 幻觉内容

• 无中生有：
• "2, 1条路，我已经做好了赴死的准备" 为译者添加，原文无此内容。
• "1, 2013" / "100, 10-20" 等数字组合为译者臆造。
• "《纽约时报》第二问" 为译者错误理解（原文无此标题）。

7. 其他问题

• 术语不一致：
• "Monte dei Paschi" 有时译为 "牧山银行"，有时保留 "Mores"。
• "Odysseus" 有时译为 "奥德修斯"，有时保留 "奥德赛"。
• 日期错误：
• 文件名日期 "05.08.2026" 与原文 "WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 5, 2026" 不一致（应统一为 "2026年8月5日"）。

---

结论

存在严重质量缺陷，包括： 1. 遗漏：图片说明、版面信息、关键段落。 2. 错误：数字、专有名词、逻辑理解。 3. 残留：英文术语、内部标签。 4. 截断：段落、引文不完整。 5. 幻觉：无中生有的内容。

建议：全文重新翻译，严格对照原文校对，特别关注数字、专有名词和结构完整性。