第 CLXXV 卷 . . . . 第 60,966 号 © 2026 纽约时报公司 TUESDAY, AUGUST 4, 2026
对摩洛哥人而言，把握希望值得冒险 失业率飙升驱使年轻人离开 作者：BEN HUBBARD 和 AIDA ALAMI
摩洛哥，夫尼德克 (FNIDEQ) —— 上周三，摩洛哥的穆罕默德六世国王在面向国民发表纪念其登基 27 周年的演说时，充满希望地谈到了这个北非国家的未来。他说，摩洛哥安全稳定，经济不断增长，在旅游业、投资和制造业方面取得了巨大进步。“这是我们国家发展的关键时刻，”这位 62 岁的君主说。“这是一个信心和乐观应当战胜绝望和沮丧的时刻。”
然而，在接下来的两天里，数以万计的公民试图逃离该国。由于对在摩洛哥的前景感到凄凉，他们冒着与警察冲突的风险，在海中进行危险的游泳，试图抵达西班牙的领土塞塔，以期获得更好的生活。
特朗普推动
“我尝试努力工作，找一份工作谋生，但这里对我来说没有任何机会，” 21 岁的建筑工人穆罕默德·基纳尼 (Mohammed Kinani) 说道，他此前被强制遣返回摩洛哥。“如果我不离开这个国家，没有什么能救我。”
极地船队的无标单协议
基纳尼是周四开始的一场突然大迁徙的一部分，当时有 50,000 至 60,000 名移民开始强行进入塞塔，这是一个位于北非海岸的西班牙微小领土。到周六，由于缺乏食物和水，许多移民已经离开，西班牙安全部队驱逐了其他人，但在这次危机之前，极右翼政治家已经利用此事件获得了新的弹药，用以抨击对手在移民问题上的观点。
本文作者为 Christopher Flavelle, Andrea Fuller 和 Nicholas Nehamas。
去年 8 月的一个深夜，芬兰总统亚历山大·斯图布在距离赫尔辛基两小时车程西边的夏季住所时，电话响了。电话另一头是特朗普总统，他打来电话提出了一个请求。他想购买一支旨在破开北极冰层的庞大船队。
西班牙当局周日表示，他们在危机期间记录到 72 人死亡。摩洛哥政府报告 11 人死亡。双方均表示，大多数死亡原因是溺水。
特朗普长期以来一直痴迷于这些被称为极地破冰船的庞大船只。他认为这些船对于主导北极至关重要，在北极，温度升高使得关键航线和巨大的矿产财富成为了争夺目标。而且，他对美国拥有的数量远少于俄罗斯感到愤怒。
在边境出现令人震惊的混乱景象之前，摩洛哥政府有很多值得庆祝的成就：物流和工业投资，共同举办 2030 年男子世界杯的准备工作，以及与总统的紧密关系。
两个月后，特朗普先生和斯图布先生坐在椭圆形办公室里，宣布一项价值近 70 亿美元 billion、由两国造船厂共同建造 11 艘破冰船的协议。
（接第 A7 页）
右转 欧洲对塞塔的强硬语气表明，自 2015 年以来态度发生了怎样的变化。 第 A7 页
这种安排非常罕见 （接第 A10 页）
美国民主社会党在是否应缓和语气上产生分歧 作者：KELLEN BROWNING
芝加哥 —— 当美国民主社会党的一位领导人最近出现在“福克斯新闻周日”节目中，并热情地肯定了该团体的纲领——包括取消美国参议院和致力于废除监狱等目标时，民主党战略家们焦虑万分，而共和党人则垂涎三尺。两党都预测，承认此类目标可能会阻碍
进步派候选人和其他民主党人在中期选举中被贴上了极端主义的标签。在周末于芝加哥举行的美国民主社会党（D.S.A.）全国峰会上，许多看过福克斯新闻采访的民主社会主义者感受到了不同的情绪：自豪感。“你必须不断地推动并主张那些人们尚未思考的事情，直到他们开始思考为止，”来自西雅图的 D.S.A. 领导人钱普里特·辛格（Chanpreet Singh）说道。作为该国最大的社会组织，该组织的数百名成员在政治影响力激增的时刻聚集在芝加哥，有些人穿着鲜红色的衬衫，与他们的“同志”交换罢工技巧。D.S.A. 的一些人很乐意推动许多美国人认为激进的立场。
续接第 A16 页
国际 A4-11 亚洲孤独的旅游热点
体育 B6-10 习惯于 N.F.L. 的大挑战
国家 A12-17, 20 争议之风 一些依赖欧洲游客的城镇和城市正遭受痛苦，因为高昂的机票价格和中东枢纽的混乱让许多人远离。第 A4 页
阿拉斯加的冲浪之兴与风险
伊朗认为自己占据上风 通过扩大战争领域，德黑兰发出了关于战争扩大风险的警告。第 A8 页
讣告 B11-12 伊斯兰民族的一位高层官员 约翰·阿里（John Ali），98, 岁，曾与马尔科姆·X 发生冲突，并被一些人怀疑在其 1965 年遇刺案中扮演了某种角色。第 B11 页
周日，在多达 60,000 人进入与摩洛哥接壤的西班牙领土塞塔后，移民们返回摩洛哥。
免费儿童照护可能使城市多花数十亿美元 作者：ELIZA SHAPIRO
90 亿美元 Billion 的预测 市长佐兰·马姆达尼为所有 5 岁以下纽约市儿童建立免费儿童照护系统的愿景，其成本可能远高于他的估计，根据周一发布的一份报告。
远超马姆达尼的数字 为 6 周大起的所有儿童创建免费且普及的儿童照护系统，无论家庭收入如何，每年将花费约 60 亿美元 billion。该市目前为 3 岁和 4 岁儿童提供免费学前教育，从今年秋天开始为 2 岁儿童提供有限名额。由与新学院（New School）相关的非党派研究机构——纽约市事务中心（Center for New York City Affairs）开发的一个新模型估计，拟议的项目每年将耗资 90 亿美元 billion，每个孩子的平均成本约为 $27,000. 市长利用 60 亿美元 billion 这个数字来论证，州政府需要对纽约的最高收入者增税，以支付更多席位的费用。这比该市在 2025. 年在儿童照护上的支出多出约 50 亿美元 billion。市长办公室尚未发布自己的成本模型。作为候选人，马姆达尼先生表示，他认为免费儿童照护是迄今为止最雄心勃勃、最复杂且最...
干涉 特朗普总统危及了司法部的多起案件。第 A13 页
纽约市事务中心的报告可能会使市长的雄心计划复杂化。
密歇根州参议院竞选是民主党未来的风向标 作者：REID J. EPSTEIN 和 SAM EASTER
一场紧张的战斗 民主党最激烈、最昂贵的参议院初选将在周二于密歇根州达到高潮。这是一个关键的中期战场，一名造反的进步派正试图在一次被视为是对该党未来进行全民公投的竞争中，击败一名由建制派支持的温和派。虽然民调...
在过去一个月中进行的调查显示，竞争情况尚不确定。近期几项公开民调显示埃尔-赛义德博士（Dr. El-Sayed）处于领先地位，且民主党人日益将他视为该竞选的[缺失文本]。代表海莉·史蒂文斯（Haley Stevens）与前公共卫生[缺失文本]埃尔-赛义德博士之间的竞选。
SCIENCE TIMES D1-8 “高T”军队的危险 在担任布朗队教练六年之后，凯文·斯特凡斯基（Kevin Stefanski）准备尝试扭转猎鹰队的局面。第B9页
夏日时制的真实代价 在特纳盖恩臂（Turnagain Arm）疾速上升的潮汐bore可以将一名冲浪者带走6英里；它也可能致命。第B6页
人工智能加速创作民谣 在一名男子被移民与海关执法局（ICE）杀害后，技术帮助创作了一首corrido（一种通过歌曲记录悲剧的传统）。第A14页
艺术 C1-6 芭蕾舞演员的新动作 近期从美国芭蕾舞剧院退休的米斯蒂·科普兰（Misty Copeland）正在乔伊斯剧院（Joyce Theater）策划一场节日活动。第C1页
天气 今日，局部晴，湿度降低，最高 84.。今晚，局部多云，最低 72.。明日，局部多云，下午局部有雷阵雨，最高 83.。天气图见第B8页。
加拿大的价格可能更高 $4.00
布兰什备忘录留有漏洞，特朗普基金不具法律约束力 持反对意见者获得安抚，为司法部长确认铺平道路 作者：DEVLIN BARRETT 华盛顿 —— 由代理司法部长托德·布兰什（Todd Blanche）发布的两份文件，缩小或取消了解决特朗普总统起诉美国国税局（I.R.S.）协议中的部分内容，这满足了两名共和党持反对意见者的要求。北卡罗来纳州的参议员汤姆·蒂利斯（Thom Tillis）和德克萨斯州的参议员约翰·科宁（John Cornyn）此前拒绝支持布兰什先生的提名，除非他以书面形式承诺取消一项 18 亿美元 基金（该基金将纳税人的钱输送给总统的盟友），并对该计划中为特朗普先生及其亲信提供广泛免于国税局审计保护的部分设定更严格的限制。
SERGEY PONOMAREV 为 纽约时报 拍摄
然而，批评者表示，这些书面保证是对政治问题的政治解决方案，而非具有法律约束力的文件。
……马姆达尼（Mamdani）先生推动扩大城市安全网计划中一项昂贵的组成部分。新的预测强调了在全市各家庭都将育儿成本飙升列为难以在纽约市维持生活的首要原因之际，即使是为他的计划筹集部分资金也可能多么困难。
“这个案件从一开始就公然违法，他们显然在尝试寻找一种政治手段，在不放弃实际执行这一非法和解协议之法律权利的情况下，让司法部长获得确认，”新泽西州前民主党司法部长马修·普拉特金（Matthew Platkin）说道。他目前在私人执业，代表多名就该基金提起诉讼的人员。
但该中心的报告作者之一、经济与财政政策工作主任劳伦·梅洛迪亚（Lauren Melodia）表示，研究表明，如果不能从州政府或联邦政府（或者两者）获得数十亿美元的新收入，马姆达尼先生几乎不可能兑现他的承诺。
司法部未回应置评请求。
数周以来，布兰什先生一直拒绝就他向立法者提供的证词提供书面确认，即特朗普先生的基金已彻底终结，或者税务保护的适用范围比他最初指令中的语言更窄。但周日晚上，政府做出了让步。
大约 30 亿美元 的缺口将 [续第A14页]
布兰什先生发布的两份文件之一指出，创建该基金的指令“已被撤销，且不具有任何效力”。
第二份文件限制了一项规定，该规定此前为特朗普先生及其亲属以及“相关或附属个人”提供了广泛的免于税务审计的保护。布兰奇先生的新书面命令称，该条款仅涵盖总统、他的两个儿子及其公司，且“仅追溯适用”。蒂利斯先生和科宁先生在一份声明中表示，这些文件消除了他们的顾虑，结束了导致布兰奇先生确认程序停滞数日的党内僵局。参议员们补充说，他们认为该部门已在“具有约束力的书面命令中承认”审计保护范围有限，“解决了多位共和党同事共同的担忧”。（续见 A13 页） 纽约时报 记者 DAVE SANDERS，他在参议院初选中保持中立。“你必须担心安保问题。你不知道谁会试图破坏。目前的形势非常可怕。”
左翼与中间派 在最近一次与 MuslimGirl.com 创始人 Amani Al-Khatahtbeh 的采访中，El-Sayed 博士称史蒂文斯女士是“美国能力最差的候选人”。史蒂文斯女士在社交媒体上的部分回应是：“美国每个人都明白你想把所有问题都归咎于……”在选民准备做出选择之际，候选人们在最后冲刺阶段正以尖锐的批判性措辞相互攻击。他们的支持者则可能更为激烈。“是威胁，是丑陋的行为，”密歇根州民主党众议员黛比·丁格尔（Debbie Dingell）说道。（续见 A15 页）
商业 B1-5 准备迎接冬季燃料价格 一个佛罗里达小镇对水污染以及弥漫的大麻气味的担忧，目标指向一家医疗大麻巨头生产商。第 A12 页 一项新的美国军事政策引发了人们对睾酮对某些男性攻击性影响的担忧。第 D1 页 在整个欧洲，天然气储备不足，这意味着家庭和企业的成本将更高。第 B1 页 SpaceX 可能会经历波动 周四，员工和内部人士将从首次股票“禁售期”中释放。抛售即将开始。第 B1 页 科学家们记录了一年两次的时间切换对公共健康和经济的影响。第 D1 页
观点 A18-19 莫琳·瑞安（Maureen Ryan） 第 A19 页
A2 纽约时报，2026 年 8 月 4 日，星期二
时报内部 A.G. SULZBERGER 出版人 创立于 1851 ADOLPH S. OCHS 出版人 1896-1935 ARTHUR OCHS SULZBERGER 出版人 1963-1992 ARTHUR HAYS SULZBERGER 出版人 1935-1961 ARTHUR OCHS SULZBERGER JR. 出版人 1992-2017 ORVIL E. DRYFOOS 出版人 1961-1963
观点 KATHLEEN KINGSBURY 观点编辑
新闻 JOSEPH KAHN 执行编辑 MARC LACEY 执行总编辑
商业 CAROLYN RYAN 执行总编辑 MEREDITH KOPIT LEVIEN 首席执行官 SAM DOLNICK 副执行总编辑 WILLIAM T. BARDEEN 首席财务官 MONICA DRAKE 副执行总编辑 DIANE BRAYTON 首席法律官兼秘书 STEVE DUENES 副执行总编辑 JACQUELINE M. WELCH 首席人力资源官 R. ANTHONY BENTEN 首席会计官，财务主管 MATTHEW ERICSON 助理执行总编辑 ALEXANDRA HARDIMAN 首席产品官 JONATHAN
根据 10 月的一项美联社-NORC 调查，只有 12 percent 的美国人表示他们希望继续按照夏令时在一年中两次调整时钟。
人工智能正帮助人们在几小时内创作 corridos——这是墨西哥传统的民谣叙事曲，几代以来一直帮助墨西哥和美籍墨西哥人社区以自己的方式理解暴力、不公正和丧亲之痛。
随着山火在法国、西班牙、希腊等地肆虐，以及几波毁灭性的热浪影响巴黎和伦敦等大城市，欧洲正经历一个清算的夏天。一些旅行者在质疑，现在是否应该完全放弃西欧的夏季之旅。您的旅行计划是否受到了高温或火灾的影响？如果是这样，我们想听听您的想法。
在欧洲，家庭和企业广泛用于锅炉和暖炉的天然气存储设施仅填充了 54 percent。这是自 2011 年以来夏季的第二低水平。
艾米·舒默（Amy Schumer）是唯一一位在麦迪逊广场花园以主演出席脱口秀表演的女喜剧演员。
柬埔寨旅游官员表示，今年前三个月的国际入境人数比去年同期下降了 45 percent。
是否还有其他保留死刑的民主国家？
未来的趋势是什么？在民粹主义和威权主义复兴的时刻，我们是否应该预期死刑也会复苏？
越来越多的证据表明，预防带状疱疹的疫苗也能预防痴呆症，将认知功能下降的风险降低约 20 percent。
民主党最近报告债务超过 $2，而共和党全国委员会银行账户中有 $128.5。
[图注] LOUISA GOULIAMAKI / REUTERS 周一，一架直升机在雅典西部的内亚佩拉莫斯（Nea Peramos）附近与山火作斗争。
提示：您的欧洲之行是否受到高温或山火的影响？ 请告诉我们：如果您取消了欧洲之行，您原计划去哪里？是什么说服您改变计划的？如果您在高温和火灾的情况下依然旅行，它们是如何影响您的旅程的？ 如需分享您的回答，请填写 nytimes.com / readers 的表格。在事先联系您之前，我们不会发布您的回答。
上个月是美国恢复死刑 50 周年。非营利新闻机构 The Marshall Project 的记者 Maurice Chammah 最近与《纽约时报》的 Serial 团队合作制作了一个名为“最后 12 周”的播客，重点关注一组律师试图阻止其当事人被执行死刑的努力。在 The World 栏目中，Katrin Bennhold 就该播客以及美国对死刑异常的执着与 Chammah 先生进行了对话。以下是编辑后的摘录。
是的，但这极其罕见，在保留死刑的民主国家中，美国的执行人数最多。这绝对是与威权政体关联度更高的事情。那些国家的执行人数远超美国。去年，美国有 47 人被执行死刑。相比之下，沙特阿拉伯执行了 356 人，而伊朗则超过 1,000 人。
是有可能的。大赦国际去年发布的一份报告将所谓的威权主义抬头与执行死刑联系起来。威权主义和民粹主义不是同一回事，但我们看到两者在全球范围内都在上升。特朗普一直在试图加强联邦死刑的使用。我们还看到各种不同的实验性执行方式在回归，比如行刑队。在以色列，议会（Knesset）今年早些时候通过了一项法律，允许对犯罪行为危害以色列国的个人执行死刑——换句话说，这是一项预计仅适用于巴勒斯坦人的法律。
但实际上，从整体来看，长期趋势是向下的。在美国，被判死刑的人数自 20 世纪 90 年代最后一次达到顶峰以来一直在下降。陪审团似乎对判处死刑的兴趣在降低。检察官寻求死刑的频率也不再那么高。公众的胃口实际上已经没有以前那么强烈了。
是自新冠疫情蔓延以来 最大的动荡
作者：约翰·尤恩 (JOHN YOON) 和 穆克蒂塔·苏哈托诺 (MUKTITA SUHARTONO)
孔蒙尼 (Khon Mony) 通常每周至少用他的突突车接送四组游客前往柬埔寨的吴哥窟古石塔。但在整个五月，他一个顾客也没有接到。
他将此归咎于 3,000 英里外中东地区正在肆虐的战争。
自从美国和以色列在二月底袭击伊朗以来，机票价格飙升——部分航线甚至翻了一番——且战斗多次干扰了迪拜和多哈这两个商业航空枢纽的航班运行。
虽然柬埔寨、印度尼西亚和泰国的旅游业凭借区域内旅行在很大程度上保持了韧性，但一些依赖欧洲游客的城镇和城市则遭受了打击。旅游业官员表示，近几个月来，许多欧洲游客取消了前往这些热点地区的行程，转而选择在离家更近的地方度假。
这给 30 岁的孔先生带来了巨大的财务困难。他说，每次为 7 个月大的孩子准备奶粉时，他只用一勺奶粉，而不是建议的两勺半，这样可以将一罐奶粉的维持时间从 10 天延长到三周。
“我担心我的女儿不够健康，因为我不能像以前那样给她足够的牛奶，”孔先生说道，此时他正望着柬埔寨主要旅游枢纽暹粒的一条安静街道。
旅游业官员表示，这场战争带来的后果是自新冠疫情以来，对东南亚至关重要的旅游业造成的最剧烈的冲击。
旅游官员称，在柬埔寨，今年前三个月的国际入境人数比去年同期下降了 45 百分比。孔先生说，他以前接送游客每天平均收入约 82,000 柬埔寨里尔，即 $20。现在这一数字已降至每天不足 $5。
暹粒吴哥国际机场的商家削减了工作时间。25 岁的林兰 (Lam Lan) 是一家机场餐厅的厨师，他表示自三月以来，他的轮班时间从每月 30 天被削减到约 20 天。他的月收入从 $250 降至不足 $150。
林先生说，在扣除汽油成本和债务还款后，在他的妻子怀第二个孩子期间，他仅有足够的钱为 1 岁的女儿买豆奶。
“我很担心我的第二个孩子，因为我没有为他的出生存钱，”林兰说。
春金森 (Chrun Kimseng)，一名为西班牙语游客讲解吴哥窟超过 30 年的导游表示，他的收入比伊朗战争开始前减少了 35 百分比。为了弥补损失，他开始种植蔬菜和养鸡，以降低伙食开支。
“我现在 Income 仅够生存，”他说。
在邻国泰国的攀牙省，也出现了类似的危机。当地官员表示，自战争开始以来，那里的酒店预订量下降了约 50 百分比。
在苏拉库尔码头 (Surakul Pier) ——前往曾出现在詹姆斯·邦德电影中的鸡蛋岛 (Koh Khao Phing Kan) 的游船主要门户 —— 经济损失清晰可见。这里曾经有源源不断的微型巴士和长尾船每天运送数千名游客，而现在几十艘船闲置在此，在泊位前静静地摇晃。
“我不知道我们还能撑多久，” 46 岁的钱尼帕·拉克莱姆 (Channipha Laklaem) 说。她负责收取码头 10 泰铢（约 $0.30）的船费。她说，自战争开始以来，几乎没有行程可以收取费用。
她说，她的丈夫一名从事船员工作 16 年的操船手，自四月以来就没有任何顾客。全家现在完全依赖她每月 $243 的工资。她说，每天晚上回家路上，她都会在路边停下来采集野生牵牛花叶和刺原花果，为丈夫和两个孩子煮成简单的汤。
53 岁的 Rungrat Huailek 在攀牙省经营游船之旅 30 年，他表示随着欧洲游客的离去，当地居民正在削减非必要开支。他表示，他的月收入从大约 $900 降至约 $300，他被迫花光了大部分积蓄。
“我们过去周末会带孩子出去娱乐。我们过去会出去吃饭，”Channipha 女士说。“现在不再这样了。那是我们负担不起的奢侈品。”
当他的青春期女儿在最近的一次学校假期要求去度假时， he 让他在最近的便利店买个零食。他说，那是他们唯一负担得起的出行。
“现在情况看起来如此黯淡，”Rungrat 先生说。“我能做的就是祈祷并耐心等待。”
全球旅游热点——印度尼西亚的巴厘岛则表现出更强的韧性。由于来自澳大利亚和中国的游客源源不断，其经济在一定程度上免受了伊朗战争冲击的影响。但专门服务于欧洲游客的当地旅游运营商表示，他们对未来几个月感到担忧。
巴厘岛省长 Wayan Koster 表示，伊朗战争减少了通过中东旅游枢纽中转到达该岛的欧洲游客数量。该岛旅游代理协会主席 Putu Winastra 表示，他已经冻结了公司的工资，因为他预计今年的预订量将下降 45 percent。
Winastra 先生表示，巴厘岛的旅游官员已经发起了一项紧急活动，在其他地方寻找新客户，向澳大利亚、中国、新加坡和韩国派遣销售代表团。印度尼西亚政府还免除了国内经济舱机票的税收，以鼓励印度尼西亚人地度假。
在战争看不到明确终点的情况下，旅游从业者在即兴应对以求生存。攀牙省的一些船员已经回归捕鱼业或从事农业工作。在附近的泰国度假小镇考拉克，41 岁的美甲师 Nantipa Yamsantia 表示，她已经开始接受培训成为一名按摩师。
在暹粒，Khon 先生每天早晨依然出现在出租车停靠站，等待着极少会出现的客源。作为一名曾经的厨房帮工，他正在权衡是否要完全放弃他的突突车去寻找餐厅工作，尽管当地餐馆也在削减员工工时。
目前，他在削减自己的饮食，以便能给女儿多给一点粥。
“我没有其他选择，”他说。
[图注] 一名工人在暹粒的一家水疗中心前摆放服务折扣标志，暹粒是柬埔寨的主要旅游枢纽。
[图注] 暹粒吴哥窟寺庙群堤道上的游客。第一季度抵达柬埔寨的国际游客人数下降了 45 percent。
[图注] 吴哥窟寺庙群外的突突车司机在等待乘客。其中一名司机 Khon Mony 在五月份没有接到一个客人。
[图注] 泰国著名的繁忙旅游枢纽考拉克的一家餐厅里只有一名游客。
[图注] 泰国考拉克一个几乎空无一人的海滩。近几个月来，许多欧洲游客取消了旅行，转而选择在离家更近的地方度假。
[图注] 摄影：LAUREN DeCICCA 为 纽约时报 拍摄
DANIELE VOLPE 为 纽约时报 供稿 前总统 Porfilio Lobo 在洪都拉斯同样被指控腐败，但他在上个月赢得了案件的驳回。
被特朗普赦免的前领导人将在洪都拉斯面对司法审判 美国法院判定他犯有何罪？ 作者：JOAN SUAZO 和 EMILIANO RODRÍGUEZ MEGA
洪都拉斯，特古西加尔巴 —— 就在八个月前，胡安·奥兰多·埃尔南德斯（Juan Orlando Hernández）正准备在西弗吉尼亚州的一所联邦监狱开始执行 45 年的监禁，罪名是涉及广泛的毒品走私和武器指控。在埃尔南德斯先生于 2022 年结束其第二个总统任期后不到三周，美国当局便请求洪都拉斯新上任的左翼政府将其逮捕并引渡。现在，埃尔南德斯先生回到了故土，在自己的国家面对司法审判。不久后，精锐警员包围了他在首都特古西加尔巴的住所，他被戴上手铐并被空运
至美国。作为一名洪都拉斯前总统，他在 2022 年被引渡到美国，此前他被指控将自己的国家运营为“毒品国家”，并称他将通过向美国大量倾销可卡因，把毒品“直接塞进那些美国佬（gringos）的鼻子里”。两年前，他在美国一家联邦法院被判定有罪。但在其家人和右翼政治操盘手游说释放后，特朗普总统在 11 月赦免了他。
2024 年，纽约的一家联邦法院判定埃尔南德斯先生有罪，罪名是将洪都拉斯用作 400 吨运往美国的可卡因的主要中转枢纽，并授权使用机关枪和榴弹发射器来保护一个毒品走私帝国。在法庭上，法官 P. Kevin Castel 称埃尔南德斯先生为一名“贪恋权力的两面政治家”，在秘密与贩毒者合作的同时，伪装成反毒战士。在被
判刑之前，埃尔南德斯先生坚称自己一直是政治迫害的目标。
“今天我回到了我的祖国，”在 2014 年至 2022 年期间领导该国的埃尔南德斯先生在一周多前返回时对聚集的支持者人群说道。“我回来是为了成为又一名建设、提升和统一——无论是在党内还是党外——的洪都拉斯人。”
他说：“我就像被反绑双手扔进了深河之中。”
美国检察官还表示，埃尔南德斯先生从犯罪分子那里收到了“数百万美元的毒品资金”，其中包括来自臭名昭著的墨西哥毒枭 Joaquín Guzmán Loera（即“快跑”El Chapo）的资金。
然而，他的归国开启了一场新的法律斗争。尽管他的美国定罪记录已被抹除，且在洪都拉斯针对他的逮捕令被暂停后才推迟回国，但埃尔南德斯先生仍然是洪都拉斯一项名为“潘多拉案”（Pandora Case）的巨额贪污调查的目标。该调查聚焦于一个由立法者和高级政治家组成的网络，据称他们在 2010 年至 2013 年期间挪用了原定用于社会项目、农业和减贫的公共资金。
他为何被赦免？ 埃尔南德斯先生的诉求得到了像 Roger J. Stone Jr. 这样保守派人物的支持，后者本人在 2020 年被特朗普先生赦免。斯通先生是特朗普先生的长期朋友和盟友，他承认去年亲自向白宫递交了赦免请求，理由是政治左翼错误地陷害了埃尔南德斯先生。
洪都拉斯检察官表示，他们随后将那些资金转入私人基金会，用于资助政治竞选 —— 其中包括埃尔南德斯先生在 2013 年成功的总统竞选。
他一直坚称针对他的指控是出于政治目的。尽管关于埃尔南德斯先生关系的调查……
毒品贩子，主要发生在特朗普先生的第一任期内。白宫表示他被“陷害”并成为目标，是因为“他反对拜登政府的价值观”。以下是关于赫尔南德斯先生重新回到聚光灯下地面对洪都拉斯司法审判时需要了解的情况。Annie Correal 贡献了报道。
“几乎没有提供独立的证据，”由 ALAN YUHAS 报道。在亚马逊西南部上空飞行时，考古学家发现了数百个刻在地球上的古代巨型设计，暗示在西班牙和葡萄牙殖民者到达一千年前，雨林中就存在复杂的社会。这项本周发表在《自然》（Nature）杂志上的研究显示，在森林冠层下方有圆圈、正方形和其他几何图形，其中一些带有连接道路，总共发现了近 400 个此前未知的土方工程。许多是考古学家称之为地画（geoglyphs）的结构，日期在公元前 600 年至公元 850 年之间。所有这些都增加了证据，反驳了将亚马逊描绘成在 15 世纪欧洲人到来之前基本未被触及的广袤土地的说法。
“亚马逊西南部的景观改造，”埃克塞特大学的考古学家何塞·伊里亚特（José Iriarte）说道，他没有参与这项研究。为了观察玻利维亚、巴西和秘鲁边界附近茂密冠层下的情况，研究人员使用了名为激光雷达（lidar）的激光扫描技术——这是“光探测与测距”的缩写——全球的考古学家和其他学者已使用该技术来绘制肉眼不可见地点的地图。他说，进一步的挖掘对于调查这些在许多方面仍然神秘的地画至关重要，包括“它们是如何被使用的，以及它们是否与居住、仪式或其他活动相关”。
这些由堤岸、土丘和战壕构成的地画大小不一。大多数占地 7 英亩，其中许多带有 30 英尺宽和 15 英尺深的沟渠。最大的图形延伸超过 120 英亩。研究人员部分参考了居住在土方工程区域中心的原住民群体阿普里纳（Apurinã）民族的口述记录，表示这些设计可能具有多种用途。
“这是一项重要且宏大的研究，基于该地区异常广泛的激光雷达覆盖，揭示了前哥伦布时期惊人的规模。我们非常确定这些被用于节日、政治场合、仪式、舞蹈、音乐以及像竞争之类的活动。”
纽约时报 2026, 8, 4 星期二 A6 国际版
总检察长发布了国际逮捕令并请求国际刑警组织发布红色通缉令，寻求拘留赫尔南德斯先生。但在 6 月，在该国司法部门接受了他的自愿投案请求后，这两项都被暂停了。
特朗普的新闻秘书卡罗琳·莱维特（Karoline Leavitt）在 12 月赦免后告诉记者，并补充说，赫尔南德斯先生的定罪在很大程度上依赖于寻求减轻 sentence 的“承认犯罪者”的证词。特朗普先生的赦免还恰逢他对赫尔南德斯先生政党的右翼总统候选人纳斯里·阿斯夫拉（Nasry Asfura）的背书，后者在去年的选举中获胜。
洪都拉斯人如何看待他的回归？赫尔南德斯先生抵达洪都拉斯后，公众舆论产生了分歧。
他在国内面临什么指控？上周，由耶稣会人权中心 ERIC-SJ 进行的一项全国性调查发现，52% 的参与者反对他的回归。但 46% 的人表示支持。洪都拉斯检察官对赫尔南德斯先生提出了欺诈和洗钱指控，指控他挪用了大约 $2.4 million
利用包括农业部在内的公共资金，为他在领导国民大会期间的 2013 年总统竞选提供资金。对于支持者而言，埃尔南德斯先生是政治迫害的受害者，他的回国像是彻底的洗清冤屈。而对于批评者来说，他仍然是国家腐败的终极象征。据称，这些资金通过两个非营利组织进行洗钱，以掩盖其公共资金来源，随后被注入他的竞选活动中。“看到胡安·奥兰多再次踏上洪都拉斯的土地，让我感到内心非常平静，”特古西古尔帕的一名学校清洁工桑德拉·加尔维斯（Sandra Gálvez），52, 岁，说道。
考古学家在亚马逊发现古代象形文字，挑战对其过去认知 马蒂·帕尔西宁 (MARTTI PÄRSSINEN) 与 法比奥·德·诺瓦埃斯 (FABIO DE NOVAES) 在亚马逊雨林中发现的数百个地画中，包括圆圈、正方形和几何图形。右图为巴西阿克里州一座土方建筑的激光雷达图像。这些遗址进一步证明了在哥伦布到达之前，亚马逊盆地人口密集。
“球赛，”该研究主作者、赫尔辛基大学名誉教授马蒂·帕尔西宁说道。在 era, 时期的土丘中，没有发现永久居住的证据，该时期约于 900 年 A.D. 结束。他们也不认为其中任何一个是为了防御而建的结构。研究人员将这些结构归功于一个他们称之为 Aquiry 的古代社会，帕尔西宁博士将其描述为一个多文化、多语言的群体，他们“共有一个共同的宇宙观”，这反映在这些礼仪中心中。
但这些结构横跨 1,700 平方英里的区域，证明了在哥伦布到达前的几个世纪里，亚马逊盆地人口广泛且密集。像加斯帕尔·德·卡瓦哈尔（Gaspar de Carvajal）这样的记录者——一位在 1540 年代与征服者弗朗西斯科·德·奥雷利亚纳（Francisco de Orellana）一同游历亚马逊的传教士——描述这片土地在某些地方“人口稠密”，有许多大型定居点，其中一个定居点“延伸五个联盟之远，房舍之间没有间隙”。
“还没有人完全弄清楚”这些地画的确切用途或含义，它们可能具有与天文相关的形状，伊利诺伊大学芝加哥分校的人类学教授安娜·罗斯福（Anna Roosevelt）表示，她并未参与该团队。帕尔西宁博士表示，考古学家尚未发现任何证据。
这些描述在很大程度上 [原文此处断开] LEONEL ESTRADA / 路透社 胡安·奥兰多·埃尔南德斯，2014 年至 2022, 年担任洪都拉斯总统，于上月返回其国家。左图为 2022. 年他被引渡至美国。
现在会发生什么？埃尔南德斯先生定于周一在洪都拉斯最高法院法官面前进行初步传唤，届时法官将决定在诉讼过程中是否将其羁押。随后将举行证据听证会。法官随后可以将案件送交审理、搁置或完全撤销指控。如果案件进入审理阶段，短期内不会结束。复杂的银行记录、壳公司和政治融资网络意味着审计和上诉可能会轻易将法律战拖延数年。
ELMER MARTINEZ / 美联社 然而，已经存在一个有利于他的强有力法律先例。作为埃尔南德斯先生所属的保守派国民党支持者，加尔维斯女士补充说，特朗普总统的赦免“证明了我们党内一直以来所说的：针对胡安·奥兰多的审判是由罪犯和政治敌人编造的谎言”。埃尔南德斯先生在“潘多拉案”中的一名共同被告是他的前任——前总统波菲里奥·洛博（Porfirio Lobo），美国在 2021, 年对他实施了制裁，指控其收受卡特尔贿赂。
洪都拉斯检方指控洛博先生（其任期从 2010 到 2014 年）在任期间允许公共资金被系统性地挪用。但其他人强烈反对这一观点。埃尔南德斯先生波折的任期内，由于其争议性的 2017 年连任而爆发了致命抗议，且由于人们面临暴力和贫困，导致离开洪都拉斯的移民潮激增。然而，洛博先生在上个月获得了完全免诉，因为他的辩方成功辩称，即便资金被盗，检方也无法证明他个人知情或下令盗窃。专家表示，埃尔南德斯先生的律师可能会采用类似的辩论策略。埃尔南德斯先生回到洪都拉斯的那个周日，特古西加尔帕的一位天主教神父奥维迪奥·罗德里格斯在弥撒中对庆祝前总统回归的人群发表了尖锐批评，该视频随后在网络上疯传。“如果他最终被撤销所有指控，我一点也不会感到惊讶，”反腐败律师胡安·卡洛斯·阿吉拉尔说道，并指出洪都拉斯从未定罪过前总统。
“我要这么说，并请你们原谅：洪都拉斯人民是受虐狂，”罗德里格斯神父说，他提醒公众不要忘记与埃尔南德斯先生相关的重大腐败丑闻，包括“潘多拉案”。“此案对洪都拉斯来说是一个重大考验，”阿吉拉尔先生说，“特别是对其司法系统而言。”“受虐狂，”他说，“是指那些在痛苦中生活得很快乐的人。”
厄瓜多尔东部。帕尔希宁博士的团队估计，该地区可能还存在数千处土方工程，并指出在某些地方，雨林依然如此茂密，以至于激光都无法穿透叶层。科学家们警告称，在其他地方，为了农业而进行的砍伐森林可能已经损坏或摧毁了遗址。“这种遗产正受到伐木和大豆种植的高度威胁，”圣保罗大学的考古学家爱德华多·内维斯说道，他并不在该团队中。帕尔希宁博士的团队还建议，在阿基里（Aquiry）社会的巅峰时期，即公元 100-300 年之间，仅该地区的总人口可能就高达300万人。
人口估计是研究人员之间激烈且有时充满争议的辩论主题。一些专家表示，对最新研究的建议应持谨慎态度，因为它并非基于挖掘出的定居点进行推演，而是基于其他诸多因素，例如该地区可能存在多少土方遗址，以及建设和维护这些遗址可能需要多少人员。
由于疾病和殖民化对原住民造成的毁灭性打击，在随后的几个世纪里，这些文明被抹除。后来的科学家们难以想象在没有欧洲式农业的情况下，如何能发展出如此庞大或复杂的社会，这导致人们产生了一个错误的观念，认为亚马逊是一片原始森林，而不是一个人口几乎被全部抹除的地区。“考古学家发现了所有那些本不该在亚马逊地区发现的东西，这并不是因为亚马逊在土壤方面有所不同，而是在于你如何利用森林，”罗斯福博士说。
但大多数科学家现在认为，16 世纪关于密集人口的记录并不像许多代人所相信的那样离谱。“他们认为那是卡瓦哈尔和奥雷利亚诺远征队的想象，而后者确实看到了规模巨大的定居点，”帕尔希宁博士说。在亚马逊其他地区开展的近期工作发现了道路、运河、广场和居住平台的痕迹，包括在
作者：马克·兰德勒 (MARK LANDLER)
拉巴特。“整个经济模型的逻辑就在于‘橱窗展示’，”他说。“人们访问摩洛哥，发现这里很美。”
特朗普总统曾对这个拥有 3800 万 人口的国家及其君主大加赞赏。
但塞塔移民危机揭露了该国年轻人深层的沮丧。面对匮乏的就业机会、反复的干旱以及政府批评者被频繁逮捕的现状，他们选择用脚投票，离开这里。
“你认为如果我有工作，我还会走吗？”22 岁的阿赫拉姆·阿尔-阿德南 (Ahlam al-Adnan) 在被问及出发前往塞塔之前在哪里工作时，愤愤地反问道。周日，她坐在边境附近的阳光下，显得精疲力竭。
她说，她和四个兄弟姐妹（包括她 8 岁的弟弟）一起游向了该领土。在塞塔，他们躲在一片森林里，但因为饥饿，她在寻找食物时被拘留并被遣返回摩洛哥。
在周末期间，数千名被遣返的移民（其中大多数是摩洛哥青年男子）在摩洛哥小镇夫尼德克 (Fnideq) 的街道上徘徊，在人行道上休息，在空地上睡觉。大多数人穿着短裤、T恤和凉鞋，几乎没有什么随身物品。
身着黑色制服的警察队伍在镇上巡逻，将移民赶出公共区域，并将那些反抗的人强行塞进面包车。在镇外，数十辆巴士停在一家加油站附近，装满了被抓获的移民，准备将他们运回各自的家乡地区。
那些出发前往塞塔且未曾返回的移民的焦虑亲属们坐在路边，希望听到消息。当成群的新遣返移民走过时，亲属们会向他们出示失踪亲人的照片，以防有人见过。
阿卜杜勒哈利克·穆穆赫 (Abdelkhalek Moumouh) 和他的妻子考塔-阿尔莱杰 (Kawtar Alalej) 询问关于他们 18 岁的长子萨德 (Saad) 的情况。他的父亲说，萨德最近高中毕业，但未能被录取到工程、航空和建筑专业的大学课程。他想在欧洲学习，但家庭负担不起。
上个月，穆罕默德六世国王告知特朗普先生，他将把穿过该领土的一条 656 英里的高速公路命名为“唐纳德·J·特朗普公路”。
他们说，当家人在社交媒体上看到移民进入塞塔的消息时，父母开车将儿子送到边境，希望这能成为他的机会。自那以后，他们就再也没有收到他的消息。
近年来，摩洛哥政府展示了旨在加强经济的大规模投资，包括在地中海的一个港口和一条高铁上。它正在为 2030 年世界杯挥金如土地建设体育场，摩洛哥将与西班牙和葡萄牙共同主办该届赛事。
“其他人去了欧洲并从中获益，”50 岁的穆穆赫先生说。“我们已经在摩洛哥浪费了生命，我们不希望他也那样。”
移民们离开的决心表明，经常被视为北非成功典范的摩洛哥，未能为许多年轻人提供希望。
但首都拉巴特农业研究所的经济学家纳吉布·阿克斯比 (Najib Akesbi) 表示，政府的政策集中在大型公司和大型基础设施上，而创造的持久就业机会太少。“整个经济模型的逻辑就在于‘橱窗展示’，”他说。“人们访问摩洛哥，发现这里很美。”
世界银行去年表示，在过去的十年中，摩洛哥的劳动年龄人口增长了 11.4 ％，而就业人数仅增长了 1.5 ％。他说，许多投资结果变成了“白象工程”，仅创造了在项目完工后便会消失的建筑工程，而非持久的就业。
该银行表示，创造就业依然是“一项根本性挑战”。根据政府统计数据，摩洛哥的整体失业率约为 11 ％，但在 15 至 24 岁人群中，这一数字几乎高出三倍。
早前一场关注农村地区经济困难的抗议浪潮也以抗议领导人被大规模逮捕并判刑而告终。
塞塔（Ceuta）从夫尼德克（Fnideq）的山丘和海岸线即可清晰可见，这里一直是移民们向往的地方。根据世界银行的数据，摩洛哥的人均收入为 $4,600；而在塞塔所属的西班牙，人均收入则为 $38,600。
在夫尼德克的一条后街上，36 岁的穆罕默德·赛义德（Mohammed Said）表示，他与那些前往塞塔的人一起来到了海岸边。他在七年级后辍学，从事建筑工作，但一直没能找到稳定的雇佣机会。
摩洛哥政府对于表达不满的公民几乎没有耐心。他说，当他到达边境时，现场一片混乱，车辆在燃烧，移民与安全部队发生冲突。因此，他选择了在后方等待。
去年秋天，在摩洛哥的六个多城市中爆发了由青年领导的示威活动。这些通过社交媒体组织起来的抗议活动，表达了对生活成本飙升、青年失业以及政府经济优先级（包括世界杯筹备工作）的不满。
他说，去年他曾两次尝试游向该领土，但被摩洛哥当局拦截。这一次，他做了充分的准备：一个塑料袋里装着一罐金枪鱼、一些饼干、一个手机充电器、一把梳子、两件额外的 T 恤以及一个手机塑料套。
当局通过逮捕和起诉活动人士来应对。
“我会再试一次，”他说，“这在天意之中。”
作者：马克·兰德勒 (MARK LANDLER)
巴黎 — 本周数万名移民突然涌入西班牙在北非的领土，其混乱、绝望的程度以及巨大的规模，让人想起 11 年前在希腊和意大利沿岸发生的类似场景。
正是 2015 年那场危机——当时超过一百万人（大多来自中东）涌入南欧——深化了整个欧洲对移民的反对情绪，并增强了极右翼势力的胆量。
丹麦首相梅特·弗雷德里克森 (Mette Frederiksen) 是一位社会民主主义者，她实施了欧洲最严格的庇护政策之一。她呼吁其他领导人考虑将西班牙暂停在申根区（该区域允许欧洲 29 个国家之间自由通行）。
她的反应与意大利首相乔治亚·梅洛尼 (Giorgia Meloni) 几乎没有区别，后者是一位承诺遏制移民而上台的右翼领导人。梅洛尼表示，来自塞塔的画面“令人震撼，并再次证明，不受控制的非法移民构成了具体威胁”。她在社交媒体上补充道，意大利“不会坐视不管”。
现在与当时一样，极右翼领导人试图利用欧洲门前的边境混乱局面。在英国、法国和意大利，反移民政治家警告称，最新的危机有力地证明了西班牙移民政策的危险性，因为西班牙的政策比许多欧洲邻国更为自由。
不同之处在于，这些极右翼政党在 2015, 年很大程度上还处于边缘地位，而现在它们要么在执政，要么有切实可行的上台路径。而欧洲的中道领导人们为了避免政治反弹，已采取了部分极右翼在移民问题上的强硬政策和措辞，放弃了 2015. 年时更为欢迎的态度。在短短十多年时间里，极右翼在很大程度上重塑了移民叙事。
德国总理弗里德里希·默茨 (Friedrich Merz) 要求摩洛哥“立即接回非法移民”。这与德国上一任中右翼总理安格拉·默克尔截然不同。2015 年在面对来自战争蹂躏的叙利亚难民潮时，默克尔曾留下那句名言：“wir schaffen das”——“我们可以做到”，其中许多难民如今已成为欧洲公民，融入了欧洲社会。
“如果中道领导人给人的印象是在这些问题上被抢了风头，他们将完全失去话语权，”巴黎高等商学院 (HEC Paris) 的移民与气候问题专家弗朗索瓦·格门内 (François Gemenne) 表示。“这就是为什么他们觉得必须在边境控制等问题上表现得非常强硬。”
这些反应证明了欧洲移民政策普遍在趋于强硬，这一趋势使得西班牙目前的左翼政府成为了一个特例。
像瑞典这样曾经被认为在提供入籍途径方面非常慷慨的国家，已经通过了更严格的庇护和合法居留授予规则。自 2015 年以来，海上采取的更激进措施导致海上移民人数骤降。
丹麦和法国等国家的中道领导人迅速谴责了涌入塞塔的现象，塞塔是西班牙的领土，其边境在周四被冲垮。他们誓言要加强边境以阻挡移民，尽管大多数新抵达者在数小时内就转身回到了摩洛哥。
分析人士表示，近日领导人们的强硬基调反映出一种认知：即使欧洲远未再次出现 2015 年那样的危机，公众舆论仍很容易被戏剧性的画面所左右——无论是破旧的小船在英国海滩登陆，还是年轻人翻越铁丝网进入西班牙领土。
“可见的事物会被看到并报道，”卡特瓦拉先生在谈到塞塔的混乱时说。“不可见的事物则不会。”
“问题在于可见的失控，”伦敦研究整合与身份认同的机构 British Future 的主任桑德·卡特瓦拉 (Sunder Katwala) 表示。“这将引起民粹主义政党核心受众的共鸣。”
西班牙首相佩德罗·桑切斯（Pedro Sánchez）是少数几位试图在移民问题上公开维持欢迎姿态的中道或左翼领导人之一，他在今年早些时候允许超过一百万名非法移民申请正式身份。
卡特瓦拉（Mr. Katwala）指出，今年以来通过小船偷渡穿越英吉利海峡的移民数量大幅下降。法国和英国去年宣布了一项“一进一出”协议，根据该协议，英国政府可以将部分非法穿越海峡的移民遣返。然而，英国主要的反移民政党——英国改革党（Reform U.K.）在今年的大部分时间里一直处于民调领先地位。
面对被指责此类政策鼓励了塞塔危机的质疑，桑切斯反驳称，在欢迎移民的同时保持边境控制是可能的。他断言，从 2021 到 2025 年，通过意大利、西巴尔干地区和希腊非法进入欧盟的人数多于通过西班牙进入的人数。他还指出，周四进入塞塔的大多数人在周六之前已经离开。
他在周六发表的一封致欧洲领导人的公开信中写道：“这是在与摩洛哥当局密切协调的情况下实现的，且几乎没有得到其他欧洲国家的支持，与此同时，西班牙继续执行近年来一直实施的有效且基于团结的移民政策。”
在整个欧洲，尽管移民通过任何路线抵达该大陆都变得更加困难，但极右翼政党继续兴起。根据欧盟委员会统计局（Eurostat）的数据，去年英国、德国和西班牙的净迁移人数（抵达人数减去离开人数）较前一年有所下降。而在法国和意大利，这一数字则略有上升。
[图注] 摄影：SERGEY PONOMAREV 为 纽约时报 拍摄 属于西班牙的塞塔与摩洛哥夫尼德克（Fnideq）之间的边境。左侧，从塞塔返回的移民于周日与失踪移民的亲属交谈。
“你认为如果我有工作，我还走吗？”
“其他人去了欧洲并从中获益。我们已经在摩洛哥浪费了生命，我们不希望他也这样。”
“显而易见的控制缺失才是问题所在。”
Giulia Imbert 参与了报道。
在英国，英国改革党领导人奈杰尔·法拉奇（Nigel Farage）警告称，进入塞塔的移民将向法国北海岸移动，并随后通过穿越英吉利海峡抵达英国。
2015 年的记忆在欧洲依然清晰，当时来自叙利亚、阿富汗和其他国家的涌入重塑了当地的政治格局。次年，在反移民情绪的推动下，英国投票决定退出欧盟，尽管它并未受到那波移民潮的严重影响。
法拉奇对移民问题的持续关注，在英国中道派前首相基尔·斯塔默（Keir Starmer）的失败中起到了某种作用。斯塔默在支持率大幅下降后于上月辞职，部分原因是由于他未能说服英国民众，他已在解决非法穿越海峡等问题上做了足够的工作。
在德国，极右翼政党“德国选择党”（Alternative for Germany）在 2017 年的联邦选举中利用人们对失控移民的恐惧取得了重大进展，并有可能在今年秋天首次赢得德国东部的州选举。
斯塔默在任期间，在移民问题上的言论变得强硬，甚至曾警告称英国面临成为“陌生人之岛”的风险。但尽管他主导了移民人数的下降，他却始终无法地将抵达人数的减少归功于自己的政绩。
在法国，反移民的国民联盟（National Rally）党候选人玛丽娜·勒庞（Marine Le Pen）凭借这一议题进入了 2017 年总统大选的第二轮。目前正第四次竞选总统的勒庞暗示，她计划将西班牙的危机转化为她的竞选主题。
“面对在西班牙政府的鼓励下，移民大规模且有组织地涌入西班牙的情况，法国必须立即加强边境管控，”她在社交媒体上表示。
她的副手乔丹·巴尔德拉（Jordan Bardella）则阐明了桑切斯先生的右翼反对派可能会用来攻击他的路线。
“通过将数十万名无证移民合法化，西班牙社会党总理佩德罗·桑切斯（Pedro Sánchez）向所有危险敞开了欧洲的大门，”巴尔德拉先生在社交媒体上说道。
JON NAZCA / 路透社
西班牙总理佩德罗·桑切斯是少数对移民持欢迎态度的领导人之一。
中东战争 美国暂停威胁，但伊朗表示：尽管放马过来 作者：ERIKA SOLOMON
当特朗普总统似乎再次从威胁对德黑兰采取军事升级的立场上退缩时，他为伊朗官员急于推广的一种论调提供了新的素材：害怕战争的人不是他们——而是特朗普先生。伊朗领导层认为他们已经找到了世界的阿喀琉斯之踵。在地区民兵盟友的帮助下，德黑兰在过去一周里强调了其威胁全球数个最关键能源设施和水路的能力。在与华盛顿就何时以及如何停止重新爆发的敌对行动，并恢复上个月破裂的短期和平谈判协议的对峙中，伊朗继续提高筹码。
前伊朗政府高级官员、德黑兰大学伊朗研究教授萨桑·卡里米（Sasan Karimi）表示，伊朗官员已经发现了特朗普先生在试图塑造谈判过程中的一种模式。两名前伊朗官员表示，当特朗普先生近日暗示如果对方不做出让步，大规模升级将不可避免时，德黑兰的领导层告诉他尽管去做。
“他们已经为战争做好了准备，而且绝不会退让，”前伊朗外交官阿米尔·穆萨维（Amir al-Mousawi）说道。他表示，自己在周末与围绕伊朗首席谈判代表兼议长穆罕默德·巴格尔·加利巴夫（Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf）的团队进行了会面。穆萨维先生描述了周末期间美国和伊朗官员通过巴基斯坦和卡塔尔官员进行的消息交换，他称特朗普先生在其中发誓，如果伊朗人不重启谈判，他将对发电厂等民用基础设施发动猛烈攻击。
“每当他们交换消息时，特朗普先生就会通过威胁伊朗来给局势施压，以便他试图获得进一步的让步，”他说。“但伊朗没有那么容易被操纵。”
周日，特朗普先生表示，在伊朗和其他中东国家请求推迟且“协议框架”已达成一致后，他放弃了原计划的升级行动。然而，目前没有迹象表明美伊谈判有所重启。
据两名地区外交官称，实际发生的情况是沙特阿拉伯和卡塔尔对他们能否充分防御自身的油气设施表示担忧。一名官员表示，伊朗人拒绝妥协，除非华盛顿回到之前商定的“谅解备忘录”，许多专家认为该备忘录对伊朗有利。沙特官方新闻频道周日表示，沙特阿拉伯的实际统治者穆罕默德·本·萨勒曼（Mohammed bin Salman）王储最近与特朗普先生进行了通话，以强调“该...
“优先考虑对话以缓解紧张局势”的必要性，以及“防止更大规模的冲突”。“‘我们完全不惧怕战争，并且已经准备好迎接大对抗，’”穆萨维先生表示，伊朗人如此告诉美国人。“特朗普告诉伊朗人：‘我会打击伊朗的电力系统。’于是伊朗人说，‘如果你打击，我们就打击。’”该地区最近的袭击反映了这些担忧的严重性。法利赫·哈桑、亚伦·博克斯曼和萨纳姆·马胡齐参与了报道。两周前，胡塞武装——一个在也门亲伊朗的民兵组织——封锁了利雅得在红海使用曼德海峡水路的路径。沙特阿拉伯此前一直将石油输送到其红海西海岸港口，以规避……
作者：琳达·邱
特朗普先生说了什么
华盛顿——随着美国与伊朗的战争进入第六个月，对于武器库耗尽、伤亡人数增加以及经济后果的担忧日益增加。尽管特朗普总统在寻求外交方案以结束战斗，且民调显示美国人对这场战争的挫败感日益增强，但他仍对这些担忧不屑一顾。相反，他将乌克兰战争描述为对军事资源的更大消耗，通过将此次伤亡人数与之前的军事行动进行比较来为其辩护，并对原油价格单日下跌表示庆祝。以下是对他近期部分主张的事实核查。
特朗普先生说了什么
“原油今天大跌。”——7月27日的言论
这需要背景信息。原油价格在那一天确实下跌了，因为美国与伊朗之间的战斗处于暂停状态。这是自5月下旬以来最大的单日跌幅。但与战前水平相比，油价依然处于高位且波动较大。
这需要背景信息。特朗普先生在7月分享的图表中引用的死亡人数在很大程度上是准确的，尽管部分数据不够精确。更重要的是，他将自己任期内规模较小的军事入侵与跨越多个政府、持续数十年的重大战争进行了对比。他的图表还忽略了除所列两场冲突外，在其任期内发生的数十起其他伤亡事件。
全球基准布伦特原油的价格在周一收于每桶 83 美元。美国基准西德克萨斯中级原油的价格收于每桶 80 美元。但价格波动剧烈。两周前，价格上涨至每桶 100 美元以上。上周，价格再次上涨，一度突破每桶 91 美元。在2月战争开始前，布伦特原油的价格为每桶 72 美元。
特朗普先生的图表引用了阿富汗战争中的 2,000 人死亡和伊拉克战争中的 4,600 人死亡，而五角大楼统计的数字是阿富汗战争第一阶段 2,350 人死亡，伊拉克战争 4,418 人死亡。特朗普先生指出，在与伊朗的战争中已有 18 名美国军人丧生，而在1月份对委内瑞拉的单日军事干预中无人死亡。这些数字已由五角大楼报告。（在伊朗已有 600 多人受伤）。
白宫发言人表示，特朗普先生引用单日跌幅是正确的，并称随着美国重新开放霍尔穆兹海峡，价格将暴跌至战前水平。
A8 国际 纽约时报 2026年8月4日，星期二
对德黑兰而言，特朗普的立场转变显示了谁占据上风
KENNY HOLSTON / 纽约时报
沙特王储穆罕默德·本·萨勒曼已敦促美国不要升级袭击。国际危机组织项目主任表示，这不仅表明伊朗的导弹库储备充足，还表明德黑兰的情报能力高于之前的预期。
伊朗通过霍尔木兹海峡（波斯湾石油运输的主要航线）扼制全球航运。此次袭击还引发了约旦内部罕见的异议，约旦是美国在该地区关键的安全盟友；数百名著名的约旦人（包括政治家和律师）挑战该国对言论自由的限制，要求撤出美国军队。随后在上周，无人机袭击了沙特阿拉伯的两座主要石油设施，利雅得将此次袭击归咎于伊拉克境内由伊朗支持的民兵组织。一天后，埃及达米埃塔港的两艘船只起火，埃及当局称这似乎是一次无人机袭击，而地区分析师普遍认为这是伊朗或其代理人的又一次打击。
瓦埃兹先生表示：“在这一时期，伊朗的整个战略旨在让美国明白，如果再发生一轮升级，伊朗回应的范围和规模将给该地区和全球经济带来更为毁灭性的打击。”伦敦皇家联合军种研究所高级研究员 H.A. Hellyer 表示，当前斗争的核心“在于重新设计区域安全架构”。他补充说，特朗普先生从未完全理解伊朗人的动机，以及他们如何拒绝被欺负或恐吓。瓦埃兹先生说，在特朗普先生目前的以及之前的任期内，他“不愿吸取教训”，即对伊朗采取激进战术只会使其立场更加强硬。他说，这场斗争的核心问题是谁控制霍尔木兹海峡。“伊朗人对于不放弃控制权是非常、非常认真的，并且他们愿意通过轰炸来确保这一点。”
除了这种动态之外，还发生了 7 月 17 日令人震惊的袭击，针对约旦的美国军事基地，导致三名美国士兵死亡。他说，“通过经济制裁，他的‘极限施压’已经持续了八年”，现在再加上军事压力，“但从未产生过他所追求的结果。”
“约旦的袭击改变了局面，”伊朗专家阿里·瓦埃兹（Ali Vaez）表示。
事实核查：审查特朗普关于伊朗战争成本的言论
特朗普先生的说法： “我们有很多弹药，各种类型。你知道，拜登给了乌克兰很多，所以我们正在补充，但我们有很多。我们也有很多中级装备；我的意思是，无论如何，比我们能用掉的还要多。但我们有很多。老实说，我想拥有更多，但拜登给了乌克兰太多了。” ——摘自 7 月 27 日的言论
这具有误导性。《纽约时报》和其他新闻机构报道称，伊朗战争已经耗尽了美国的弹药库。但特朗普先生否认了这些担忧，反而将责任归咎于拜登政府对乌克兰的军事援助。
总统有一点是对的，即拜登政府向乌克兰发送了大量设备和弹药，降低了库存水平。但这些转移在五角大楼目前面临的军械库问题中仅起到了很小的作用，因为在与伊朗的战争中，军方使用的是不同的武器。
库存和所用武器的确切数字未公开披露。但根据 2025, 年 1 月的一份五角大楼事实单，自 2022. 年 2 月俄罗斯入侵该国以来，拜登政府向乌克兰转移了 100 多种设备。退休海军陆战队上校、战略与国际研究中心战争资金与采购专家马克·F·坎西安（Mark F. Cancian）表示，这些设备绝大多数与地面作战相关，对于特朗普先生在伊朗的战争并非至关重要。
国际研究中心（International Studies），一家华盛顿智库。TRUTH SOCIAL 七在委内瑞拉。）此外，两名美国陆军士兵在 2025. 年 12 月的叙利亚反恐行动中丧生。五角大楼还记录了在特朗普首任政府期间，从 2017 到 2020 年在阿富汗以及其他国家的军事行动中共有 60 余人死亡。同样值得指出的是，在特朗普的前任领导下进行的一些规模较小的行动，死亡人数也较低。例如，一项由美国领导的名为“繁荣卫士行动”（Operation Prosperity Guardian）的海上行动于 2023 年开始，旨在威慑胡塞武装在红海的袭击，该行动也导致零战斗死亡（尽管至少有一人在非战斗相关事故中死亡）。同样，在 1999 年轰炸科索沃期间，没有美国士兵在战斗中死亡（尽管两人在直升机坠毁事故中丧生）。例如，拜登政府向乌克兰提供了数千辆装甲车、卡车和坦克；像标枪（Javelin）和陶式（TOW）导弹这样的反坦克武器；迫击炮系统、火炮以及数百万发弹药。相比之下，伊朗的战争是在空中进行的。特朗普政府和国会官员以及外部军事专家已对其他类型武器库存枯竭表示担忧。根据《纽约时报》和其他新闻报道——
伊朗正与阿曼就开放霍尔木兹海峡进行谈判。与此同时，华盛顿正在应对弹药储备枯竭的问题。一些军事官员表示，由于短缺（尤其是像爱国者导弹这样的防御性武器），他们应对未来冲突（例如所谓的与中国的强权战争）的能力可能会受阻，而这种短缺可能需要数年时间才能扭转。作者：AARON BOXERMAN 和 SANAM MAHOOZI “美国军队的选择并不理想，而且这不仅仅是报道的弹药短缺，”瑞士日内瓦研究生院的伊朗分析师 Farzan Sabet 表示。伊朗周一表示，由于调解人正匆忙地试图平息美国与伊朗之间再次爆发战争的前景，它正与阿曼就暂时重新开放波斯湾的关键航道——霍尔木兹海峡进行谈判。“第一，目前尚不清楚特朗普愿意在此时采取的有限且有时限的军事升级是否足以改变伊朗的考量，”他说道。“第二，很难想象这些选项能削弱伊朗的导弹和无人机能力，使其无法有效地关闭霍尔木兹海峡或进一步破坏海湾的关键能源基础设施。”伊朗外交部发言人 Esmaeil Baghaei 在新闻发布会上表示，目前没有直接的美国-伊朗对话，这表明一个更广泛的和平协议目前并不在计划之中。相反，他表示，与阿曼的谈判狭义地集中在为船只穿过海峡协商一条新路线。一些著名的伊朗强硬派在受到鼓舞后，嘲讽了特朗普政府似乎陷入的困境。“与阿曼谈判的重点将在这个问题上，而与伊朗和美国相关的事项将不得不……”伊朗议会国家安全和外交政策委员会发言人 Ebrahim Rezaei 呼应了特朗普在 4 月份发出的威胁，称他将把伊朗轰炸“回石器时代”。一名发言人称，与美国的谈判将在“后期阶段”进行。“如果对伊朗进行打击，”Rezaei 在 X 上对特朗普近日再次发出的威胁做出回应时写道，“我们将让整个地区及其设施……”
“回到石器时代。”巴盖伊先生表示，这将“在后续阶段进行审查”。当特朗普先生表示他将推迟升级行动时，一名著名的强硬派评论员赛义德·穆罕默德·马兰迪在其 X 账号上发布了一张鸡肉塔可（chicken tacos）的照片。这是在引用特朗普先生的批评者使用的一个讽刺缩写：TACO，意为“Trump Always Chickens Out”（特朗普总是临阵脱逃）。
特朗普总统在周一对伊朗政府大加抨击，称其领导人“令人难以置信地虚伪”，并暗示美国和伊朗实际上正在讨论解决霍尔穆兹海峡问题的方案。“伊朗没有退让，”他在上方写道。如果谈判成功，可能会为美国和伊朗在早前协议因上月霍尔穆兹海峡局势紧张而崩溃后，重新达成更广泛的停火铺平道路。
一些地区专家认为，双方不仅没有接近谈判，反而比以往任何时候都更加疏远。前伊朗官员卡里米先生表示，伊朗应为未来几周内可能到来的另一个战争阶段做好准备。特朗普先生在周末突然取消了威胁对伊朗发起的袭击，称在重新开放海峡方面可能会取得进展；霍尔穆兹海峡是全球能源出口的主要水道，此前已被伊朗封锁数月。他还引用了沙特阿拉伯等地区盟友对冷静处理的恳请。
他表示，只要德黑兰和华盛顿双方都坚信只有自己的要求才应得到满足，谈判就不会有意义。“为了达成协议，双方必须在政治上保持谦卑，并承认其最大主义野心是行不通的，”他说道，并补充说，目前“这些动态尚未摆上谈判桌”。
“他们询问的原因是，他们认为关于霍尔穆兹海峡已经达成协议，”特朗普先生周日告诉记者。近几个月来，特朗普先生反复承诺与伊朗的外交突破近在咫尺，但最终都以失败告终。尽管美国多次轰炸，伊朗仍未改变立场，这使得特朗普先生在如何结束他与以色列在 2 月共同发起的战争方面苦苦挣扎。
巴盖伊先生周一表示，作为谈判的一部分，伊朗和阿曼交换了船舶可能通过的航路图。他补充说，正在考虑的方案之一是在两国之间建立一条可能的“中间路线”，以“保障两国的考量与利益”。
来自坎西安上校的细节和计算，军方近期已使用了： ■ 1,200 枚爱国者导弹（库存 2,330 枚） ■ 超过 1,000 枚战斧巡航导弹（库存 3,000 枚） ■ 超过 1,100 枚联合空地远程打击导弹（JASSM，库存 4,400 枚） ■ 40 至 70 枚精确打击导弹（库存 90 枚） ■ 130 至 250 枚 SM-3 导弹（库存 410 枚） ■ 90 至 370 枚 SM-6 导弹（包含 6）
分析人士对伊朗是否会完全放弃对霍尔穆兹海峡的控制持怀疑态度。在战争之前，船只可以在该水道自由通行。自从美国和以色列在 2 月下旬发动袭击以来，伊朗的封锁已成为德黑兰在与华盛顿打交道时的强大筹码。
巴盖伊先生暗示，如果特朗普政府与伊朗政府之间的其他分歧未能解决（例如美国对伊朗港口的海上封锁），伊朗不太可能完全重新开放海峡。
1,160 ■ 190 至 290 枚末端高空区域防御（THAAD）导弹（库存 360 枚）
美国仅向乌克兰提供了该清单中的少量武器和弹药，例如 600 枚爱国者导弹。其他提供的空中设备包括短程防空设备，如 3,000 多枚刺针防空导弹。
导弹。他告诉记者：“只要美国在此期间违反的所有问题仍未解决，霍尔木兹海峡的情况自然不会发生任何重大变化。”另一方面，《华尔街日报》在 2022 年 8 月报道称，一些官员认为在向乌克兰转移后，美国军械库中 155 毫米战斗炮弹的水平“低得令人不安”。五角大楼利用国会在 2024 年提供的一部分资金，更换了向乌克兰提供的部分设备，包括标枪和毒刺导弹、155 毫米弹药以及装甲车。这些在伊朗战争中并未构成问题。今年 6 月，两国签署了一项停火协议，该协议本应重新开放该海峡，并允许进行更广泛的谈判以遏制伊朗的核计划——这也是特朗普发动战争的理由之一。
在伊朗向被伊朗当局认定为未经授权的、经过阿曼附近的商业船只开火后，停战协议迅速崩溃。僵局的部分原因是特朗普政府在停火协议中同意的措辞含糊不清。伊朗认为该协议赋予其对霍尔木兹海峡的广泛权力，而美国官员对此解读表示异议。一名白宫发言人为特朗普的定性辩护，引用了拜登政府时期向乌克兰转移的数十亿美元武器，以及特朗普最近签署的一项行政命令，该命令增加了武器制造商使用来自中国和俄罗斯等敌对国家材料的难度。一周七天，在评论页上提供其他观点。纽约时报
作者：保罗·索内 (PAUL SONNE) 和 米拉娜·马扎耶娃 (MILANA MAZAEVA)
阿尔乔姆·沃夫琴科 (ARTYOM VOVCHENKO)
这位理发师沃夫琴科先生成长于俄罗斯南部一个省小镇的普通家庭。大学毕业后被征召入伍，他说他被迫违心地多服役了一年。当普京在 2022 年发动对乌克兰的全规模入侵时，沃夫琴科先生感到惊骇，因为他长期以来将乌克兰人视为兄弟。
柏林 —— 去年夏天，当他被美国遣返的航班在莫斯科降落时，阿尔乔姆·沃夫琴科的斗志已被消磨殆尽。“我无法接受这件事，我想，‘搞什么鬼？凭什么？’”他说道。他为了反对乌克兰战争而脱离了俄罗斯军队并逃离故土。在被美国拒绝给予庇护之前，他在三家美国拘留中心度过了 13 个月。随后，他被特朗普政府用铁链锁住遣返回俄罗斯，在那里他面临最高 10 年的监禁。
在确信自己的部队即将被派往乌克兰后，沃夫琴科先生逃走了，他先是前往印度尼西亚指导柔术，后来前往墨西哥，并于 2024 年进入美国寻求庇护。他被送往密西西比州的一家拘留中心。他说，在那里他在厨房做粥，每天赚 1 美元。他说，有一天在搬运一个 150 磅的食物桶时，他滑倒并伤到了背部。
在他落地后，莫斯科机场的安全官员发现 27 岁的沃夫琴科先生被军事检察官通缉。到那时，他对俄罗斯和美国对待他的方式所感到的绝望，已膨胀为愤恨的无奈。“即使是在军队里，虽然我肯定遭受了虐待，但我从未经历过像在那里被对待那样糟糕的事情，”沃夫琴科先生说。“去你们所有人的地狱吧。想干什么就干什么。我知道我是对的，”沃夫琴科先生说他这样告诉自己。“我已经心如止水了。基本上，我已经准备好地死了。”
国土安全部的一位发言人表示：“任何关于 ICE 设施存在低劣条件的说法都是不实的。”在沃夫琴科先生被卷入特朗普政府的大规模遣返行动后，《纽约时报》去年首次报道了他的故事。随后，他面对的是一个被从乌克兰前线逃离或受伤士兵所淹没的俄罗斯体制——尽管弗拉基米尔·V·普京总统在战时采取了激进的威权统治，但这个机制中依然布满了漏洞。
“极端压力” 在美国败诉后，沃夫琴科先生在去年夏天被驱赶上一架军用飞机。他认为，他挽救自由的最后机会是在开罗中转期间，说服埃及当局允许他前往印度尼西亚（他那里仍有有效签证），而不是前往俄罗斯。在等待审判的军事基地里，日子一天天过去，周复一周，他为未来奋斗的意志重新回到了心中。他说，他安静地等待时机，每晚祈祷，并运用多年习武的自律。他开始策划逃跑计划。
起初的一系列礼貌请求很快就出了差错。他走进机场洗手间，抓住一根管道，说他哪儿也不去。他说，他的埃及守卫冲向他，猛击他的躯干。他说，在一名守卫揪住他的衬衫衣领掐他之前，一阵剧痛击中了他的背部。“我简单地将希望寄托在主身上，”沃夫琴科先生说。“我想，如果上帝在这条路上帮我，那就意味着这就是注定的。如果他没让我通过，那么这就是我的命运。”最后，他说一名持枪男子走过来威胁要开枪打他。当沃夫琴科先生在威胁下瘫软时，守卫们把他拎起来，将他的四肢像“香肠”一样捆绑，然后把他搬上了前往莫斯科的飞机。
“完全相反” 埃及政府未回应关于 Vovchenko 先生待遇的置评请求。一名保安的儿子和一名
回到俄罗斯，因乌克兰战争而承受压力的军事系统的混乱局面对 Vovchenko 先生有利。“坦白说，对我来说，我就像个外星人，”Vovchenko 先生说。他在被送往莫斯科郊外的一个基地之前，在一家军事监狱被关押了两天。该基地通常是专门从事通信系统的部队训练中心，但据 Vovchenko 先生称，现在还设有士兵拘留设施。他说，由于伤兵如此之多，Vovchenko 先生根本没有机会接受国家卫生当局的治疗。他筹集了资金，成为了数十名被拘留士兵之一，这些人定期由警卫护送到当地的私人医疗机构。
他说，牢房里挤满了受伤的军人，其中许多人患有精神疾病或健康状况恶化。医生解释说，Vovchenko 先生患有三个椎间盘突出，其中一个从脊柱突出 11 毫米。他说，这里的氛围比他在美国拘留期间经历的要好，一些俄罗斯官员将他视为一个完整的人，即便他们辱骂这些士兵是“叛徒”。在数月的就医过程中，警卫会等待他被接走并送回基地，期间他开始研究如何逃跑。
这里的安保并不像传统的俄罗斯监狱那样森严。他说，当局没有没收他的手机或护照，只搜查了他的包里是否有武器。他说，他们很少遇到像他这样在国外生活多年的人，尽管他对此表示抗议，但他们还是习惯称呼他为“那个美国人”。
“像个外星人” 他说，有一天他走进诊所接受治疗，一旦脱离警卫的视线，他就离开并拦了一辆出租车。至于他自己，Vovchenko 先生表示，他后悔误将美国认为是一个会欢迎他的地方，并且没有完全理解美国的移民体系。他正试图摆脱在逃的焦虑感，并停止他一直以来经历的噩梦——在梦中，经常有人出现将他带走。他早有准备。他清楚地知道自己将采取哪条路线以及如何避免被追踪。他计算出在搜捕行动阻碍他之前，他大约有三小时时间离开莫斯科地区。面对长期的监禁或被强行送往前线，他觉得这个风险值得冒。
在尝试自行治疗背部数周后，他最近确实参加了一场柔术比赛，这是在 bleak 时刻的一次小胜利。“我简直无法让自己放弃，不能让我的整个生命就这样溜走，”Vovchenko 先生说。他说，当他在军事基地的审前拘留期间，Vovchenko 先生的名字已从通缉名单中撤出，这是俄罗斯法院的标准程序。他乘坐多辆车前往与白俄罗斯的边境，这是一个允许与俄罗斯之间自由往来的国家。他在互联网上读到可以通过白俄罗斯离开俄罗斯的可能性，此前包括朋克抗议乐队 Pussy Riot 成员 Maria Alyokhina 在内的其他反战俄罗斯人曾公开讲述过走这条路线的经历。
据该组织一名因安全顾虑而要求匿名的官员称，Rapid Unit 这一旨在帮助俄罗斯政治犯转移至安全地带的地下组织核实了 Vovchenko 先生的身份并为其提供了协助。该组织协助协调了 Vovchenko 先生的离开，主要是在白俄罗斯境内提供帮助。该组织随情况变化调整计划，并与合作伙伴组织共同处理票务、后勤和临时住所的寻找工作。Rapid Unit 的官员表示，路线不得不重新安排了多次，但最终，Vovchenko 先生成功离开白俄罗斯，到达了一个更安全的地方。
纽约时报 出于安全原因，本报同意不公布沃夫琴科先生目前所在的地点。在重获自由后，沃夫琴科先生正试图收拾生活的碎片。他的背部问题仍在困扰着他，而且他的钱已经用光了。“我现在感到完全迷失了，”他说。“这就像准备一场比赛，”他说。“你不能花太多时间仅仅思考比赛本身。你只需要专注于具体的任务、关键的细节，然后去执行。”
德米特里·瓦卢耶夫（Dmitry Valuev）是“俄罗斯民主之美”（Russian America for Democracy in Russia）的总裁，这是一个帮助俄罗斯寻求庇护者的美国组织，他为沃夫琴科先生组织了一次募捐。到目前为止，为了帮助他重新安置，该募捐仅筹集了 $2,000，距离 $12,000 的目标还相差甚远。“完全迷失”
“我有自己的目标，有自己的梦想，”沃夫琴科先生说。“我只想过我的生活。”
N
它以多种方式协助协调了沃夫琴科先生的离境。
A10 N 国际 纽约时报 星期二，2026年8月4日
在无竞标交易后，特朗普的北极舰队愿景耗资数十亿
高尔夫球赛与一份礼物 见 A1 页
特朗普先生对芬兰破冰船的兴趣可以追溯到 30 多年前。这个数量是管理美国舰队的海岸警卫队所称的需求量的两倍。造船合同将不经过竞争性招标即授予。虽然其中七艘船预计将在美国建造，但前四艘将在芬兰建造，这要求特朗普先生放弃一项禁止在海外建造国家安全船只的法律。
这位未来的总统当时是一位在纽约市和大西洋城面临破产的酒店和赌场大亨，他于 1992 年飞往赫尔辛基，寻找赚钱的新途径。据曾与特朗普先生见面并带他参观公司其中一艘船的芬兰航运高管尤哈·维斯卡里（Juha Wiskari）称，特朗普先生当时感兴趣的是买一艘船将其改造为 floating casino（浮动赌场）。维斯卡里先生在一次采访中表示，一旦特朗普先生意识到运行该船的成本将使其难以获利，他就放弃了这个想法。
然而，在那个时刻，这一切都不重要。特朗普先生想要更多的破冰船，而且他想要来自芬兰的。但这次访问因另一个原因而被证明具有重要意义。另一位航运高管马丁·萨里坎加斯（Martin Saarikangas）后来告诉芬兰的公共广播公司，特朗普先生看到了停在附近的芬兰破冰船，并好奇那是什么。他回忆说，他告诉特朗普先生，芬兰建造了全球约 60% 的破冰船。
“其他国家拥有的比我们多，”特朗普先生在与芬兰领导人坐在一起时宣布，“我们要买世界上最顶尖的破冰船。”
特朗普先生在海岸警卫队船只问题上个人干预背后的故事，为人们提供了新的见解，揭示了他的政府如何为了追求符合总统个人欲望的项目而走捷径并蔑视规则，而不管这些项目是否符合任何更广泛的战略逻辑。
“关于芬兰的积极种子已经在他心中种下，”维斯卡里先生说。对无竞标合同的依赖（通常仅用于高度专业化或紧急需求）反映了近期其他由特朗普驱动的项目——规模从林肯纪念馆反思池的翻新，到一项 $1.3 亿（13亿）美元建设移民拘留中心的交易。
在四分之一个世纪后成为总统后，特朗普先生表达了他对破冰船的崇敬。他在 2017 年在海岸警卫队学院发表的讲话中表示，没有任何其他军种“有能力突破 21 英尺厚的坚硬北极冰层”。他与芬兰领导人讨论了
据知情人士透露，特朗普在第一任期内曾考虑购买或租赁一艘破冰船，但在任期结束前未能达成交易。《纽约时报》对海岸警卫队交易的调查发现，该交易依赖于芬兰总统的个人请求，以及特朗普本人对国家伟大定义的看法，此外还源于他早在竞选总统之前在芬兰的一次偶然相遇中对极地破冰船产生的痴迷。在再次当选后，特朗普再次尝试购买破冰船。海岸警卫队官员与美国造船商举行了会议，以评估其兴趣。随后，一场高尔夫球赛改变了一切。该计划也没有关于如何支付支持这 11 艘新船所需基础设施或船员费用的方案。根据海岸警卫队的文件，这些成本可能会高达数十亿美元。在 2025 年 3 月的一个周六，
特朗普在他位于佛罗里达州的一家高尔夫球场参加了一场比赛。芬兰总统斯图布与他一同参加。斯图布曾代表芬兰国家队打高尔夫球，并凭借高尔夫奖学金就读于南卡罗来纳州的福曼大学。据特朗普称，两人赢得了该比赛。大部分资金计划来自共和党去年通过的支出法案——即“一个宏大而美丽的法案”（One Big Beautiful Bill）中为边境安全预留的资金，该法案赋予了政府极大的自由度，使其可以在几乎没有监督的情况下将数十亿美元投入到其优先事项中。斯图布向特朗普赠送了一幅破冰船的照片，一名知情人士将其描述为装在精美的金边相框中。造船业是芬兰的重要产业，该国领导人长期以来一直试图说服美国政府从其船厂购买船只。为了证明破冰船非招标合同的合理性，特朗普
政府援引了一项极少使用的豁免条款，声称这些授予属于“公共利益”——这使得政府在公开披露理由极少的情况下可以跳过竞争环节。据熟悉两国互动的人士透露，芬兰争取特朗普的原因不仅是为了确保破冰船交易。保持密切关系使斯图布能够尝试说服特朗普认识到北约联盟的重要性以及维持对俄罗斯压力的必要性。“我们还没有看到任何信息或分析来证明这 11 艘船的合理性，或评估这些决定的长期可负担性，”非党派的美国政府问责局合同与国家安全采购主管谢尔比·S·奥克利（Shelby S. Oakley）表示。特朗普在社交媒体上写道，斯图布是“一名非常出色的球员”，并称斯图布赞扬他让美国再次强大。她说，海岸警卫队面临的风险是最终变得“像一个中奖者，花光了所有钱买了一座豪宅，然后意识到自己没有钱维护它，从而陷入破产”。特朗普补充了芬兰长期渴望听到的话语：“斯图布总统和我期待加强美国和芬兰之间的伙伴关系，这包括为美国购买和开发大量急需的破冰船。”政府官员广泛地将这些船只辩护为国家安全所必需。极地破冰船使海岸警卫队能够在北极维持其所谓的“存在”——监测在该地区日益具有战略意义的水道中运行的外国船只。一名海岸警卫队高级官员在春季和初夏期间通过电话、短信并与共和党议员会面以争取资金，描述道
据两名知情人士透露，白宫将破冰船视为最高优先级。白宫管理和预算办公室发言人艾莉·麦坎德莱斯（Allie McCandless）在的一份声明中表示：“在前几任政府任由我们的船只和北极能力锈蚀和衰减之后，特朗普总统正在恢复美国作为北极强国的地位。”这种压力奏效了。去年7月，国会在共和党人的支出法案中为这些船只提供了 35 亿美元 billion。但特朗普先生及其顾问希望购买的破冰船数量超过了 35 亿美元 billion 能支付的规模。海岸警卫队司令凯文·E·伦代（Kevin E. Lunday）上将表示，该部门遵守法律法规，“以确保对纳税人资金进行适当的管理”。白宫预算主任罗素·T·沃特（Russell T. Vought）告诉《纽约时报》，当时的政府一直在考虑两份“非常、非常出色”的破冰船方案。
伦代上将告诉《纽约时报》：“11 这个数字直接来自总统。”他表示，海岸警卫队提供了建议，但补充道：“这是总统的数字，也是总统的决定。”一家造船商提出基于最初为俄罗斯开发的设计建造五艘破冰船；另一份方案则提出利用加拿大海岸警卫队的设计建造六艘船。总统对这笔交易夸夸其谈。“我们最终不想在两者之间做选择，”沃特先生说。今年5月，他对美国海岸警卫队学院的毕业生说：“我会在落成典礼上出席。他们多年来一直试图获得破冰船，而没有一位总统能够为他们提供完成任务所需的东西。”最后，他们无需选择。“那项‘宏大且美丽的法案’给了我们同时实现两者的机会，”他补充道。
据监管海岸警卫队的国土安全部副秘书特洛伊·埃德加（Troy Edgar）称，额外的破冰船资金——另一起 35 亿美元 billion ——来自该法案中一项被立法者称为“边境支持”的独立基金。
Jeff Adelson, Alexandra Berzon, Adam Entous, Jeffrey Gettleman, Kate Kelly, Johanna Lemola 和 Dustin Volz 参与了报道。Susan C. Beachy, Kitty Bennett, Alain Delaquérière, Georgia Gee, Sheelagh McNeill 和 Kirsten Noyes 参与了研究。
特朗普先生在8月法案通过后不久，于深夜致电斯图布总统。两国领导人已经就美国从芬兰购买一艘二手破冰船以及可能购买少量新船进行了数月的谈判。现在，凭借数十亿的新资金，特朗普先生想要扩大规模。
罗纳德·奥罗克（Ronald O’Rourke）认为，特朗普先生对俄罗斯破冰船的关注忽略了两国之间的关键差异。奥罗克在非党派的国会研究服务局分析了 18 年的海岸警卫队破冰船计划，直到今年退休。
根据斯图布先生随后向芬兰记者讲述的情况，特朗普先生说：“我不会买那艘旧的，因为它太老了。我想多买几艘新的。”斯图布先生的发言人拒绝回答《纽约时报》关于斯图布先生所述内容的询问。
EKATERINA ANISIMOVA / AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES 上图：2021. 年的一艘俄罗斯破冰船在北极。 顶部：位于赫尔辛基的一家造船厂，由 Inocea 新成立的美国子公司 Davie Defense 运营。
特朗普先生授予 Davie Defense 一份价值 35 亿美元 billion 的无标合同，用于建造五艘破冰船。
“俄罗斯有 40 艘。”
海岸警卫队今年4月告诉国会，俄罗斯目前拥有 56 艘极地破冰船，而中国拥有五艘。
两百多万俄罗斯人居住在北极社区，俄罗斯政府需要破冰船来维持港口和航线的畅通。人口普查数据显示，居住在阿拉斯加北极地区的美国人不足 20,000 人。
“俄罗斯有 40 艘”专家表示，特朗普先生的行为反映了一个非常现实的问题：美国需要更多极地破冰船。海岸警卫队最近一次在 2023 年对所需船只进行正式评估时，该部门表示需要四到五艘特朗普政府正在购买的那类破冰船。奥鲁克先生表示，目前尚不清楚海岸警卫队将如何使用 11 艘此类船只——即便美国按照特朗普先生的敦促接管了格陵兰岛。
专家们表示，问题在于美国究竟需要多少艘。特朗普先生的公开言论表明，他的兴趣源于对他国拥有更多破冰船的挫败感，而非基于对战略需求的任何审查。
“我们只有一艘，”特朗普先生在 2020 年向军事领导人抱怨道，这在一定程度上低估了美国舰队的数量。
特朗普先生对芬兰破冰船的兴趣可以追溯到 30 年多以前。
（此处文本部分缺失 / 损坏）通过一个关于误 misplaced 汽车羡慕的类比来阐述对俄罗斯破冰船的看法。
“我的邻居有很多孩子，所以他们买了一辆小型面包车，”奥鲁克先生说。“这是否意味着没有孩子的我和我妻子也需要买一辆小型面包车？”
政府的目标是在特朗普先生离任前获得第一批破冰船。为了达成这一时间表，海岸警卫队绕过了请求和审查竞争标书的常规程序。
通过使用公共利益豁免条款（该条款允许特朗普政府避免寻求竞争性报价），海岸警卫队无需证明该工作具有紧迫性，或仅有一家公司能够完成。相反，该机构只需向国会发送一封信函，告知立法者在签署协议前将授予无标合同的计划即可。
当信函送达时，白宫已经宣布了这项交易，相关公司也已公开宣传其入选情况。政府接受的提案最终与三家公司签署了合同。
奥鲁克先生评估了总统的
VOL. CLXXV . . . . No. 60,966 © 2026 The New York Times Company TUESDAY, AUGUST 4, 2026 To Moroccans, Grasp at Hope Is Worth Risk Soaring Unemployment Drives Young to Leave By BEN HUBBARD and AIDA ALAMI FNIDEQ, Morocco — When King Mohammed VI of Morocco addressed his people last Wednesday to commemorate his 27th year on the throne, he spoke hopefully of his North African nation’s future. Morocco, he said, is safe and stable, with a growing economy making great strides in tourism, investment and manufacturing. “This is a pivotal moment in our nation’s development,” the 62- year-old monarch said. “A time when confidence and optimism should prevail over despair and frustration.” Over the next two days, however, tens of thousands of his citizens tried to escape the country. Driven by a bleak sense of their prospects in Morocco, they braved confrontations with the police and dangerous swims in the sea to reach the Spanish territory of Ceuta, hoping for better lives. Trump Pushes “I tried to work and have a job and make a living, but there is nothing for me here,” said Mohammed Kinani, a 21-year-old construction worker, who had been forced back to Morocco. “If I don’t leave this country, there is nothing that will save me.” No-Bid Deals On Polar Fleet Mr. Kinani was part of a sudden exodus that began on Thursday when 50,000 to 60,000 migrants began forcing their way into Ceuta, a tiny Spanish territory on the North African coast. By Saturday, many of the migrants had left, lacking food and water, and the Spanish security forces expelled others, but not before the crisis had given far-right politicians across Europe new ammunition to blast their opponents’ views on immigration. This article is by Christopher Flavelle, Andrea Fuller and Nicholas Nehamas. Late one night last August, Alexander Stubb, the president of Finland, was at his summer residence two hours west of Helsinki when his phone rang. On the other end of the line was President Trump, calling with a request. He wanted to buy a fleet of massive ships designed to cut through Arctic ice. The Spanish authorities said on Sunday that they had recorded 72 deaths during the crisis. The Moroccan government reported 11 deaths. Both sides said most of the deaths were from drowning. Mr. Trump had long fixated on these hulking vessels, known as polar icebreakers. He viewed them as crucial to dominating the Arctic, where rising temperatures have put key shipping lanes and vast mineral wealth up for grabs. And he was incensed that the United States possessed far fewer than Russia. Before the startling scenes of chaos at the border, the Moroccan government had much to celebrate: investments in logistics and industry, preparations to cohost the men’s World Cup in 2030 and strong relations with PresiTwo months later, Mr. Trump and Mr. Stubb were sitting in the Oval Office to announce a deal for 11 icebreakers, worth almost $7 billion, to be built by shipyards in both countries. Continued on Page A7 RIGHT TURN Europe’s tough tone on Ceuta shows how attitudes have changed since 2015. PAGE A7 The arrangement was unusual Continued on Page A10 Democratic Socialists at Odds On Whether to Tone It Down By KELLEN BROWNING CHICAGO — When a leader of the Democratic Socialists of America recently appeared on “Fox News Sunday” and enthusiastically affirmed the group’s platform — including goals such as eliminating the U.S. Senate and working toward abolishing prisons — Democratic strategists wrung their hands and Republicans licked their lips. Acknowledging such aims, both parties predicted, could hinder progressive candidates and other Democrats painted with an extremist brush in the midterm elections. At the D.S.A.’s national summit in Chicago over the weekend, many democratic socialists who had seen the Fox interview felt something different: pride. “You’re going to have to constantly push and advocate for things that people don’t think, until they think it,” said Chanpreet Singh, a D.S.A. leader from Seattle. Hundreds of members of the group, the country’s largest socialist organization, gathered in Chicago at a moment of surging political influence, some wearing bright red shirts, swapping laborstrike tips with their “comrades,” JAMIE KELTER DAVIS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES Some in the D.S.A. are happy to push for positions that many Americans consider radical. Continued on Page A16 INTERNATIONAL A4-11 Asia’s Lonely Tourist Hot Spots SPORTS B6-10 Used to a Big N.F.L. Challenge NATIONAL A12-17, 20 A Whiff of Controversy Some towns and cities that rely on European travelers are suffering as high airfares and disruptions to Mideast hubs keep many away. PAGE A4 Surf’s Up, and Risky, in Alaska Iran Feels It Has Upper Hand By expanding the arena of fighting, Tehran sent a warning about the dangers of a widening war. PAGE A8 OBITUARIES B11-12 A Top Nation of Islam Official John Ali, 98, clashed with Malcolm X and was suspected by some of playing a role in his 1965 assassination. PAGE B11 Migrants returning to Morocco on Sunday after up to 60,000 entered Ceuta, a Spanish territory that shares a border with the country. Free Child Care May Cost the City Billions More By ELIZA SHAPIRO Projection of $9 Billion Mayor Zohran Mamdani’s vision for a free child care system for all New York City children under 5 could cost much more than he estimated, according to a report released on Monday. a Year Far Surpasses Mamdani’s Figure would cost about $6 billion per year to create a free, universal child care system for children as young as 6 weeks, regardless of family income. The city currently offers free pre-K for 3-year-olds and 4-year-olds, with limited seats for 2-year-olds starting this fall. A new model developed by the Center for New York City Affairs, a nonpartisan research organization affiliated with the New School, estimated that the proposed program would cost $9 billion annually, with an average cost per child of around $27,000. The mayor used the $6 billion figure to argue that the state would need to raise taxes on New York’s highest earners to pay for more seats. That’s about $5 billion more than the city spent on child care in 2025. City Hall has not yet released its own cost model. As a candidate, Mr. Mamdani said he thought it Free child care is by far the most ambitious, complex and exMEDDLING President Trump has imperiled a number of cases at the Justice Department. PAGE A13 A report from the Center for New York City Affairs could complicate the mayor’s ambitious plans. Michigan Senate Race Is a Weather Vane for Democrats’ Future official, is charged by tensions over Israel, how to fight President Trump and the G.O.P., and what makes a candidate electable. The result will factor into the fight for Senate control in November, and may have ramifications that extend to the next presidential contest. and SAM EASTER A Tense Battle Between By REID J. EPSTEIN Democrats’ nastiest, most expensive Senate primary will culminate on Tuesday in Michigan, a pivotal midterm battleground where an insurgent progressive is looking to defeat an establishment-backed moderate in a contest serving as a referendum on the party’s future. While polls conducted the last month have shown uncertainty in the competition, several recent public surveys showed Dr. ElSayed leading, and he is increasingly seen by Democrats as the faThe race between Representative Haley Stevens and Dr. Abdul El-Sayed, a former public health SCIENCE TIMES D1-8 The Perils of a ‘High-T’ Army After six years as Browns coach, Kevin Stefanski is prepared to try to turn around the Falcons. PAGE B9 Daylight Saving’s True Cost The tidal bore that rockets up the Turnagain Arm can carry a surfer six miles; it can also kill. PAGE B6 A.I. Fast Tracks a Folk Ballad After a man was killed by ICE, technology helped write a corrido, a tradition of marking tragedy through song. PAGE A14 ARTS C1-6 A Ballerina’s Newest Move Misty Copeland, recently retired from American Ballet Theater, is curating a festival at the Joyce Theater. PAGE C1 THE WEATHER Today, partly sunny, less humid, high 84. Tonight, partly cloudy, low 72. Tomorrow, partly cloudy, a thunderstorm in spots in the afternoon, high 83. Weather map, Page B8. Prices in Canada may be higher $4.00 BLANCHE MEMOS LEAVE LOOPHOLES FOR TRUMP FUND NOT LEGALLY BINDING Holdouts Are Appeased, Paving Way for A.G.’s Confirmation By DEVLIN BARRETT WASHINGTON — A pair of documents issued by the acting attorney general, Todd Blanche, that narrow or dissolve aspects of a deal to resolve President Trump’s lawsuit against the I.R.S. have met the demands of two Republican holdouts. Senators Thom Tillis of North Carolina and John Cornyn of Texas refused to support Mr. Blanche’s nomination unless he committed in writing to dropping a $1.8 billion fund funneling taxpayer money to the president’s allies and putting stricter limits on a part of the plan that provides sweeping protections to Mr. Trump and those in his inner circle from I.R.S. audits. SERGEY PONOMAREV FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES Critics, however, say the written assurances are a political solution to a political problem, rather than a legally binding document. pensive piece of Mr. Mamdani’s push to expand the city’s safety net. The new projection underscores just how difficult it could be to find the money to fund even part of his plan at a moment when families across the city have cited the soaring cost of child care as a primary reason they are struggling to afford life in New York. “This case was flagrantly illegal from the start and they’re clearly trying to find a political way out of it that gets the attorney general confirmed without giving up their legal rights to actually enforce this illegal settlement,” said Matthew Platkin, a Democratic former New Jersey attorney general. He is now in private practice, representing various people suing over the fund. But the center’s research suggests that it would be next to impossible for Mr. Mamdani to make good on his promise without receiving billions of dollars in new revenue from the state or the federal government, or perhaps both, said Lauren Melodia, the director of the center’s economic and fiscal policy work and one of the authors of the report. The Justice Department did not respond to a request for comment. For weeks, Mr. Blanche had resisted putting into writing his testimony to lawmakers that Mr. Trump’s fund was truly dead or that the tax protections applied more narrowly than the language in his initial order suggested. But on Sunday night, the administration relented. The roughly $3 billion gap beContinued on Page A14 One of the two documents Mr. Blanche released stated that the order creating the fund “is rescinded and shall have no force or effect.” The second document limits a provision that gave broad protection to Mr. Trump, his relatives, and “related or affiliated individuals” from tax audits. The new written order from Mr. Blanche says that the provision only covers the president, two of his sons and his company, and that it applies “only retroactively.” Mr. Tillis and Mr. Cornyn said in a statement that the documents assuaged their concerns, ending an intraparty stalemate that had stalled Mr. Blanche’s confirmation process for days. The senators added that they believed the department had “acknowledged in a binding written order” that the audit protections were limited, “addressing concerns that multiple of our Republican colleagues share.” Continued on Page A13 DAVE SANDERS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES who is neutral in the Senate primary. “You have to worry about security. You don’t know who could try to disrupt. Events are very scary right now.” the Left and Center In a recent interview with Amani Al-Khatahtbeh, founder of MuslimGirl.com, Dr. El-Sayed called Ms. Stevens “the least capable candidate in America.” Ms. Stevens responded on social media in part by saying, “Everyone in America understands you want to blame all of your problems on vorite as voters prepare to make their picks. In the final stretch, the candidates are speaking about each other in sharply critical terms. Their supporters can be even more severe. “It’s the threats. It’s the ugliness,” said Representative Debbie Dingell of Michigan, a Democrat Continued on Page A15 BUSINESS B1-5 Bracing for Winter Fuel Prices A Florida town’s concerns about polluted water — and the pervasive smell of cannabis — are aimed at a giant producer of medical marijuana. PAGE A12 A new U.S. military policy raises concerns about testosterone’s effect on aggression in some men. PAGE D1 Across Europe, reserves of natural gas are lagging, meaning higher costs for households and businesses. PAGE B1 SpaceX May Get Bumpier On Thursday, employees and insiders will be released from their first stock “lockup.” Let the selling begin. PAGE B1 Scientists have documented the effects of the twice-yearly time shift on public health and the economy. PAGE D1 OPINION A18-19 Maureen Ryan PAGE A19 U(D54G1D)y+%!$!?!$!]
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Quote of the Day “Do you think if I had a job I would have gone?” AHLAM AL-ADNAN, one of the thousands of Moroccans who crossed over into Spanish-held Ceuta, hoping for better lives. Page A1. THE NEW YORK TIMES COMPANY 620 Eighth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10018-1405 Mail Subscription Rates 1 Yr. 6 Mos. Daily and Sunday ..................... $1430.00 $715.00 Monday-Saturday........................ 1271.40 635.70 Sunday only................................... 728.00 364.00 The New York Times (ISSN 0362-4331) is published daily. Periodicals postage paid at New York, N.Y., and at additional mailing offices. Postmaster: Send address changes to The New York Times, 620 Eighth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10018-1405. Times Book Review ....................... $338.00 Large Print Weekly........................ $200.20 The Story Behind the Story A protest in May 2025. While the president benefited from his memecoin, nearly one million people who bought it lost a total of $3.81 billion. A reporter explained how Donald J. Trump has made huge amounts of money since returning to office. By JESS BIDGOOD President Trump has made more money while in office than most of us can even conceive of. In 2025, he took in more than $2.2 billion, according to financial disclosures that we’ve been parsing here at The New York Times. Democrats intend to make a big deal of this in the midterm elections, by accusing Mr. Trump of corruptly using his office to enrich himself as consumer prices rise and inequality widens. A CNN poll released last week found that nearly two-thirds of Americans thought Mr. Trump had gone too far in pursuing his personal business interests while president. The president is betting that the Democratic argument won’t land, and he’s drawing from his own experience. In January, he told several of my colleagues covering the White House that he “got no credit” for his family’s decision not to conduct new business abroad during his first term. Adjusting for inflation, he made $594 million during his first full year in office (a measly sum, compared with 2025). “I found out that nobody cared,” he said. We’re going to hear a lot about this as Democrats test his theory. For the On Politics newsletter, I invited Andrea Fuller, a data reporter at The Times, to explain how the president made his money during his first year back in office. Read an edited excerpt from our exchange below. What did you and our colleagues learn about Trump’s wealth? The $2.2 billion that President Trump made Top Trending Headlines Online Blanche Gives G.O.P. Senators Written Assurances on Trump’s I.R.S. Deal In documents made public Sunday night, Todd Blanche, acting attorney general and President Trump’s former personal lawyer, said the Justice Department had dropped its plan for a $1.8 billion “antiweaponization fund” and clarified the terms of an I.R.S. settlement with the president. Two Republican senators who threatened to spike Mr. Blanche’s nomination for attorney general, John Cornyn of Texas and Thom Tillis of North Carolina, announced in turn on Monday that they would support his nomination. More than 1,200 readers commented. Author of Democrats’ 2024 Autopsy Says Party Left Out Key Chapter Paul Rivera, the author of the Democratic Party’s autopsy of the 2024 presidential campaign, provided to The New York Times a chapter that he said was left out of the document. The head of the Democratic National Committee denied that he ever received the chapter. Ariana Grande to Step Away From Public Life After Tour Ends Ariana Grande “will be taking a step back from visibility” after her Eternal Sunshine Tour concludes next month, a spokeswoman for the singer said on Sunday. The pop star has faced scrutiny about her weight loss, with images of her appearing in tabloids and on social media. The Best Clothing Stores in New York The Style desk’s guide to the best shopping in New York included SoHo chic and Brooklyn vintage but also an earnest sporting goods store and Nordstrom. The list of 25 stores was built using criteria such as inventory, curation, proprietorship, customer service, ambience, location and payoff. The Times occasionally makes its list of home delivery subscribers available to marketing partners or third parties who offer products or services that are likely to interest its readers. If you prefer that we do not share this information, please notify Customer Service, 620 Eighth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10018-1405, or email help@nytimes.com. Higher rates, available on request, for mailing outside the U.S., or for the New York edition outside the Northeast: 1-800-631-2580. Not including state or local tax. ELIZABETH FRANTZ FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES Unraveling the ‘Mystery’ of the President’s Wealth last year is more than triple the revenue he reported during the first year of his first term. World Liberty Financial, and a firm tied to the government of the United Arab Emirates. (That was more than $200 million.) Interestingly, most of the revenue growth came from new ventures like crypto. It was surprising that the money he made from his domestic golf and real estate businesses had risen by only about 4 percent since 2017, once you accounted for inflation. For someone who has always been thought of as a real estate mogul, that income is now dwarfed by the money he’s making from crypto deals. That’s new revenue — not his net worth. Trump’s financial disclosures don’t tell us with much precision how much money he’s worth. But the fact that a president generated billions in revenue while occupying the Oval Office is unheard of. You are an investigative reporter. How deep did you have to dig to find this number? To put it another way — is this a figure Trump has kept close to the vest, or is it something he has been open about? Legal consequences are one thing. The ballot box is another. We know this smashes norms set by other presidents. Do we know if voters care? It was actually out in the open. Many aspects of Trump’s wealth, like his tax returns, have been secret. But Trump, like presidents before him, is required to file a form with the Office of Government Ethics each year, revealing how much money he made from business ventures. Some Democrats have certainly been making it a campaign issue. Senator Jon Ossoff, a Georgia Democrat, has been labeling this “the most corrupt administration of all time.” James Talarico, a Democrat running for Senate in Texas, has promised anticorruption legislation. The downside is that it comes in a 900- page document that most people wouldn’t want to sit down and read. Fortunately, with the help of computer programming, I was able to extract that data and put it into a spreadsheet I could analyze. But here’s the rub: For decades, a majority of Americans have said there is widespread government corruption. And corruption allegations have long dogged both parties — House Republicans released an entire report on how the Biden family made millions from foreign entities. Tell us more about what you found. Were there any surprises buried in all that data? The exact magnitude of the money he had made last year was a mystery until now. For example, we previously reported that he and his associates made at least $320 million from his memecoin. The new documents told us that he actually took in a whopping $636 million. (A memecoin is technically cryptocurrency but more like a collectible — you can’t usually spend it.) There have been some signs, however, that voters are paying closer attention in light of the billions Trump made last year. The Times has reported that while only a small sliver of voters view corruption as the No. 1 issue, it’s a top-three issue for more than a third of them. That’s a spike from a decade ago. These documents also told us for the first time how much money he made from a deal between his family’s crypto company, Subscribe to the On Politics newsletter at nytimes.com/newsletters. A Headline From History COOLIDGE SWORN IN AT FARM HOMESTEAD August 4, 1923. Calvin Coolidge was sworn in as the 30th president of the United States early the previous morning, a few hours after the sudden death of President Warren G. Harding in San Francisco, The Times reported. John Coolidge, Coolidge’s father, administered the oath of office by the faint light of a kerosene lamp on the family’s homestead in Plymouth, Vt. “It was the first time in the history of the Republic that a father installed his son as the Chief Executive of the nation,” The Times wrote. As president, Coolidge was generally well liked, handily winning re-election in 1924 and presiding over robust economic growth, but four years after he assumed the presidency, he announced unexpectedly that he would not run again in 1928. A.G. Sulzberger, Publisher All advertising published in The New York Times is subject to the applicable rate card, available from the advertising department. The Times reserves the right not to accept an advertiser’s order. Only publication of an advertisement shall constitute final acceptance. Meredith Kopit Levien, President and Chief Executive Officer R. Anthony Benten, Treasurer Diane Brayton, Secretary © 2026, The New York Times Company. All rights reserved.
Only 12 percent of Americans say they want to keep changing their clocks twice a year in accordance with daylight saving time, according to an AP-NORC poll in October.
A.I. is helping people write corridos — traditional Mexican folk ballads that for generations have helped Mexican and Mexican American communities make sense of violence, injustice and loss on their own terms — within hours.
As wildfires rage in France, Spain, Greece and elsewhere, and as several devastating heat waves affect major cities like Paris and London, Europe is experiencing a summer of reckoning. Some travelers are questioning whether it’s time to give up on summer in Western Europe altogether. Have your travel plans been affected by the heat or the fires? If so, we want to hear from you.
In Europe, storage facilities for natural gas, which households and businesses use extensively for boilers and furnaces, are only 54 percent full. That’s the second-lowest level for summer since 2011.
Amy Schumer is the only female comedian who has performed stand-up as a headliner at Madison Square Garden.
In Cambodia, international arrivals in the first three months of this year declined by 45 percent compared with the same period last year, tourism officials said.
Is there any other democracy that still has the death penalty?
What’s the trend going forward? At this moment of resurgent populism and authoritarianism, should we expect a resurgence of the death penalty, too?
There is growing evidence that the vaccine to prevent shingles also protects against dementia, reducing the risk of cognitive decline by roughly 20 percent.
The Democratic Party recently reported more than $2 million in debt, while the Republican National Committee had $128.5 million in the bank.
[图注] LOUISA GOULIAMAKI/REUTERS A helicopter battling a wildfire near Nea Peramos, west of Athens, on Monday.
Callout: Was your trip to Europe affected by heat or wildfires? Tell us: If you canceled your trip to Europe, where were you planning to go? What persuaded you to change your plans? If you traveled in spite of the heat and fires, how did they affect your trip? To share your response, fill out a form at nytimes.com/readers. We will not publish your response without contacting you first.
Last month was the 50th anniversary of the death penalty’s return in the United States. Maurice Chammah, a journalist for the nonprofit news organization The Marshall Project, recently produced a podcast with the Serial team at The Times called “The Last 12 Weeks,” which focused on efforts by a group of lawyers to stop their client’s execution. For The World, Katrin Bennhold spoke to Mr. Chammah about the podcast, and America’s unusual commitment to the death penalty. Read an edited excerpt below.
Yes, but it’s extremely rare, and of the democracies that have it, the U.S. carries out by far the most executions. It’s definitely something more associated with authoritarian regimes. Those countries carry out far more executions than the U.S. Last year, 47 people were executed in America. By comparison, Saudi Arabia executed 356 people and Iran over 1,000.
It’s possible. Amnesty International put out a report last year linking what it calls rising authoritarianism and the use of executions. Authoritarianism and populism are not the same thing. But we are seeing a rise of both across the world. Trump has been trying to rev up the use of the federal death penalty. We’re also seeing a return to all of these different experimental execution methods, like the firing squad. In Israel, the Knesset passed a law earlier this year to allow executions of people whose crimes are working against the state of Israel — in other words, a law that is expected to only be applied to Palestinians.
But actually, overall, the long-term trend is pointing downward. In the U.S., the number of people sentenced to death has been dropping since it last peaked in the 1990s. Juries seem less interested in handing down the death penalty. Prosecutors don’t seek it as often. The public appetite is actually just not as strong as it once was.
[图注] RYAN LIEBE FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES FOOD STYLIST: BARRETT WASHNURNE
Is Largest Disruption Since Spread of Covid
By JOHN YOON and MUKTITA SUHARTONO
Khon Mony normally shuttles at least four groups of tourists on his tuk tuk to the ancient stone spires of Angkor Wat in Cambodia each week. But in all of May, he did not get a single customer.
He blames the war raging over 3,000 miles away in the Middle East.
Since the United States and Israel attacked Iran in late February, airfares have soared — doubled on some routes — and the fighting has repeatedly disrupted flights at the commercial aviation hubs of Dubai and Doha.
While the tourism industries of Cambodia, Indonesia and Thailand have largely been resilient because of regional travel, some towns and cities that rely on European travelers have suffered. Many European tourists have canceled trips to these hot spots in favor of holidays closer to home in recent months, travel industry officials said.
This has imposed immense financial difficulties on Mr. Khon, 30. Each time he prepares his 7-month-old baby’s formula, he said, he uses one scoop of powdered milk instead of the recommended two and a half, so he can stretch a can from 10 days to three weeks.
“I worry that my daughter is not healthy because I cannot give her enough milk like before,” said Mr. Khon, as he looked out across a quiet street in Siem Reap, a major tourism hub in Cambodia.
The fallout from the war is the most jarring disruption to Southeast Asia’s vital tourism industry since the Covid pandemic, according to travel industry officials.
In Cambodia, international arrivals in the first three months of this year declined by 45 percent compared with the same period last year, tourism officials said. Mr. Khon said that he used to earn an average of about 82,000 Cambodian riel, or $20, a day ferrying visitors. That has now dropped to less than $5 a day.
Businesses at Siem Reap Angkor International Airport have slashed work hours. Lam Lan, 25, a cook at an airport restaurant, said his shifts had been cut from 30 days a month to around 20 since March. His monthly earnings dropped from $250 to less than $150.
After factoring in gasoline costs and debt payments, Mr. Lam said he had just enough to buy soy milk for his 1-year-old daughter while his wife was pregnant with their second child.
“I am worried about my second baby because I do not have money saved for his birth,” Mr. Lan said.
Chrun Kimseng, 59, a tour guide who has led Spanish-speaking travelers through Angkor Wat for over 30 years, said he was making 35 percent less than what he did before the Iran war started. To compensate, he started growing vegetables and raising chickens to reduce his food expenses.
“My income now is only enough for survival,” he said.
In the Phang Nga province of neighboring Thailand, there is a similar crisis. Hotel bookings there have dropped by around 50 percent since the war began, local officials said.
At Surakul Pier — the main gateway for boat tours to Koh Khao Phing Kan, an island that featured in a James Bond film — the financial damage was visible. Where a steady procession of minibuses and long-tail boats once carried thousands of tourists a day, dozens of vessels now sit idle, rocking quietly at their moorings.
“I don’t know how long we can survive,” said Channipha Laklaem, 46, who collects the pier’s boat fees of 10 Thai baht, or $0.30. There had been almost no trips to collect fees from since the war began, she said.
Her husband, a boat operator for 16 years, has not had any customers since April, she said. The family now relies entirely on her $243 monthly wage. She said she stopped along the roadside every evening on her way home to forage for wild ivy gourd leaves and melinjo fruit to boil into a basic soup for her husband and two children.
Rungrat Huailek, 53, who has run boat tours in Phang Nga for 30 years, said that with the European tourists gone, residents were cutting nonessential expenses. He said his monthly earnings had dropped from around $900 to about $300, and he was forced to burn through most of his savings.
“We used to go out over the weekend for entertainment with the kids. We used to eat out,” Ms. Channipha said. “Not anymore. It’s a luxury we cannot afford.”
When his teenage daughter asked to go on a vacation during a recent school break, he asked her to buy a snack at the nearest convenience store. That, he said, was the only outing they could afford.
“Things look so bleak now,” Mr. Rungrat said. “All I can do is pray and be patient.”
The Indonesian island of Bali, a global tourist hot spot, has been more resilient. Its economy has been insulated from the shock of the Iran war by a steady stream of travelers from Australia and China. But local tour operators who catered specifically to European visitors said they were worried about the coming months.
Governor Wayan Koster of Bali said the Iran war had reduced the number of European visitors who reached the island by transiting through Middle Eastern travel hubs. Putu Winastra, chairman of the island’s tour agency association, said he had frozen salaries at his company because he expected bookings to drop by 45 percent this year.
Bali’s tourism officials have launched an urgent campaign to find new customers elsewhere, sending sales missions to Australia, China, Singapore and South Korea, Mr. Winastra said. The Indonesian government has also waived taxes on domestic economy airfares to encourage Indonesians to holiday at home.
With no clear end to the war in sight, tourism workers are improvising to survive. Some boat operators in Phang Nga have returned to fishing or taken farm jobs. In the nearby Thai resort town of Khao Lak, nail beautician Nantipa Yamsantia, 41, said she had begun training to become a masseuse.
In Siem Reap, Mr. Khon still shows up at the taxi stand every morning, waiting for fares that rarely materialize. A former kitchen hand, he is weighing whether to abandon his tuk tuk entirely to look for restaurant work, even though local eateries are also trimming staff hours.
For now, he is cutting down on what he eats so he can give a little more porridge to his daughter.
“I have no other choice,” he said.
[图注] A worker putting out a discount sign for services in front of a spa in Siem Reap, which is a major tourism hub in Cambodia.
[图注] Tourists on a causeway to the Angkor Wat temple complex in Siem Reap. International arrivals in Cambodia declined by 45 percent in the first quarter.
[图注] Tuk tuk drivers waiting for passengers outside of the Angkor Wat temple complex. One driver, Khon Mony, did not have a single customer in May.
[图注] A lone tourist at a restaurant in Khao Lak, a famous and usually busy tourist hub in Thailand.
[图注] An almost empty beach in Khao Lak, Thailand. Many European tourists have canceled trips in favor of holidays closer to home in recent months.
[图注] PHOTOGRAPHS BY LAUREN DeCICCA FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
with the European tourists gone, residents were cutting nonessential expenses. He said his monthly earnings had dropped from around $900 to about $300, and he was forced to burn through most of his savings.
DANIELE VOLPE FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES Former President Porfilio Lobo was also accused of corruption in Honduras but won a dismissal of his case last month. Pardoned by Trump, Former Leader Faces Justice in Honduras What did a U.S. court find him guilty of? By JOAN SUAZO and EMILIANO RODRÍGUEZ MEGA TEGUCIGALPA, Honduras — Just eight months ago, Juan Orlando Hernández was beginning a 45-year prison sentence in a West Virginia federal penitentiary for sweeping drug trafficking and weapons charges. Less than three weeks after Mr. Hernández stepped down in 2022 from his second presidential term, the U.S. authorities requested his arrest and extradition from the newly installed left-wing government in Honduras. Now, Mr. Hernández is back on home soil to face justice in his country. Shortly after, elite police units surrounded his home in Tegucigalpa, the capital, and he was flown in handcuffs to the United States. A former president of Honduras, he was extradited to the United States in 2022, following charges of operating his country as a “narco-state” and saying he would “shove the drugs right up the noses of the gringos” by flooding the United States with cocaine. Two years ago, he was found guilty in a U.S. federal court. But after his family and rightwing political operatives lobbied for his release, President Trump pardoned him in November. In 2024, a federal court in New York found Mr. Hernández guilty of using Honduras as a primary transit hub for 400 tons of U.S.- bound cocaine and authorizing the use of machine guns and grenade launchers to protect a drug trafficking emporium. In court, Judge P. Kevin Castel called Mr. Hernández “a twofaced politician hungry for power” who posed as an antidrug warrior while secretly partnering with traffickers. Before being sentenced, Mr. Hernández insisted that he had been the target of political persecution. “Today I came back to my homeland,” Mr. Hernández, who led his country from 2014 to 2022, told a crowd of cheering supporters upon his return just over a week ago. “I come to be just another Honduran who builds, uplifts and unifies — both inside and outside my party.” “It’s as if I had been thrown into a deep river with my hands bound,” he said. U.S. prosecutors also said that Mr. Hernández received “millions of dollars of drug money” from criminal actors, including from the notorious Mexican drug lord Joaquín Guzmán Loera, known as El Chapo. However, his homecoming starts a new legal battle. Despite having his U.S. conviction wiped clean, and delaying his return home until after a Honduran arrest warrant against him was suspended, Mr. Hernández remains a target in an enormous graft investigation in Honduras known as the Pandora Case. The inquiry centers on a network of lawmakers and high-ranking politicians who, from 2010 to 2013, are said to have diverted public funds meant for social programs, agriculture and poverty reduction. Why was he pardoned? Mr. Hernández’s cause was taken up by conservative figures like Roger J. Stone Jr., who was himself pardoned by Mr. Trump in 2020. Mr. Stone, a longtime friend and ally of Mr. Trump, admitted to delivering a pardon request to the White House personally last year, arguing that the political left had wrongfully framed Mr. Hernández. They then funneled that money, Honduran prosecutors say, into private foundations to finance political campaigns — including Mr. Hernández’s successful 2013 presidential bid. He has maintained that the accusations against him are politically motivated. Though the investigation into Mr. Hernández’s ties with drug traffickers primarily took place during Mr. Trump’s first term, the White House said he had been “set up” and targeted because “he was opposed to the values” of the Biden administration. Here is what to know as Mr. Hernández steps back into the spotlight to face Honduran justice. Annie Correal contributed reporting. “There was virtually no independent evidence presented,” Mr. By ALAN YUHAS Flying over the southwestern Amazon, archaeologists have discovered hundreds of ancient, monumental designs carved in the earth that hint at complex societies in the rainforest a millennium before Spanish and Portuguese colonists arrived. The research, published this week in the journal Nature, shows circles, squares and other geometric figures, some with connecting roads, beneath the forest canopy, with nearly 400 previously unknown earthworks in all. Many are formations that archaeologists call geoglyphs and date from between 600 B.C. to 850 A.D. All of them add to evidence contradicting the depiction of the Amazon as a largely untouched expanse before the arrival of Europeans in the 15th century. landscape modification in southwestern Amazonia,” said José Iriarte, an archaeologist at the University of Exeter who was not involved in the research. To see under the dense canopy near the borders of Bolivia, Brazil and Peru, the researchers used a laser-scanning technology called lidar — an acronym for light detection and ranging — which archaeologists and other scholars around the world have used to map sites invisible to the naked eye. Further excavation, he said, would be crucial in investigating the geoglyphs, which in many ways remain mysterious, including “how they were used and whether they were associated with residence, ceremonies or other activities.” The geoglyphs, shaped by embankments, mounds and trenches, vary in size. Most span seven acres, including many with ditches 30 feet wide and 15 feet deep. The biggest figure sprawls across more than 120 acres. Drawing in part on oral accounts from the Apurinã nation, the Indigenous group that lives in the center of the earthwork area, the researchers said that the designs likely had several purposes. “This is an important and ambitious study, based on exceptionally extensive lidar coverage for this region, which reveals the remarkable scale of pre-Columbian “We are quite sure that those are used for festivities, political occasions, ceremonies, dance, music and also competition like A6 N INTERNATIONAL THE NEW YORK TIMES TUESDAY, AUGUST 4, 2026 torney general issued an international arrest warrant and an Interpol Red Notice seeking Mr. Hernández’s detention. But in June, both were suspended after the country’s judiciary accepted his request to turn himself in voluntarily. Trump’s press secretary, Karoline Leavitt, told reporters after the pardon in December, adding that Mr. Hernández’s conviction relied heavily on the testimony of “admitted criminals” seeking reduced sentences. Mr. Trump’s pardon also coincided with his endorsement of a right-wing presidential candidate from Mr. Hernández’s party, Nasry Asfura, who went on to win last year’s elections. What do Hondurans think of his return? Mr. Hernández’s arrival in Honduras has fractured public opinion. What charges does he face at home? Last week, a nationwide survey by ERIC-SJ, a Jesuit human rights center, found that 52 percent of participants opposed his return. But 46 percent supported it. Honduran prosecutors have brought fraud and money-laundering charges against Mr. Hernández, accusing him of siphoning roughly $2.4 million in public funds, including from the Ministry of Agriculture, to finance his 2013 presidential bid while he led the National Congress. For his supporters, Mr. Hernández is a victim of political persecution whose homecoming feels like total vindication. For critics, he remains the ultimate symbol of state corruption. The money was allegedly laundered through two nonprofits to disguise its public origin before being funneled into his campaign. “Seeing Juan Orlando set foot in Honduras again fills me with a great sense of peace,” said Sandra Gálvez, 52, a school janitor in Tegucigalpa. In December, the Honduran atArchaeologists Find Ancient Glyphs in Amazon, Challenging Ideas of Its Past MARTTI PÄRSSINEN MARTTI PÄRSSINEN AND FABIO DE NOVAES Circles, squares and geometric figures were among the hundreds of geoglyphs discovered in the Amazon rainforest. Right, a lidar image of an earthwork in Acre, Brazil. The sites added to evidence that the Amazon basin was densely populated before Columbus. ball games,” said Martti Pärssinen, the lead author and an emeritus professor at the University of Helsinki. of permanent residence at the mounds from the Aquiry era, which ended around 900 A.D. Nor did they believe any were meant to be defensive structures. The researchers attributed the structures to an ancient society they called the Aquiry, which Dr. Pärssinen described as a multicultural, multilingual group that “shared a common cosmology” reflected in these ceremonial centers. But the structures, stretching across a zone of 1,700 square miles, build on evidence that the Amazon basin was widely and densely populated in the centuries before Columbus. Chroniclers like Gaspar de Carvajal, a missionary who traveled the Amazon in the 1540s with the conquistador Francisco de Orellana, described a land “thickly populated” in some places, with many large settlements, including one that “stretched for five leagues without there intervening any space from house to house.” “Nobody has totally figured out” the exact purpose or meaning of the geoglyphs, which may have astronomically related forms, said Anna Roosevelt, a professor of anthropology at the University of Illinois Chicago, who was not on the team. Dr. Pärssinen said the archaeologists had not found any evidence Those accounts were largely LEONEL ESTRADA/REUTERS Juan Orlando Hernández, a Honduran president from 2014 to 2022, after returning to his country last month. At left, his extradition to the United States in 2022. What happens now? Mr. Hernández was set to appear before a Honduran Supreme Court justice on Monday for his initial arraignment, at which the judge was to decide if he would be detained while the proceedings continue. An evidentiary hearing was to occur shortly after. The judge could then send the case toward trial, shelve it or dismiss the charges entirely. If the case moves to trial, it won’t end anytime soon. Complicated banking records, shell companies and political finance networks mean that audits and appeals could easily drag the legal battle out for years. ELMER MARTINEZ/ASSOCIATED PRESS Yet a strong legal precedent already exists in his favor. A supporter of Mr. Hernández’s conservative National Party, Ms. Gálvez added that Mr. Trump’s pardon “proved what we in the party have always said: that the trial against Juan Orlando was a lie concocted by criminals and political enemies.” One of Mr. Hernández’s co-defendants in the Pandora Case is his predecessor, former President Porfirio Lobo — whom the U.S. placed sanctions on in 2021, alleging he accepted cartel bribes. Honduran prosecutors accused Mr. Lobo, whose term ran from 2010 to 2014, of allowing public funds to be diverted systematically under his watch. Others strongly disagree. Mr. Hernández’s troubled tenure saw deadly protests erupt over his disputed re-election in 2017 and a surge in migration out of Honduras as people confronted violence and poverty. However, Mr. Lobo won a complete dismissal last month after his defense successfully argued that even if funds were stolen, prosecutors could not prove he had personal knowledge of or ordered the theft. Mr. Hernández’s lawyers, experts say, could employ a similar argument. The Sunday Mr. Hernández arrived in Honduras, Father Ovidio Rodríguez, a Catholic priest in Tegucigalpa, went viral after delivering a searing critique of the crowds celebrating the former president’s return during Mass. “It wouldn’t be surprising if he walks away cleared of all charges,” said Juan Carlos Aguilar, an anti-corruption lawyer, noting that Honduras has never convicted a former president. “I’m going to say this, and I ask for your forgiveness: The Honduran people are masochists,” Father Rodríguez said, reminding the public not to forget major corruption scandals associated with Mr. Hernández, including the Pandora Case. “This case presents a major test for Honduras,” Mr. Aguilar said, “especially for its justice system.” “A masochist,” he said, “is someone who lives happily with pain.” eastern Ecuador. Dr. Pärssinen’s team estimated that there may be thousands more earthworks in the region, and noted that the rainforest remains so dense in some places that even lasers could not pierce the foliage. In other places, scientists warned, deforestation for agriculture may have damaged or destroyed sites. “This heritage is highly threatened by logging and soybean farming,” said Eduardo Neves, an archaeologist at the University of São Paulo, who was not on the team. Dr. Pärssinen’s team also suggested that at the peak of Aquiry society, between 100-300 A.D., the total population of just this region may have reached up to three million people. Population estimates are a subject of intense and sometimes thorny debate among researchers. Some experts said that the latest study’s proposal should be treated with caution, since it extrapolates not from excavated settlements but from a number of other factors, like how many earthwork sites may be in the region and how many people were probably needed to build and maintain them. dismissed in the centuries that followed, given the crushing toll that disease and colonization took on Indigenous people. Scientists who followed also struggled to see how large or complex societies could develop without European-style agriculture, contributing to a false idea that the Amazon was a pristine forest, rather than one where the population was almost wiped out. “Archaeologists find all of these things that are not supposed to be found in Amazonia, and it’s not because Amazonia is different in terms of the soil but how you use the forest,” Dr. Roosevelt said. But most scientists now hold that the 16th-century accounts of dense populations were not as farfetched as many generations believed. “They thought that it was imagination of Carvajal and the expedition of Orellana, which saw really huge settlements,” Dr. Pärssinen said. Recent work in other parts of the Amazon has found the traces of roads, canals, plazas and residential platforms, including in
By MARK LANDLER
Rabat. “The entire logic of the economic model is the showcase,” he said. “People visit Morocco and they find it beautiful.”
dent Trump, who has lavished the country of 38 million and its monarch with praise.
But the Ceuta migration crisis exposed a deep dismay among its young people, who, when faced with scant job opportunities, recurrent droughts and frequent arrests of government critics, chose to vote with their feet and get out.
“Do you think if I had a job I would have gone?” snapped Ahlam al-Adnan, 22, when asked where she had worked before she set off for Ceuta. She sat in the sun near the border on Sunday, looking exhausted.
She had swum to the territory with her four siblings, including her 8-year-old brother, she said. In Ceuta, they hid in a forest but became hungry, so she went to look for food, got detained and was sent back to Morocco.
Over the weekend, thousands of the returned migrants, most of them young Moroccan men, wandered the streets of the Moroccan town of Fnideq, resting on sidewalks and sleeping in open lots. Most wore shorts, T-shirts and sandals, and carried few possessions, if any.
Teams of police officers in black uniforms swept through town, pushing the migrants out of public areas and bundling those who resisted into vans. Outside of town, dozens of buses stood near a gas station, filling up with captured migrants who would be ferried back to their home regions.
Anxious relatives of migrants who had set off for Ceuta and never returned sat along the road hoping for news. When groups of newly returned migrants walked by, the relatives would show them photos of their missing loved ones, in case anyone had seen them.
Abdelkhalek Moumouh and his wife, Kawtar Alalej, asked about their eldest son Saad, 18. He had recently finished high school but had not been accepted to university programs in engineering, aviation and architecture, his father said. He wanted to study in Europe, but the family could not afford it.
Last month, King Mohammed informed Mr. Trump that he was naming a 656-mile expressway through the territory the Donald J. Trump Highway.
When the family saw the news on social media that migrants were entering Ceuta, the parents drove their son to the border, they said, hoping this would be his chance. They hadn’t heard from him since.
In recent years, the Moroccan government has showcased large investments aimed at strengthening the economy, including in a port on the Mediterranean and a high-speed train. It is spending lavishly on stadiums for the 2030 World Cup, which it will be co-host of with Spain and Portugal.
“Other people went to Europe and benefited from it,” said Mr. Moumouh, 50. “We already wasted our lives in Morocco. We don’t want him to.”
The migrants’ determination to leave made it clear that Morocco, often considered a North African success story, has failed to deliver hope for many of its youth.
But the government’s policies focus on large companies and big infrastructure while creating too few lasting jobs, said Najib Akesbi, an economist at the Institute of Agronomy in the capital, Rabat. “The entire logic of the economic model is the showcase,” he said. “People visit Morocco and they find it beautiful.”
Last year, the World Bank said that over the previous decade, Morocco’s working-age population had grown by 11.4 percent, while employment had increased by only 1.5 percent. Many of the investments, he said, turn out to be “white elephants” that create construction work that disappears once the projects are complete, not lasting employment.
Job creation remained “a fundamental challenge,” the bank said. Overall unemployment in Morocco is around 11 percent, according to government statistics, but among people aged 15 to 24 it is nearly three times as high.
An earlier wave of protests that focused on economic hardship in rural areas also ended with mass arrests and prison sentences for protest leaders.
Ceuta, which is easily visible from the hills and coast of Fnideq, is a perpetual draw for migrants. Per capita income in Morocco is $4,600, according to the World Bank. In Spain, of which Ceuta is a part, it is $38,600.
On a back street in Fnideq, Mohammed Said, 36, said he had come to the coast with those headed for Ceuta. He had quit school after seventh grade and worked in construction, but had not found stable employment.
The Moroccan government has shown little patience for citizens who make their discontent known. By the time he reached the border, he said, chaos reigned, with cars on fire and migrants clashing with the security forces. So he had hung back.
Last fall, youth-led demonstrations broke out in more than half a dozen Moroccan cities. Organized through social media, the protests expressed frustration over the soaring cost of living, youth unemployment and the government’s economic priorities, including World Cup preparations.
He had tried to swim to the territory twice last year, he said, but the Moroccan authorities stopped him. This time, he had come prepared, with a can of tuna, some crackers, a phone charger, comb, two extra T-shirts and a plastic sleeve for his cellphone, all in a plastic bag.
The authorities responded with arrests and by prosecuting activists.
“I’ll try again,” he said. “It’s in God’s hands.”
By MARK LANDLER
PARIS — In its chaos, desperation and sheer scale, the sudden surge this week of tens of thousands of migrants into a Spanish territory in North Africa recalled similar scenes 11 years ago along the coasts of Greece and Italy.
It was that 2015 crisis — when more than a million people, mostly from the Middle East, swept into southern Europe — that deepened opposition to immigration across Europe and emboldened the far right.
Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen of Denmark, a social democrat who has enacted one of Europe’s strictest asylum policies, called on her fellow leaders to consider suspending Spain from the Schengen area, which allows free movement between 29 countries in Europe.
There was little to differentiate her reaction from that of Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni of Italy, a right-wing leader who came to power promising to curb immigration. Ms. Meloni said the images from Ceuta were “striking and demonstrate, once again, that uncontrolled illegal immigration poses a concrete threat.” Italy, she added on social media, “will not stand by and watch.”
Now as then, far-right leaders have tried to exploit scenes of border chaos on the doorstep of Europe. In Britain, France and Italy, anti-immigrant politicians warned that the latest crisis was stark proof of the dangers of Spain’s immigration policies, which are more liberal than those of many of its European neighbors.
The difference is that these far-right parties, largely marginal in 2015, are now either in power or have a plausible path to it. And Europe’s centrist leaders, desperate to avoid a political backlash, have adopted some of their hard-line policies and language on immigration, abandoning the more welcoming approach of 2015. In little more than a decade, the far right has largely reshaped the immigration narrative.
Chancellor Friedrich Merz of Germany demanded that Morocco “take back illegal migrants immediately.” It was a long way from Angela Merkel, Germany’s last center-right chancellor. She famously said, “wir schaffen das” — “we can do this” — when confronted with a wave of refugees from war-torn Syria in 2015, many of whom are now European citizens, integrated into European society.
“If centrist leaders give the impression that they are being outflanked on these issues, they will lose the narrative completely,” said François Gemenne, an expert on migration and climate issues at HEC Paris, a business school. “That’s why they feel obliged to show themselves as very tough on issues like border control.”
These responses attest to the general hardening of Europe’s immigration policies, a trend that has made Spain’s current leftwing government an outlier.
Countries like Sweden, once viewed as generous in creating routes to citizenship, have passed stricter rules on granting asylum and legal residency. More aggressive measures at sea have seen maritime migration levels plummet since 2015.
Centrist leaders in countries like Denmark and France quickly condemned the influx to Ceuta, the Spanish territory whose borders were overwhelmed on Thursday. They vowed to fortify their frontiers to block the migrants, even though most of the new arrivals had turned around and crossed back into Morocco within hours.
Analysts said the tough tone from leaders in recent days reflected a recognition that even if Europe is far from seeing a repeat of the 2015 crisis, public opinion can still be easily swayed by dramatic images — whether of rickety boats landing on English beaches or young men scaling chain-link fences to enter Spanish territory.
“Visible things get seen and reported,” Mr. Katwala said, referring to the chaos in Ceuta. “Invisible things do not.”
“It’s the visible lack of control that’s the problem,” said Sunder Katwala, the director of British Future, a London institute that focuses on integration and identity. “That will resonate with the core audience of the populist parties.”
Spain’s prime minister, Pedro Sánchez, is among the few centrist or left-leaning leaders to try to maintain a publicly welcoming stance on immigration, allowing more than a million illegal immigrants to apply earlier this year for formal status.
Mr. Katwala noted that the number of migrants smuggled across the English Channel in small boats was down sharply so far this year. France and Britain announced a “one-in, one-out” agreement last year under which the British government can send back some migrants who cross the channel illegally. Yet Reform U.K., Britain’s main anti-immigrant party, has led polls for most of the year.
Accused of encouraging the Ceuta crisis with such policies, Mr. Sánchez countered that it was possible to welcome immigrants while keeping control of the border. He asserted that from 2021 to 2025, more people entered the European Union illegally through Italy, the Western Balkans and Greece than through Spain. And he noted that most of the people who crossed into Ceuta on Thursday had left by Saturday.
“This has been achieved in close coordination with the Moroccan authorities and with very little support from other European states, while pursuing the effective and solidarity-based migration policy that Spain has consistently implemented over recent years,” he wrote in an open letter to European leaders that was published on Saturday.
Across Europe, far-right parties continue to flourish, even though it has become harder for migrants to reach the continent by any route. Net migration statistics — the number of people arriving minus those leaving — dropped last year in Britain, Germany and Spain from the previous year, according to Eurostat, the statistical service of the European Commission. They rose modestly in France and Italy.
[图注] PHOTOGRAPHS BY SERGEY PONOMAREV FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES The border between Ceuta, which is part of Spain, and Fnideq, Morocco. Left, migrants who had returned from Ceuta talking on Sunday to the relatives of fellow migrants who had gone missing.
“Do you think if I had a job I would have gone?”
“Other people went to Europe and benefited from it. We already wasted our lives in Morocco. We don’t want him to.”
“It’s the visible lack of control that’s the problem.”
Giulia Imbert contributed reporting.
In Britain, Nigel Farage, the leader of Reform U.K., warned that the migrants entering Ceuta would make their way toward the northern coast of France and onward to Britain by crossing the English Channel.
Memories of 2015 are still vivid in Europe, which was reshaped politically by the influx from Syria, Afghanistan and other countries. The following year, Britain, fueled by anti-immigrant sentiment, voted to leave the European Union, even though it was not heavily affected by that wave of migration.
Mr. Farage’s relentless focus on immigration played a role in the failure of Britain’s centrist former prime minister Keir Starmer. He resigned last month after becoming deeply unpopular, partly because he failed to convince Britons that he was doing enough to fix problems like the illegal channel crossings.
In Germany, the far-right party Alternative for Germany made major inroads in a federal election in 2017 by exploiting fears of uncontrolled immigration, and could win state elections for the first time this fall in eastern Germany.
Mr. Starmer hardened his rhetoric about immigration during his two years in office, even warning once that Britain risked becoming an “island of strangers.” But although he oversaw a drop in immigration, he was never able to take credit for the reduction in arrivals.
In France, Marine Le Pen, the candidate of the anti-immigrant National Rally party, rode the issue into the second round of the 2017 presidential election. Ms. Le Pen, who is running for president a fourth time, signaled she was planning to turn the Spanish crisis into a campaign theme.
“Faced with the massive and coordinated influx of migrants into Spain, encouraged by the Spanish government, France must without delay strengthen controls at its borders,” she said on social media.
Her deputy, Jordan Bardella, laid out the line of attack that right-wing opponents of Mr. Sánchez will likely use against him.
“By regularizing hundreds of thousands of undocumented immigrants, Spain’s socialist Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez has opened the doors of Europe to all dangers,” Mr. Bardella said on social media.
JON NAZCA/REUTERS
Spain’s prime minister, Pedro Sánchez, is among the few leaders with a welcoming stance on immigration.
War in the Middle East U.S. Suspends Threat, but Iran Says, Bring It On By ERIKA SOLOMON When President Trump appeared to back down once again from a threatened military escalation against Tehran, he offered fresh fodder to the narrative Iranian officials are eager to promote: They are not the ones who fear war — Mr. Trump is. Iran’s leadership believes it has found the world’s Achilles’ heel. With the help of regional militia allies, Tehran spent the past week underscoring its ability to threaten several of the world’s most critical energy facilities and waterways. It has continued to up the ante in its face-off with Washington over when and how to stop their renewed hostilities and return to a short-lived deal to start peace negotiations, which fell apart last month. Iranian officials have spotted a pattern in Mr. Trump’s attempts to shape negotiations, said Sasan Karimi, a former senior Iranian government official and a professor of Iranian studies at the University of Tehran. When Mr. Trump signaled in recent days that a major escalation was imminent if no concessions were made, two former Iranian officials said Tehran’s leadership told him to go right ahead. “They are ready for the war, and they won’t back down,” said Amir al-Mousawi, a former Iranian diplomat, who said he had met over the weekend with the team surrounding Iran’s head negotiator and speaker of Parliament, Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf. Mr. alMousawi described an exchange of messages between U.S. and Iranian officials sent over the weekend through Pakistani and Qatari officials, in which he said Mr. Trump vowed a severe attack on civilian infrastructure like power plants if the Iranians did not restart negotiations. “Whenever their messages are exchanged, Mr. Trump starts to pressurize the situation by threatening Iran, so he can try to get further concessions,” he said. “But Iran is not so easily manipulated.” On Sunday, Mr. Trump said he had relented from his planned escalation after Iran and other Middle Eastern countries requested a delay because the “perimeters of a deal” had been agreed to. Yet, there are no outward signs of any return to U.S.-Iranian negotiations. What does appear to have happened is that Saudi Arabia and Qatar expressed concerns over their ability to defend their oil and gas facilities adequately, according to two regional diplomats. The Iranians refused, he said, unless Washington returned to the previously agreed “memorandum of understanding,” which many experts say was in Iran’s favor. The official Saudi news channel said on Sunday that Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, the de facto ruler of Saudi Arabia, had recently spoken with Mr. Trump to stress “the necessity of prioritizing dialogue to de-escalate tensions” and “prevent a wider conflict.” “‘We have no problem with war at all, and we are ready for the big confrontation,’” Mr. al-Mousawi said the Iranians told the Americans. “Trump told the Iranians: ‘I will hit the power in Iran.’ So, the Iranians said, ‘If you strike, we strike.’” Recent strikes in the region reflect the severity of those concerns. Falih Hassan, Aaron Boxerman and Sanam Mahoozi contributed reporting. Two weeks ago, the Houthis, an By LINDA QIU WHAT MR. TRUMP SAID WASHINGTON — As the United States’ war with Iran stretches into its sixth month, concerns over a depleted weapons arsenal, rising casualties and economic consequences have mounted. President Trump has waved off those worries, even as he seeks a diplomatic solution to end the fighting and polls show Americans growing frustrated with the war. Instead, he has characterized the war in Ukraine as a greater drain on military resources, defended the death toll by comparing it with previous military engagements and celebrated single-day drops in oil prices. Here’s a fact-check of some of his recent claims. WHAT MR. TRUMP SAID “Oil dropped very big today.” — in remarks on July 27 This needs context. It is true that oil prices dipped that day, as fighting between the United States and Iran paused. It was the largest single-day decline since late May. But oil prices still remain high and volatile compared with levels before the war. This needs context. The death tolls cited in the chart Mr. Trump shared in July are largely accurate, though some are imprecise. More important, he is comparing more limited military incursions in his presidency to major wars that stretched decades throughout multiple administrations. His chart also omits dozens of other casualties that have occurred under his presidency beyond the two conflicts listed. The price of Brent crude, the global benchmark, closed at $83 a barrel on Monday. The price of West Texas intermediate crude, the U.S. benchmark, closed at $80 a barrel. But prices are subject to large fluctuations. Two weeks ago, prices rose to over $100 a barrel. And last week, prices rose again, briefly topping $91 a barrel. Before the war began in February, the price of Brent was $72 a barrel. Mr. Trump’s chart cited 2,000 deaths in the war in Afghanistan and 4,600 in the Iraq war, compared with the Pentagon’s tally of 2,350 deaths in the first phase of the war in Afghanistan and 4,418 in Iraq. Mr. Trump noted that 18 American service members had been killed in the war in Iran and none in the single-day military intervention in Venezuela in January. Those figures have been reported by the Pentagon. (More than 600 have been wounded in Iran and The White House spokeswoman said that Mr. Trump was right to cite the single-day drop and that prices would plummet to prewar levels as the United States reopens the Strait of Hormuz. A8 N INTERNATIONAL THE NEW YORK TIMES TUESDAY, AUGUST 4, 2026 For Tehran, Trump’s Reversal Shows Who Has Upper Hand KENNY HOLSTON/THE NEW YORK TIMES The Saudi crown prince, Mohammed bin Salman, has urged the U.S. not to escalate attacks. project director for the International Crisis Group. It not only showed that Iran’s missile arsenal remained well stocked, he said, but also that Tehran’s intelligence capabilities were higher than previously believed. Iran-aligned militia force in Yemen, blockaded Riyadh’s use of the Bab al-Mandab waterway in the Red Sea. The Saudis had been piping oil to their west coast port on the Red Sea in order to circumvent Iran’s stranglehold on global shipping through the Strait of Hormuz, the primary route for oil shipments out of the Persian Gulf. The attack also stirred rare dissent within Jordan, a crucial U.S. security ally in the region, as hundreds of prominent Jordanians, among them politicians and lawyers, challenged their country’s limits on free speech to demand the withdrawal of American forces. Then last week, drones struck two major oil facilities in Saudi Arabia, in an attack Riyadh attributed to Iran-backed militias in Iraq. A day later, two ships caught fire in Damietta Port in Egypt, in what the Egyptian authorities said appeared to have been a drone attack and was widely seen by regional analysts as yet another strike by Iran or its proxies. “The entire Iranian strategy in this period has been aimed at making the United States understand that if there is another round of escalation, the scope and scale of Iranian response would be so much more devastating for the region and the global economy,” Mr. Vaez said. At its heart, the current struggle “is about redesigning the regional security architecture,” said H.A. Hellyer, a senior associate fellow at the Royal United Services Institute in London. Mr. Trump, he added, has never fully grasped the motivations of the Iranians, how they refuse to be bullied or cowed. Throughout both his current and previous term, Mr. Trump “is reluctant to learn the lesson” that aggressive tactics toward Iran have only hardened its position, Mr. Vaez said. The core of that struggle is the issue of who controls the Strait of Hormuz, he said. “The Iranians are very, very serious about not giving up control, and they’re willing to bomb things to make sure that’s the case.” Beyond that dynamic, there was also the startling July 17 attack on U.S. military sites in Jordan that killed three American soldiers. “It’s already eight years of his maximum pressure” with economic sanctions, he said, now combined with military pressure “that has never produced what he has sought.” “The strike in Jordan was the game changer,” said Ali Vaez, Iran FACT-CHECK Reviewing Trump’s Comments About the Costs of the Iran War WHAT MR. TRUMP SAID “We have a lot of ammunition, different types. You know, Biden gave a lot to Ukraine and so we’re building that up, but we have a lot. We have a lot of the midlevel stuff, too; I mean, more than we could ever use, no matter what. But we have a lot. I’d like to have more, to be honest, but so much was given to Ukraine by Biden.” — in the July 27 remarks This is misleading. The New York Times and other news outlets have reported that the Iran war has drained the United States’ arsenal of munitions. But Mr. Trump dismissed those concerns, blaming the Biden administration’s military aid to Ukraine instead. The president has a point that the Biden administration sent vast amounts of equipment and munitions to Ukraine, reducing stockpile levels. But those transfers played just a small role in the current issues with the Pentagon’s arsenal, because the military uses different weapons in the war with Iran. Exact figures for stockpiles and weapons used are not publicly disclosed. But according to a Pentagon fact sheet from January 2025, the Biden administration transferred over 100 types of equipment to Ukraine since Russia invaded the country in February 2022. The vast majority of that equipment was related to ground combat and not critical to Mr. Trump’s war in Iran, said Mark F. Cancian, a retired Marine Corps colonel and expert in war funding and procurement at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, a Washington think tank. TRUTH SOCIAL seven in Venezuela.) Additionally, two U.S. Army soldiers were killed during counterterrorism operations in Syria in December 2025. The Pentagon also recorded more than 60 deaths from 2017 to 2020 in Afghanistan and military campaigns in other countries during the first Trump administration. It is also worth pointing out that a number of more limited campaigns that occurred under Mr. Trump’s predecessors also had low death tolls. For example, a U.S.-led maritime operation called Operation Prosperity Guardian that began in 2023 aimed to deter attacks in the Red Sea by Houthi rebels and also led to zero combat deaths (though at least one died in a noncombatrelated incident). Similarly, there were no combat deaths of American soldiers in the 1999 bombing of Kosovo (though two died in a helicopter crash). For example, the Biden administration provided Ukraine with thousands of armored vehicles, trucks and tanks; anti-tank weapons like Javelin and TOW missiles; mortar systems, artillery and millions of rounds of ammunition. In contrast, the war in Iran has been fought in the sky. The Trump administration and congressional officials as well as outside military experts have raised concerns of depleted inventories of other types of weapons. According to reporting by The Times and other news outIran in Talks With Oman On Opening Of Hormuz At the same time, Washington is grappling with depleted stores of munitions. Some military officials say their abilities to fight future conflicts — such as a so-called great-power war against China — could be hobbled by shortages that might take years to reverse, particularly of defensive weapons like Patriot missiles. By AARON BOXERMAN and SANAM MAHOOZI “The U.S. military options aren’t great, and it’s not simply reported munitions shortages,” said Farzan Sabet, an Iran analyst at the Geneva Graduate Institute in Switzerland. Iran said on Monday that it was holding talks with Oman on temporarily reopening the Strait of Hormuz, the critical shipping lane in the Persian Gulf, as mediators rushed to tamp down the prospects of renewed war between the United States and Iran. “One, it’s not clear that the limited and time-bound military escalation Trump is willing to undertake at this point will be enough to change Iran’s calculus,” he said. “Two, it’s hard to imagine these options can degrade Iran’s missile and drone capacity, such that it cannot effectively close the Strait of Hormuz or further damage the Gulf’s critical and energy infrastructure.” Esmaeil Baghaei, the Iranian Foreign Ministry spokesman, said at a news conference that there were no direct U.S.-Iran talks at the moment, suggesting that a broader peace deal was not in the offing for now. Instead, he said, the talks with Oman were narrowly focused on negotiating a new route for ships to traverse the strait. Emboldened, some well-known Iranian hard-liners mocked the dilemma the Trump administration seems to find itself in. “The focus of the negotiations with Oman will be on this issue, while the matters relating to Iran and the United States will have to Ebrahim Rezaei, the spokesman of the Iranian Parliament’s national security and foreign policy committee, echoed a threat by Mr. Trump in April that he would bomb Iran “back to the Stone Age.” Negotiation with U.S. will be in ‘later stages,’ a spokesman says. “If a strike is made on Iran,” Mr. Rezaei wrote in a response on X to Mr. Trump’s renewed threats in recent days, “we will return the entire region and its facilities to the Stone Age.” be examined in later stages,” Mr. Baghaei said. When Mr. Trump said he was postponing an escalation, a prominent hard-line commentator, Seyed Mohammad Marandi, posted a picture of chicken tacos on his X account. It was a reference to a sarcastic acronym used by Mr. Trump’s critics: TACO, or “Trump Always Chickens Out.” President Trump lashed out at Iran’s government on Monday, calling its leaders “unbelievably duplicitous” and suggesting that the United States and Iran were, in fact, discussing a solution to resolve the problems in the Strait of Hormuz. “Iran has not budged,” he wrote above it. If the talks are successful, they could pave the way for the United States and Iran to return to a broader cease-fire after an earlier deal collapsed in last month amid tensions over the Strait of Hormuz. Far from being closer to talks, some regional experts feel the two sides are further away than ever. Mr. Karimi, the former Iranian official, said Iran should ready itself for another phase of war in the coming weeks. Mr. Trump abruptly canceled a threatened assault on Iran over the weekend, saying there could be progress in reopening the strait, a major waterway for global energy exports blockaded by Iran for months. He also cited pleas for calm by regional allies like Saudi Arabia. As long as both Tehran and Washington remain convinced they are the ones whose demands should be met, he said, the talks will not be meaningful. “To reach a deal, both sides must be politically humble and agree that their maximalist ambitions will not work,” he said, adding that, for now, “those dynamics are not on the table.” “The reason they asked is they think there’s a deal on Hormuz,” Mr. Trump told reporters on Sunday. Mr. Trump has repeatedly pledged that diplomatic breakthroughs with Iran are at hand in recent months, only for them to fall through. Iran has not shifted its position despite repeated American bombardments, leaving Mr. Trump wrestling with how to end the war he began in February jointly with Israel. Iran and Oman have exchanged maps of possible passages for ships as part of the talks, Mr. Baghaei said on Monday. One of the options under consideration was a possible “intermediate route” between the two countries that “safeguards the considerations and interests” of both countries, he added. lets and calculations from Colonel Cancian, the military has recently used: ■ 1,200 Patriot missiles out of an inventory of 2,330 ■ More than 1,000 Tomahawk Analysts are skeptical that Iran will totally release its grip over the Strait of Hormuz. Before the war, vessels moved freely through the waterway. Since the United States and Israel launched their attack in late February, the Iranian blockade has become a powerful source of leverage for Tehran in its dealings with Washington. cruise missiles out of 3,000 ■ More than 1,100 Joint Air-toSurface Standoff Missile, or JASSM, out of 4,400 ■ 40 to 70 Precision Strike Missiles out of 90 ■ 130 to 250 SM-3 missiles out of 410 ■ 90 to 370 SM-6 missiles out Mr. Baghaei suggested that Iran was unlikely to fully reopen the strait if other sticking points between the Trump administration and the Iranian government remained unresolved, such as a U.S. naval blockade on Iranian ports. 1,160 ■ 190 to 290 Terminal High Altitude Area Defense, or THAAD, missiles out of 360 The United States only provided a few weapons and munitions on that list to Ukraine, such as 600 Patriot missiles. Other aerial equipment given include shortrange air defense equipment, like more than 3,000 Stinger antiaircraft missiles. “So long as all the matters that the United States has violated during this period remain unresolved, naturally no significant change will occur in the situation of the Strait of Hormuz,” he told reporters. On the other hand, The Wall Street Journal reported in August 2022 that some officials thought that after transfers to Ukraine, the level of 155-millimeter combat rounds in the United States’ arsenal was “uncomfortably low.” The Pentagon used a portion of funding provided by Congress in 2024 to replace some of the equipment given to Ukraine including Javelin and Stinger missiles, 155-millimeter ammunition and armored vehicles. These have not posed an issue in the Iran war. In June, the two countries signed a cease-fire that was supposed to reopen the strait and allow for broader talks to curb Iran’s nuclear program — one of Mr. Trump’s justifications for launching the war. The truce quickly collapsed after Iran fired on commercial ships passing near Oman that the Iranian authorities deemed unauthorized. The deadlock stemmed, in part, from the vague wording that the Trump administration had agreed to in the cease-fire deal. Iran argued that the agreement gave it sweeping authority over the Strait of Hormuz, an interpretation disputed by U.S. officials. A White House spokeswoman defended Mr. Trump’s characterization, citing billions of dollars in weapons transfers to Ukraine under the Biden administration and a recent executive order by Mr. Trump that makes it more difficult for weapons makers to use materials from adversarial nations like China and Russia. Other points of view on the Opinion pages seven days a week. The New York Times
By PAUL SONNE and MILANA MAZAEVA
ARTYOM VOVCHENKO
hairdresser, Mr. Vovchenko grew up in a family of modest means in a provincial town in southern Russia. Conscripted into the military after college, he said he was forced to serve on an additional year against his will. When Mr. Putin launched his full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, Mr. Vovchenko was horrified, having long viewed Ukrainians as brethren.
BERLIN — By the time his U.S. deportation flight touched down last summer in Moscow, Artyom Vovchenko had been drained of his fighting spirit. “I couldn’t come to terms with it, thinking, ‘What the hell? On what grounds?’” he said. He had deserted the Russian military and fled his homeland in opposition to the war in Ukraine. He had spent 13 months in three U.S. detention centers before being denied asylum in America. And he had been deported in chains by the Trump administration back to Russia, where he faced up to 10 years in prison.
Convinced that his unit was about to be sent to Ukraine, Mr. Vovchenko fled, first traveling to Indonesia to coach jujitsu and later going to Mexico, where he crossed into the United States in 2024 to claim asylum. He was sent to a detention center in Mississippi. There, he worked for a dollar a day in the kitchen making porridge, he said. One day, while moving a 150-pound vat of food, he said, he slipped and injured his back.
After he landed, security officials at the Moscow airport saw that Mr. Vovchenko, 27, was wanted by military prosecutors. By then, his despair about his treatment by Russia and the United States had swelled into resentful resignation. “Even in the army, where I certainly faced mistreatment, I never experienced anything as bad as the way they treated us there,” Mr. Vovchenko said. “To hell with you all. Do whatever you want. I know I’m right,” Mr. Vovchenko said he told himself. “I had made my peace. Basically, I was ready to die.”
A spokesman for the Department of Homeland Security said, “Any claim that there are subprime conditions at ICE facilities is false.” The New York Times first reported on Mr. Vovchenko last year after he was swept up in the Trump administration’s mass deportation campaign. What followed for him was an encounter with a Russian system overwhelmed by soldiers who had fled the front in Ukraine or suffered injuries, an apparatus dotted with loopholes despite President Vladimir V. Putin’s aggressive wartime authoritarianism.
‘Extreme Stress’ After losing his case in the United States, Mr. Vovchenko was herded onto a military flight last summer. His last chance to save his freedom, he thought, was to persuade the Egyptian authorities, during a layover in Cairo, to let him go to Indonesia, where he still had a valid visa, rather than to Russia. As the days turned to weeks at the military base where Mr. Vovchenko awaited trial, his will to fight for his own future returned. He said he bided his time quietly, prayed every night and summoned his discipline from years of practicing martial arts. He began devising a plan to escape.
What began as a series of polite requests quickly went awry. He went to an airport restroom, where he held onto a pipe and said he was not going anywhere. His Egyptian guards descended on him, he said, pummeling his torso. A sharp pain shot through his back, he said, before a guard began choking him with the collar of his shirt. “I simply put my hope in the Lord,” Mr. Vovchenko said. “I figured, if God helps me on this path, then that means this is how it’s meant to be. If he doesn’t let me pass through, well, then that’s my destiny.” Finally, a man with a gun arrived and threatened to shoot him, he said. As Mr. Vovchenko slackened at the threat, the guards lifted him up, tied his arms and legs “like a sausage” and carried him onto the plane to Moscow.
‘Completely Opposed’ The Egyptian government did not respond to requests for comment about Mr. Vovchenko’s treatment. The son of a security guard and a
Back in Russia, the chaos of a military system stressed by the war in Ukraine played in Mr. Vovchenko’s favor. “To be honest, I was like an alien to them,” Mr. Vovchenko said. He was held in a military jail for two days before being sent to a base outside Moscow. The base is normally a training center for troops specializing in communications systems but, according to Mr. Vovchenko, also now houses a detention facility for soldiers. With so many wounded soldiers, there was no chance for Mr. Vovchenko to be treated by the state health authorities, he said. He gathered money and became one of the dozens of detained soldiers transported regularly by guards to local private health facilities.
The cells were filled with wounded service members, many of whom were suffering from mental illness or deteriorating health, he said. Doctors explained that Mr. Vovchenko had suffered three herniated disks, one of which was protruding from his spine by 11 millimeters. The atmosphere was better than what he experienced in U.S. detention, he said, with some Russian officials relating to him as a human, even if they berated the soldiers as “traitors.” Over months of visits, during which his guard would wait for him to be picked up and taken back to the base, he began researching how to escape.
Security was not as tight as it would have been in a traditional Russian prison. The authorities did not confiscate his phone or his passport, he said, searching his bag only for weapons. They had encountered few people like him who had spent years abroad, he said, and took to calling him “the American,” despite his protests.
‘Like an Alien’ One day, he walked in for treatment, he said, and once out of view of the guard, left and caught a taxi. For his part, Mr. Vovchenko said he regretted mistaking the United States as a place where he would be welcomed and not fully understanding the U.S. immigration system. He is trying to put away the paranoia of being on the run and stop the nightmares he has been having, in which people regularly show up to take him away. He was prepared. He knew exactly which route he would take and how he would avoid being tracked. He calculated that he had about three hours to leave the Moscow region before a manhunt would stymie him. Facing a long prison sentence or a forced trip to the front line, he felt the risk was worth taking.
He did manage to compete recently in a jujitsu tournament after weeks of trying to heal his back on his own, a small victory at a bleak moment. “I simply couldn’t bring myself to give up, to let my entire life just slip away,” Mr. Vovchenko said. Mr. Vovchenko’s name had been withdrawn from wanted lists while he was in pretrial detention at the military base, which is standard procedure for the Russian courts, he said. He took multiple vehicles to the border with Belarus, a state that allows free movement to and from Russia. He had read on the internet about the possibility of leaving Russia through Belarus, after other antiwar Russians, including Maria Alyokhina, a member of the punk protest band Pussy Riot, publicly recounted taking the route.
Rapid Unit, an underground organization that helps spirit Russian political prisoners to safety, verified Mr. Vovchenko’s identity and assisted him, according to an official at the organization, who spoke on the condition of anonymity because of security concerns. It helped coordinate Mr. Vovchenko’s departure, assisting him mostly in Belarus. The group adapted the plan as circumstances changed, and handled tickets, logistics and the search for temporary housing, together with partner groups. The route had to be rearranged several times, the official at Rapid Unit said, but ultimately, Mr. Vovchenko made it out of Belarus to a safer place.
THE NEW YORK TIMES The Times agreed not to publish Mr. Vovchenko’s current whereabouts for security reasons. Having regained his freedom, Mr. Vovchenko is trying to pick up the pieces of his life. His back problems are still plaguing him, and his money has run out. “I feel completely lost right now,” he said. “It’s like preparing for a competition,” he said. “You can’t spend too much time just thinking about the competition itself. You simply focus on specific tasks, the key details, and then you perform.”
Dmitry Valuev, the president of Russian America for Democracy in Russia, a U.S. group that aids Russian asylum seekers, put together a fund-raiser for Mr. Vovchenko. It has so far raised only $2,000 of its goal of $12,000 to help him resettle. ‘Completely Lost’
“I have my own goals, my own dreams,” Mr. Vovchenko said. “I just want to live my life.”
N
It helped coordinate Mr. Vovchenko’s departure, assisting
A10 N INTERNATIONAL THE NEW YORK TIMES TUESDAY, AUGUST 4, 2026 After No-Bid Deals, Trump’s Vision of Fleet In Arctic Costs Billions A Golf Game, and a Gift From Page A1 Mr. Trump’s interest in Finnish icebreakers can be traced back more than 30 years. in various ways. The number was twice as many as the Coast Guard, which manages America’s fleet, had said it needed. The contracts for building the ships would be awarded without competitive bids. And while seven of the ships are expected to be built in the United States, the first four would be built in Finland, requiring Mr. Trump to waive a law prohibiting the construction of national security vessels overseas. The future president, then a hotel and casino mogul facing bankruptcies in New York and Atlantic City, flew to Helsinki in 1992 to look for new ways to make money. Mr. Trump was interested in buying a ship to turn into a floating casino, according to Juha Wiskari, a Finnish shipping executive who met with Mr. Trump and gave him a tour of one of his company’s vessels. Mr. Trump dropped the idea, Mr. Wiskari said in an interview, once he realized the cost of operating the ship would make it hard to turn a profit. At that moment, though, none of that mattered. Mr. Trump wanted more icebreakers, and he wanted them from Finland. But the visit proved significant for another reason. Mr. Trump had seen Finnish icebreakers docked nearby and wondered what they were, another shipping executive, Martin Saarikangas, later told Finland’s public broadcaster. He recalled telling Mr. Trump that Finland had built about 60 percent of the world’s icebreakers. “Other countries have more than we do,” Mr. Trump proclaimed as he sat with the Finnish leader, “and we’re buying the finest icebreakers in the world.” The story behind Mr. Trump’s personal intervention in Coast Guard ships provides new insights into how his administration has cut corners and flouted rules in pursuit of projects that suit the president’s desires, regardless of whether they fit any broader strategic rationale. “A positive seed about Finland had been planted in his mind,” Mr. Wiskari said. The reliance on no-bid contracts, usually reserved for highly specialized or urgent needs, mirrors other recent Trump-driven projects — ranging in scale from renovations to the Lincoln Memorial Reflecting Pool to a $1.3 billion deal to build a migrant detention center. After becoming president a quartercentury later, Mr. Trump expressed his reverence for icebreakers. No other branch of the military, he said during 2017 remarks at the Coast Guard Academy, “has the power to break through 21 feet of rock-solid Arctic ice.” He talked to Finland’s leaders about buying or leasing an icebreaker, but couldn’t close the deal before the end of his first term, according to people familiar with those conversations. A New York Times examination of the Coast Guard deal found it relied on personal appeals from Finland’s president and Mr. Trump’s own view of what constitutes national greatness, along with a fascination with polar icebreakers dating back to a chance encounter in Finland long before he would ever run for president. After his re-election, Mr. Trump again began trying to buy icebreakers. Coast Guard officials held meetings with U.S. shipbuilders to gauge their interest. Then a game of golf changed everything. It also came with no plan to pay for the infrastructure required to support the 11 new ships or the crews to sail them. Those costs are likely to reach into the billions, according to Coast Guard documents. On a Saturday in March 2025, Mr. Trump played in a tournament at one of his golf courses in Florida. Joining him was Mr. Stubb, the Finnish president. Mr. Stubb had played golf for the Finnish national team, and went to Furman University in South Carolina on a golf scholarship. According to Mr. Trump, the two men won the tournament. Much of the funding is set to come from money set aside for border security in the Republicans’ spending law passed last year, the “One Big Beautiful Bill,” which gave the administration wide latitude to pour billions into its priorities with little oversight. Mr. Stubb presented Mr. Trump with a picture of an icebreaker, in what one person described as a handsome golden frame. Shipbuilding is a vital industry in Finland, and the country’s leaders had long sought to persuade the U.S. government to buy vessels from its yards. To justify no-bid contracts for icebreakers, the Trump administration invoked a rarely used exemption claiming the awards are in the “public interest” — allowing the government to skip competition while saying little publicly about its rationale. Finland’s reasons for courting Mr. Trump went beyond securing a deal for icebreakers, according to people familiar with the two countries’ interactions. Keeping a close relationship allows Mr. Stubb to try to persuade Mr. Trump of the importance of the NATO alliance and maintaining pressure on Russia. “We haven’t seen any information or analysis to justify the 11 or to assess the long-term affordability of these decisions,” said Shelby S. Oakley, director of contracting and national security acquisitions for the nonpartisan U.S. Government Accountability Office. Mr. Trump wrote on social media that Mr. Stubb was “a very good player,” and said Mr. Stubb had praised him for making America strong again. The Coast Guard, she said, risks ending up “like a lottery winner who spends all their money buying the mansion, and then goes broke once they realize they don’t have the money to maintain it.” Mr. Trump added the words that Finland had long sought to hear: “President Stubb and I look forward to strengthening the partnership between the United States and Finland, and that includes the purchase and development of a large number of badly needed icebreakers for the U.S.” Administration officials broadly defended the ships as essential for national security. Polar icebreakers allow the Coast Guard to maintain what it calls “presence” in the Arctic — monitoring foreign vessels operating in the region’s increasingly strategic waterways. A senior Coast Guard official called, texted and met with Republican lawmakers through the spring and early summer to push for funding, describing icebreakers as a top White House priority, according to two people with knowledge of the outreach. “President Trump is restoring America’s status as a great Arctic power after previous administrations allowed our ships and Arctic capacity to rust and decay,” Allie McCandless, a spokeswoman for the White House Office of Management and Budget, said in a statement. The pressure worked. Last July, in the Republicans’ spending law, Congress provided $3.5 billion for the ships. But Mr. Trump and his advisers wanted to buy more icebreakers than $3.5 billion would pay for. The commandant of the Coast Guard, Admiral Kevin E. Lunday, said the service abided by laws and regulations “to ensure appropriate stewardship of taxpayer dollars.” The administration at the time had been considering two “very, very good proposals” for icebreakers, the White House budget director, Russell T. Vought, told The Times. “The number 11 came directly from the president,” Admiral Lunday told The Times. He said the Coast Guard provided input, but added: “This was the president’s number and the president’s decision.” One shipbuilder had offered to build five icebreakers, based on a design originally developed for Russia; another proposal offered six ships, using a design for the Canadian Coast Guard. The president has bragged about the deal. “We ultimately didn’t want to have to choose between them,” Mr. Vought said. “I’m gonna be there at the dedication,” he told graduates at the United States Coast Guard Academy in May. “They have been trying to get icebreakers for years and years, and no president was able to provide them with what you need to get it done.” In the end, they didn’t have to. “The One Big Beautiful Bill had given us an opportunity to do both,” he added. The additional icebreaker money — another $3.5 billion — came from a separate fund in the bill intended for what lawmakers called “border support,” according to Troy Edgar, deputy secretary at the Department of Homeland Security, which oversees the Coast Guard. Reporting was contributed by Jeff Adelson, Alexandra Berzon, Adam Entous, Jeffrey Gettleman, Kate Kelly, Johanna Lemola and Dustin Volz. Research was contributed by Susan C. Beachy, Kitty Bennett, Alain Delaquérière, Georgia Gee, Sheelagh McNeill and Kirsten Noyes. Mr. Trump placed the late-night call to President Stubb in August, not long after the bill was passed. The two leaders had been negotiating EKATERINA ANISIMOVA/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES Above, a Russian icebreaker in the North Pole in 2021. Top, a shipyard in Helsinki operated by Davie Defense, Inocea’s newly formed American subsidiary. Mr. Trump awarded Davie Defense a no-bid, $3.5 billion contract for five icebreakers. “Russia has 40.” Russia now has 56 polar icebreakers, the Coast Guard told Congress this past April, while China has five. for months about the United States purchasing a used icebreaker from Finland, and perhaps a handful of new vessels. Now, armed with billions in new funding, Mr. Trump wanted to go bigger. Mr. Trump’s focus on Russia’s icebreakers ignores crucial differences between the two countries, according to Ronald O’Rourke, who analyzed the Coast Guard’s icebreaker program for the nonpartisan Congressional Research Service for 18 years until retiring this year. “I’m not going to buy the used one, because it’s too old,” Mr. Trump said, according to an account Mr. Stubb later gave to Finnish journalists. “I want more new ones instead.” A spokeswoman for Mr. Stubb declined to respond to questions from The Times about Mr. Stubb’s account. More than two million Russians live in Arctic communities, and the Russian government needs icebreakers to keep ports and shipping lines open. Fewer than 20,000 Americans live in the Alaskan Arctic, census data show. ‘Russia Has 40’ Experts say Mr. Trump’s actions reflect a very real problem: The United States needs more polar icebreakers. The last time the Coast Guard prepared a formal assessment of what vessels it needs, in 2023, the service said it required four or five of the type of icebreakers the Trump administration is buying. It’s not clear what the Coast Guard would do with 11 such vessels, Mr. O’Rourke said — even if the United States took control of Greenland, as Mr. Trump has urged. The question, the experts say, is how many the United States really needs. Mr. Trump’s public comments suggest his interest reflects a frustration that other countries have more icebreakers, rather than any review of strategic requirements. “We only have one,” Mr. Trump complained to military leaders in 2020, somewhat undercounting the American fleet. Mr. Trump’s interest in Finnish icebreakers dates back more than 30 years. com views on Russian icebreakers by way of an analogy about misplaced car envy. T Ho sho bui edg con vat “My neighbors have a lot of kids, so they bought a minivan,” Mr. O’Rourke said. “Does that mean that my wife and I, who have no kids, also need to buy a minivan?” The administration’s goal is to obtain the first icebreakers before Mr. Trump leaves office. To meet that timeline, the Coast Guard bypassed the usual process of requesting and reviewing competing bids. T Sh bui con ice B his to tee ing ele By using the public interest exemption, the provision that allowed the Trump administration to avoid seeking competitive offers, the Coast Guard did not have to prove that the work was urgent, or that only one company could do it. Instead, the agency simply needed to send Congress a letter informing lawmakers of the plan to award a no-bid contract before signing the deal. A sai to of i Co Mr wh bui tan not By the time the letter arrived, the White House already had announced the deal and the companies had publicly touted their selection. The proposals accepted by the administration resulted in contracts with three Mr. O’Rourke assessed the president’s
译文在绝大多数部分保持了较高的忠实度和完整性，但在处理 PDF 复杂的分栏布局时出现了严重的逻辑错乱（Section-Order Problems），导致多篇不同主题的文章内容在翻译件中交织在一起。
这是本译件最核心的缺陷。译文未能正确处理 PDF 的分栏，导致不同新闻报道的内容在同一页面内随机交织： * 内容混淆： 在关于“摩洛哥移民”的报道中间，突然插入了“美国民主社会党 (D.S.A.)”、“纽约市免费儿童照护 (Eliza Shapiro)”、“密歇根州参议院竞选”以及“司法部布兰什备忘录”的内容。 * 逻辑断层： 翻译件在第一页中段突然从摩洛哥移民跳到美国国内政治，随后又跳回摩洛哥移民，最后又跳到俄罗斯政治犯（Vovchenko）的内容。这种排列完全破坏了原文档的结构。
$1.3 billion $\rightarrow$ 译文：$1.3 亿 (13亿) 美元。此处括号内标注错误且与前文矛盾（1.3 billion 应为 13 亿，而非 1.3 亿）。$3.5 billion contract $\rightarrow$ 译文：35 亿美元 billion。数字量级错误（3.5 $\rightarrow$ 35）。亿美元 billion 或 70 亿美元 billion 这种冗余写法，属于未清理的内部标签/残留。（此处文本部分缺失 / 损坏），译者在无法处理乱码/缺失文本时直接标注，未尝试根据上下文重建或在报告中说明。奥鲁克先生评估了总统的 戛然而止，属于典型的截断。floating casino 直接保留英文，未翻译为“海上赌场/浮动赌场”。remote_md_018... 等内部处理文件名，属于交付缺陷。BEN HUBBARD and AIDA ALAMI 在开头被正确列出，但随后在正文部分又出现了 作者：马克·兰德勒 (MARK LANDLER)。原文中 Mark Landler 是分析文章的作者，但在译文中这两部分被混淆，导致读者误认为主报道作者发生了变化。结论：存在阻断性问题 (Blocking Issues Found)。 由于极其严重的章节乱序和关键数字量级错误（3.5 $\rightarrow$ 35），该译文在专业审计标准下不可通过。建议重新分析 PDF 布局后进行结构化翻译。